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Author SHA1 Message Date
Andrew Gerrand
309e16554a go1.2rc2 2013-10-18 13:53:33 +09:00
4247 changed files with 402963 additions and 541750 deletions

10
.gitattributes vendored
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@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
# Treat all files in the Go repo as binary, with no git magic updating
# line endings. Windows users contributing to Go will need to use a
# modern version of git and editors capable of LF line endings.
#
# We'll prevent accidental CRLF line endings from entering the repo
# via the git-review gofmt checks.
#
# See golang.org/issue/9281
* -text

52
.gitignore vendored
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@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
.DS_Store
*.[5689ao]
*.a[5689o]
*.so
*.pyc
._*
.nfs.*
[5689a].out
*~
*.orig
*.rej
*.exe
.*.swp
core
*.cgo*.go
*.cgo*.c
_cgo_*
_obj
_test
_testmain.go
build.out
test.out
doc/articles/wiki/*.bin
include/plan9/libc_plan9.h
misc/cgo/life/run.out
misc/cgo/stdio/run.out
misc/cgo/testso/main
misc/dashboard/builder/builder
src/liblink/anames?.c
src/cmd/*/y.output
src/cmd/cgo/zdefaultcc.go
src/cmd/dist/dist.dSYM
src/cmd/gc/mkbuiltin1
src/cmd/gc/opnames.h
src/cmd/go/zdefaultcc.go
src/cmd/internal/obj/zbootstrap.go
src/go/doc/headscan
src/runtime/mkversion
src/runtime/zaexperiment.h
src/runtime/zversion.go
src/unicode/maketables
src/*.*/
test/pass.out
test/run.out
test/times.out
test/garbage/*.out
goinstall.log
last-change
VERSION.cache
bin/
pkg/

62
.hgignore Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
syntax:glob
.DS_Store
.git
.gitignore
*.[568ao]
*.a[568o]
*.so
*.pyc
._*
.nfs.*
[568a].out
*~
*.orig
*.rej
*.exe
.*.swp
core
*.cgo*.go
*.cgo*.c
_cgo_*
_obj
_test
_testmain.go
build.out
test.out
doc/tmpltohtml
doc/articles/wiki/*.bin
misc/cgo/life/run.out
misc/cgo/stdio/run.out
misc/cgo/testso/main
misc/dashboard/builder/builder
misc/goplay/goplay
misc/osx/*.pkg
misc/osx/*.dmg
src/cmd/?a/y.output
src/cmd/?l/enam.c
src/cmd/cc/y.output
src/cmd/cgo/zdefaultcc.go
src/cmd/dist/dist.dSYM
src/cmd/gc/mkbuiltin1
src/cmd/gc/opnames.h
src/cmd/gc/y.output
src/cmd/go/zdefaultcc.go
src/pkg/go/doc/headscan
src/pkg/runtime/goc2c
src/pkg/runtime/mkversion
src/pkg/runtime/z*
src/pkg/unicode/maketables
src/pkg/*.*/
test/pass.out
test/run.out
test/times.out
test/garbage/*.out
goinstall.log
last-change
VERSION.cache
syntax:regexp
^bin/
^pkg/
^src/cmd/(.*)/6?\1$
^.*/core.[0-9]*$

122
.hgtags Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
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112
AUTHORS
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@@ -12,78 +12,58 @@ Aaron France <aaron.l.france@gmail.com>
Abhinav Gupta <abhinav.g90@gmail.com>
Adrian Nos <nos.adrian@gmail.com>
Adrian O'Grady <elpollouk@gmail.com>
Adrien Bustany <adrien-xx-google@bustany.org>
Ahmed Waheed Moanes <oneofone@gmail.com>
Akshat Kumar <seed@mail.nanosouffle.net>
Alan Shreve <alan@inconshreveable.com>
Albert Strasheim <fullung@gmail.com>
Alberto Donizetti <alb.donizetti@gmail.com>
Alberto García Hierro <alberto@garciahierro.com> <alberto.garcia.hierro@gmail.com>
Aleksandar Dezelin <dezelin@gmail.com>
Alex A Skinner <alex@lx.lc>
Alex Brainman <alex.brainman@gmail.com>
Alex Jin <toalexjin@gmail.com>
Alexander Larsson <alexander.larsson@gmail.com>
Alexander Orlov <alexander.orlov@loxal.net>
Alexander Reece <awreece@gmail.com>
Alexander Surma <surma@surmair.de>
Alexander Zhavnerchik <alex.vizor@gmail.com>
Alexandre Normand <alexandre.normand@gmail.com>
Alexei Sholik <alcosholik@gmail.com>
Alexey Borzenkov <snaury@gmail.com>
Alexey Palazhchenko <alexey.palazhchenko@gmail.com>
Amir Mohammad Saied <amir@gluegadget.com>
Amrut Joshi <amrut.joshi@gmail.com>
Andrei Vieru <euvieru@gmail.com>
Andrew Balholm <andybalholm@gmail.com>
Andrew Bonventre <andybons@chromium.org>
Andrew Bursavich <abursavich@gmail.com>
Andrew Harding <andrew@spacemonkey.com>
Andrew Lutomirski <andy@luto.us>
Andrew Pritchard <awpritchard@gmail.com>
Andrew Radev <andrey.radev@gmail.com>
Andrew Skiba <skibaa@gmail.com>
Andrew Szeto <andrew@jabagawee.com>
Andrew Wilkins <axwalk@gmail.com>
Andrey Mirtchovski <mirtchovski@gmail.com>
Andriy Lytvynov <lytvynov.a.v@gmail.com>
Andy Davis <andy@bigandian.com>
Anfernee Yongkun Gui <anfernee.gui@gmail.com>
Anh Hai Trinh <anh.hai.trinh@gmail.com>
Anschel Schaffer-Cohen <anschelsc@gmail.com>
Anthony Eufemio <anthony.eufemio@gmail.com>
Anthony Martin <ality@pbrane.org>
Anthony Starks <ajstarks@gmail.com>
Apisak Darakananda <pongad@gmail.com>
Aram Hăvărneanu <aram@mgk.ro>
Arnaud Ysmal <arnaud.ysmal@gmail.com>
Arne Hormann <arnehormann@gmail.com>
Aron Nopanen <aron.nopanen@gmail.com>
Arvindh Rajesh Tamilmani <art@a-30.net>
Ato Araki <ato.araki@gmail.com>
Aulus Egnatius Varialus <varialus@gmail.com>
Ben Olive <sionide21@gmail.com>
Benjamin Black <b@b3k.us>
Benny Siegert <bsiegert@gmail.com>
Benoit Sigoure <tsunanet@gmail.com>
Berengar Lehr <berengar.lehr@gmx.de>
Billie Harold Cleek <bhcleek@gmail.com>
Bjorn Tillenius <bjorn@tillenius.me>
Bjorn Tipling <bjorn.tipling@gmail.com>
Blake Mizerany <blake.mizerany@gmail.com>
Bobby Powers <bobbypowers@gmail.com>
Brendan Daniel Tracey <tracey.brendan@gmail.com>
Brian Dellisanti <briandellisanti@gmail.com>
Brian G. Merrell <bgmerrell@gmail.com>
Brian Gitonga Marete <marete@toshnix.com>
Brian Ketelsen <bketelsen@gmail.com>
Caine Tighe <arctanofyourface@gmail.com>
Caleb Spare <cespare@gmail.com>
Carl Chatfield <carlchatfield@gmail.com>
Carlos Castillo <cookieo9@gmail.com>
Case Nelson <case.nelson@gmail.com>
Casey Marshall <casey.marshall@gmail.com>
Cezar Sá Espinola <cezarsa@gmail.com>
ChaiShushan <chaishushan@gmail.com>
Charles L. Dorian <cldorian@gmail.com>
Charles Lee <zombie.fml@gmail.com>
@@ -92,10 +72,8 @@ Chris Farmiloe <chrisfarms@gmail.com>
Chris Howey <howeyc@gmail.com>
Chris Jones <chris@cjones.org>
Chris Lennert <calennert@gmail.com>
Chris McGee <sirnewton_01@yahoo.ca> <newton688@gmail.com>
Christian Himpel <chressie@googlemail.com>
Christine Hansmann <chhansmann@gmail.com>
Christoffer Buchholz <christoffer.buchholz@gmail.com>
Christoph Hack <christoph@tux21b.org>
Christopher Cahoon <chris.cahoon@gmail.com>
Christopher Nielsen <m4dh4tt3r@gmail.com>
@@ -104,34 +82,25 @@ Christopher Wedgwood <cw@f00f.org>
Clement Skau <clementskau@gmail.com>
Conrad Meyer <cemeyer@cs.washington.edu>
Corey Thomasson <cthom.lists@gmail.com>
Cristian Staretu <unclejacksons@gmail.com>
Damian Gryski <dgryski@gmail.com>
Dan Callahan <dan.callahan@gmail.com>
Dan Peterson <dpiddy@gmail.com>
Dan Sinclair <dan.sinclair@gmail.com>
Daniel Fleischman <danielfleischman@gmail.com>
Daniel Krech <eikeon@eikeon.com>
Daniel Lidén <daniel.liden.87@gmail.com>
Daniel Morsing <daniel.morsing@gmail.com>
Daniel Theophanes <kardianos@gmail.com>
Darren Elwood <darren@textnode.com>
Dave Cheney <dave@cheney.net>
David Bürgin <676c7473@gmail.com>
David Calavera <david.calavera@gmail.com>
David du Colombier <0intro@gmail.com>
David Forsythe <dforsythe@gmail.com>
David G. Andersen <dave.andersen@gmail.com>
David Jakob Fritz <david.jakob.fritz@gmail.com>
David Leon Gil <coruus@gmail.com>
David Thomas <davidthomas426@gmail.com>
David Titarenco <david.titarenco@gmail.com>
Dean Prichard <dean.prichard@gmail.com>
Denis Brandolini <denis.brandolini@gmail.com>
Derek Parker <parkerderek86@gmail.com>
Devon H. O'Dell <devon.odell@gmail.com>
Dhiru Kholia <dhiru.kholia@gmail.com>
Dimitri Tcaciuc <dtcaciuc@gmail.com>
Dmitri Shuralyov <shurcooL@gmail.com>
Dmitriy Shelenin <deemok@googlemail.com> <deemok@gmail.com>
Dmitry Chestnykh <dchest@gmail.com>
Dominik Honnef <dominik.honnef@gmail.com>
@@ -145,57 +114,41 @@ Egon Elbre <egonelbre@gmail.com>
Ehren Kret <ehren.kret@gmail.com>
Eivind Uggedal <eivind@uggedal.com>
Elias Naur <elias.naur@gmail.com>
Emil Hessman <c.emil.hessman@gmail.com> <emil@hessman.se>
Emil Hessman <c.emil.hessman@gmail.com>
Eoghan Sherry <ejsherry@gmail.com>
Eric Clark <zerohp@gmail.com>
Eric Milliken <emilliken@gmail.com>
Eric Roshan-Eisner <eric.d.eisner@gmail.com>
Erik St. Martin <alakriti@gmail.com>
Erik Westrup <erik.westrup@gmail.com>
Esko Luontola <esko.luontola@gmail.com>
Evan Shaw <chickencha@gmail.com>
Ewan Chou <coocood@gmail.com>
Fabrizio Milo <mistobaan@gmail.com>
Fan Hongjian <fan.howard@gmail.com>
Fastly, Inc.
Fatih Arslan <fatih@arslan.io>
Fazlul Shahriar <fshahriar@gmail.com>
Felix Geisendörfer <haimuiba@gmail.com>
Firmansyah Adiputra <frm.adiputra@gmail.com>
Florian Uekermann <florian@uekermann-online.de>
Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
Francisco Souza <franciscossouza@gmail.com>
Frederick Kelly Mayle III <frederickmayle@gmail.com>
Fredrik Enestad <fredrik.enestad@soundtrackyourbrand.com>
Frithjof Schulze <schulze@math.uni-hannover.de> <sfrithjof@gmail.com>
Gabriel Aszalos <gabriel.aszalos@gmail.com>
Gary Burd <gary@beagledreams.com>
Gautham Thambidorai <gautham.dorai@gmail.com>
Georg Reinke <guelfey@gmail.com>
Gerasimos Dimitriadis <gedimitr@gmail.com>
Gideon Jan-Wessel Redelinghuys <gjredelinghuys@gmail.com>
Giles Lean <giles.lean@pobox.com>
Google Inc.
Gordon Klaus <gordon.klaus@gmail.com>
Graham King <graham4king@gmail.com>
Graham Miller <graham.miller@gmail.com>
Greg Ward <greg@gerg.ca>
Guillaume J. Charmes <guillaume@charmes.net>
Gustav Paul <gustav.paul@gmail.com>
Gustavo Niemeyer <gustavo@niemeyer.net>
Gwenael Treguier <gwenn.kahz@gmail.com>
Harley Laue <losinggeneration@gmail.com>
Hector Chu <hectorchu@gmail.com>
Hector Martin Cantero <hector@marcansoft.com>
Henning Schmiedehausen <henning@schmiedehausen.org>
Henrik Edwards <henrik.edwards@gmail.com>
Herbert Georg Fischer <herbert.fischer@gmail.com>
Hong Ruiqi <hongruiqi@gmail.com>
Icarus Sparry <golang@icarus.freeuk.com>
Ingo Oeser <nightlyone@googlemail.com>
Isaac Wagner <ibw@isaacwagner.me>
Jakob Borg <jakob@nym.se>
Jakub Ryszard Czarnowicz <j.czarnowicz@gmail.com>
James David Chalfant <james.chalfant@gmail.com>
James Fysh <james.fysh@gmail.com>
James Gray <james@james4k.com>
@@ -210,28 +163,21 @@ Jan Newmarch <jan.newmarch@gmail.com>
Jan Ziak <0xe2.0x9a.0x9b@gmail.com>
Jani Monoses <jani.monoses@ubuntu.com>
Jaroslavas Počepko <jp@webmaster.ms>
Jason Del Ponte <delpontej@gmail.com>
Jason Travis <infomaniac7@gmail.com>
Jay Weisskopf <jay@jayschwa.net>
Jeff Hodges <jeff@somethingsimilar.com>
Jeff R. Allen <jra@nella.org>
Jeff Sickel <jas@corpus-callosum.com>
Jeff Wendling <jeff@spacemonkey.com>
Jens Frederich <jfrederich@gmail.com>
Jeremy Jackins <jeremyjackins@gmail.com>
Jim McGrath <jimmc2@gmail.com>
Jimmy Zelinskie <jimmyzelinskie@gmail.com>
Jingcheng Zhang <diogin@gmail.com>
Joakim Sernbrant <serbaut@gmail.com>
Joe Poirier <jdpoirier@gmail.com>
Joe Shaw <joe@joeshaw.org>
Joel Stemmer <stemmertech@gmail.com>
John Asmuth <jasmuth@gmail.com>
John C Barstow <jbowtie@amathaine.com>
John Graham-Cumming <jgc@jgc.org> <jgrahamc@gmail.com>
John Howard Palevich <jack.palevich@gmail.com>
John Shahid <jvshahid@gmail.com>
John Tuley <john@tuley.org>
Jonathan Gold <jgold.bg@gmail.com>
Jonathan Mark <jhmark@xenops.com>
Jonathan Rudenberg <jonathan@titanous.com>
@@ -242,8 +188,6 @@ Joseph Holsten <joseph@josephholsten.com>
Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Josh Goebel <dreamer3@gmail.com>
Josh Holland <jrh@joshh.co.uk>
Joshua Chase <jcjoshuachase@gmail.com>
JT Olds <jtolds@xnet5.com>
Jukka-Pekka Kekkonen <karatepekka@gmail.com>
Julian Phillips <julian@quantumfyre.co.uk>
Julien Schmidt <google@julienschmidt.com>
@@ -252,80 +196,54 @@ Kamil Kisiel <kamil@kamilkisiel.net> <kamil.kisiel@gmail.com>
Katrina Owen <katrina.owen@gmail.com>
Kei Son <hey.calmdown@gmail.com>
Keith Rarick <kr@xph.us>
Kelsey Hightower <kelsey.hightower@gmail.com>
Kelvin Foo Chuan Lyi <vmirage@gmail.com>
Ken Friedenbach <kenliz@cruzio.com>
Ken Rockot <ken@oz.gs>
Kevin Ballard <kevin@sb.org>
Kyle Consalus <consalus@gmail.com>
Kyle Isom <kyle@gokyle.net>
Kyle Lemons <kyle@kylelemons.net>
L Campbell <unpantsu@gmail.com>
Lai Jiangshan <eag0628@gmail.com>
Linaro Limited
Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Luca Greco <luca.greco@alcacoop.it>
Lucio De Re <lucio.dere@gmail.com>
Luit van Drongelen <luitvd@gmail.com>
Luka Zakrajšek <tr00.g33k@gmail.com>
Luke Curley <qpingu@gmail.com>
Manuel Mendez <mmendez534@gmail.com>
Marc Weistroff <marc@weistroff.net>
Marco Hennings <marco.hennings@freiheit.com>
Mark Theunissen <mark.theunissen@gmail.com>
Marko Juhani Silokunnas <marko.silokunnas@gmail.com>
Marko Tiikkaja <marko@joh.to>
Markover Inc. DBA Poptip
Markus Duft <markus.duft@salomon.at>
Markus Sonderegger <marraison@gmail.com>
Markus Zimmermann <zimmski@gmail.com>
Martin Neubauer <m.ne@gmx.net>
Martin Olsson <martin@minimum.se>
Mateusz Czapliński <czapkofan@gmail.com>
Mathieu Lonjaret <mathieu.lonjaret@gmail.com>
Mats Lidell <mats.lidell@cag.se>
Matt Aimonetti <mattaimonetti@gmail.com>
Matt Jibson <matt.jibson@gmail.com>
Matt Joiner <anacrolix@gmail.com>
Matt Reiferson <mreiferson@gmail.com>
Matthew Cottingham <mattcottingham@gmail.com>
Matthew Horsnell <matthew.horsnell@gmail.com>
Maxim Khitrov <max@mxcrypt.com>
Micah Stetson <micah.stetson@gmail.com>
Michael Chaten <mchaten@gmail.com>
Michael Elkins <michael.elkins@gmail.com>
Michael Fraenkel <michael.fraenkel@gmail.com>
Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org> <gnirheg.leahcim@gmail.com>
Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org>
Michael Hoisie <hoisie@gmail.com>
Michael Lewis <mikelikespie@gmail.com>
Michael MacInnis <Michael.P.MacInnis@gmail.com>
Michael Pearson <mipearson@gmail.com>
Michael Stapelberg <michael@stapelberg.de>
Michael Teichgräber <mteichgraeber@gmx.de>
Michał Derkacz <ziutek@lnet.pl>
Miek Gieben <miek@miek.nl>
Mihai Borobocea <MihaiBorobocea@gmail.com>
Mikael Tillenius <mikti42@gmail.com>
Mike Andrews <mra@xoba.com>
Mike Rosset <mike.rosset@gmail.com>
Mikhail Panchenko <m@mihasya.com>
Miki Tebeka <miki.tebeka@gmail.com>
Mikio Hara <mikioh.mikioh@gmail.com>
Mikkel Krautz <mikkel@krautz.dk>
Miquel Sabaté Solà <mikisabate@gmail.com>
Moov Corporation
Moriyoshi Koizumi <mozo@mozo.jp>
Môshe van der Sterre <moshevds@gmail.com>
Nan Deng <monnand@gmail.com>
Nathan John Youngman <nj@nathany.com>
Nathan P Finch <nate.finch@gmail.com>
ngmoco, LLC
Nicholas Katsaros <nick@nickkatsaros.com>
Nicholas Presta <nick@nickpresta.ca> <nick1presta@gmail.com>
Nicholas Sullivan <nicholas.sullivan@gmail.com>
Nicholas Waples <nwaples@gmail.com>
Nick Craig-Wood <nick@craig-wood.com> <nickcw@gmail.com>
Nicolas Kaiser <nikai@nikai.net>
Nicolas Owens <mischief@offblast.org>
Nigel Kerr <nigel.kerr@gmail.com>
Noah Campbell <noahcampbell@gmail.com>
@@ -340,36 +258,25 @@ Pascal S. de Kloe <pascal@quies.net>
Patrick Crosby <patrick@stathat.com>
Patrick Gavlin <pgavlin@gmail.com>
Patrick Higgins <patrick.allen.higgins@gmail.com>
Patrick Mézard <patrick@mezard.eu>
Patrick Mylund Nielsen <patrick@patrickmn.com>
Patrick Smith <pat42smith@gmail.com>
Paul A Querna <paul.querna@gmail.com>
Paul Hammond <paul@paulhammond.org>
Paul Lalonde <paul.a.lalonde@gmail.com>
Paul Sbarra <Sbarra.Paul@gmail.com>
Paul van Brouwershaven <paul@vanbrouwershaven.com>
Pavel Zinovkin <pavel.zinovkin@gmail.com>
Percy Wegmann <ox.to.a.cart@gmail.com>
Petar Maymounkov <petarm@gmail.com>
Peter Armitage <peter.armitage@gmail.com>
Peter Froehlich <peter.hans.froehlich@gmail.com>
Peter Kleiweg <pkleiweg@xs4all.nl>
Peter Mundy <go.peter.90@gmail.com>
Péter Surányi <speter.go1@gmail.com>
Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
Peter Waller <peter.waller@gmail.com>
Peter Williams <pwil3058@gmail.com>
Philip K. Warren <pkwarren@gmail.com>
Pieter Droogendijk <pieter@binky.org.uk>
Pietro Gagliardi <pietro10@mac.com>
Preetam Jinka <pj@preet.am>
Quan Yong Zhai <qyzhai@gmail.com>
Raif S. Naffah <go@naffah-raif.name>
Red Hat, Inc.
Rémy Oudompheng <oudomphe@phare.normalesup.org>
Richard Crowley <r@rcrowley.org>
Richard Eric Gavaletz <gavaletz@gmail.com>
Richard Musiol <mail@richard-musiol.de>
Rick Arnold <rickarnoldjr@gmail.com>
Risto Jaakko Saarelma <rsaarelm@gmail.com>
Robert Daniel Kortschak <dan.kortschak@adelaide.edu.au>
@@ -382,13 +289,10 @@ Rodrigo Moraes de Oliveira <rodrigo.moraes@gmail.com>
Rodrigo Rafael Monti Kochenburger <divoxx@gmail.com>
Roger Pau Monné <royger@gmail.com>
Roger Peppe <rogpeppe@gmail.com>
Ron Hashimoto <mail@h2so5.net>
Ron Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Ross Light <rlight2@gmail.com>
Rowan Worth <sqweek@gmail.com>
Ryan Hitchman <hitchmanr@gmail.com>
Ryan Slade <ryanslade@gmail.com>
S.Çağlar Onur <caglar@10ur.org>
Sanjay Menakuru <balasanjay@gmail.com>
Scott Ferguson <scottwferg@gmail.com>
Scott Lawrence <bytbox@gmail.com>
@@ -401,34 +305,25 @@ Shane Hansen <shanemhansen@gmail.com>
Shawn Smith <shawn.p.smith@gmail.com>
Shenghou Ma <minux.ma@gmail.com>
Shivakumar GN <shivakumar.gn@gmail.com>
Simon Whitehead <chemnova@gmail.com>
Sokolov Yura <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
Spring Mc <heresy.mc@gmail.com>
StalkR <stalkr@stalkr.net>
Stefan Nilsson <snilsson@nada.kth.se> <trolleriprofessorn@gmail.com>
Stéphane Travostino <stephane.travostino@gmail.com>
Stephen McQuay <stephen@mcquay.me>
Stephen Weinberg <stephen@q5comm.com>
Steve McCoy <mccoyst@gmail.com>
Steven Elliot Harris <seharris@gmail.com>
Steven Hartland <steven.hartland@multiplay.co.uk>
Sven Almgren <sven@tras.se>
Szabolcs Nagy <nsz@port70.net>
Tad Glines <tad.glines@gmail.com>
Taj Khattra <taj.khattra@gmail.com>
Tarmigan Casebolt <tarmigan@gmail.com>
Taru Karttunen <taruti@taruti.net>
Tetsuo Kiso <tetsuokiso9@gmail.com>
Thiago Fransosi Farina <thiago.farina@gmail.com>
Thomas Alan Copeland <talan.copeland@gmail.com>
Thomas Kappler <tkappler@gmail.com>
Timo Savola <timo.savola@gmail.com>
Timo Truyts <alkaloid.btx@gmail.com>
Tobias Columbus <tobias.columbus@gmail.com>
Tom Linford <tomlinford@gmail.com>
Tor Andersson <tor.andersson@gmail.com>
Travis Cline <travis.cline@gmail.com>
Tudor Golubenco <tudor.g@gmail.com>
Tw <tw19881113@gmail.com>
Tyler Bunnell <tylerbunnell@gmail.com>
Ugorji Nwoke <ugorji@gmail.com>
@@ -443,8 +338,6 @@ Volker Dobler <dr.volker.dobler@gmail.com>
Wei Guangjing <vcc.163@gmail.com>
Willem van der Schyff <willemvds@gmail.com>
William Josephson <wjosephson@gmail.com>
William Orr <will@worrbase.com> <ay1244@gmail.com>
Xia Bin <snyh@snyh.org>
Xing Xing <mikespook@gmail.com>
Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>
Yissakhar Z. Beck <yissakhar.beck@gmail.com>
@@ -455,4 +348,3 @@ Yuusei Kuwana <kuwana@kumama.org>
Yuval Pavel Zholkover <paulzhol@gmail.com>
Ziad Hatahet <hatahet@gmail.com>
Zorion Arrizabalaga <zorionk@gmail.com>
申习之 <bronze1man@gmail.com>

View File

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
# Contributing to Go
Go is an open source project.
It is the work of hundreds of contributors. We appreciate your help!
## Filing issues
When filing an issue, make sure to answer these five questions:
1. What version of Go are you using (`go version`)?
2. What operating system and processor architecture are you using?
3. What did you do?
4. What did you expect to see?
5. What did you see instead?
General questions should go to the [golang-nuts mailing list](https://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts) instead of the issue tracker.
The gophers there will answer or ask you to file an issue if you've tripped over a bug.
## Contributing code
Please read the [Contribution Guidelines](https://golang.org/doc/contribute.html)
before sending patches.
**We do not accept GitHub pull requests**
(we use [Gerrit](https://code.google.com/p/gerrit/) instead for code review).
Unless otherwise noted, the Go source files are distributed under
the BSD-style license found in the LICENSE file.

View File

@@ -37,66 +37,51 @@ Abhinav Gupta <abhinav.g90@gmail.com>
Adam Langley <agl@golang.org>
Adrian Nos <nos.adrian@gmail.com>
Adrian O'Grady <elpollouk@gmail.com>
Adrien Bustany <adrien-xx-google@bustany.org>
Ahmed Waheed Moanes <oneofone@gmail.com>
Akshat Kumar <seed@mail.nanosouffle.net>
Alan Donovan <adonovan@google.com>
Alan Shreve <alan@inconshreveable.com>
Albert Strasheim <fullung@gmail.com>
Alberto Donizetti <alb.donizetti@gmail.com>
Alberto García Hierro <alberto@garciahierro.com> <alberto.garcia.hierro@gmail.com>
Aleksandar Dezelin <dezelin@gmail.com>
Alex A Skinner <alex@lx.lc>
Alex Brainman <alex.brainman@gmail.com>
Alex Bramley <abramley@google.com>
Alex Jin <toalexjin@gmail.com>
Alexander Larsson <alexander.larsson@gmail.com>
Alexander Orlov <alexander.orlov@loxal.net>
Alexander Reece <awreece@gmail.com>
Alexander Surma <surma@surmair.de>
Alexander Zhavnerchik <alex.vizor@gmail.com>
Alexandre Normand <alexandre.normand@gmail.com>
Alexandru Moșoi <brtzsnr@gmail.com>
Alexei Sholik <alcosholik@gmail.com>
Alexey Borzenkov <snaury@gmail.com>
Alexey Palazhchenko <alexey.palazhchenko@gmail.com>
Alexis Imperial-Legrand <ail@google.com>
Amir Mohammad Saied <amir@gluegadget.com>
Amrut Joshi <amrut.joshi@gmail.com>
Andrea Spadaccini <spadaccio@google.com>
Andreas Jellinghaus <andreas@ionisiert.de> <anj@google.com>
Andrei Vieru <euvieru@gmail.com>
Andres Erbsen <andreser@google.com>
Andrew Balholm <andybalholm@gmail.com>
Andrew Bonventre <andybons@chromium.org>
Andrew Bursavich <abursavich@gmail.com>
Andrew Gerrand <adg@golang.org>
Andrew Harding <andrew@spacemonkey.com>
Andrew Lutomirski <andy@luto.us>
Andrew Pritchard <awpritchard@gmail.com>
Andrew Radev <andrey.radev@gmail.com>
Andrew Skiba <skibaa@gmail.com>
Andrew Szeto <andrew@jabagawee.com>
Andrew Wilkins <axwalk@gmail.com>
Andrey Mirtchovski <mirtchovski@gmail.com>
Andriy Lytvynov <lytvynov.a.v@gmail.com>
Andy Davis <andy@bigandian.com>
Anfernee Yongkun Gui <anfernee.gui@gmail.com>
Anh Hai Trinh <anh.hai.trinh@gmail.com>
Anschel Schaffer-Cohen <anschelsc@gmail.com>
Anthony Eufemio <anthony.eufemio@gmail.com>
Anthony Martin <ality@pbrane.org>
Anthony Starks <ajstarks@gmail.com>
Apisak Darakananda <pongad@gmail.com>
Aram Hăvărneanu <aram@mgk.ro>
Arnaud Ysmal <arnaud.ysmal@gmail.com>
Arne Hormann <arnehormann@gmail.com>
Aron Nopanen <aron.nopanen@gmail.com>
Arvindh Rajesh Tamilmani <art@a-30.net>
Asim Shankar <asimshankar@gmail.com>
Ato Araki <ato.araki@gmail.com>
Aulus Egnatius Varialus <varialus@gmail.com>
Austin Clements <austin@google.com> <aclements@csail.mit.edu>
Austin Clements <aclements@csail.mit.edu>
Balazs Lecz <leczb@google.com>
Ben Eitzen <eitzenb@golang.org>
Ben Fried <ben.fried@gmail.com>
@@ -104,36 +89,27 @@ Ben Lynn <benlynn@gmail.com>
Ben Olive <sionide21@gmail.com>
Benjamin Black <b@b3k.us>
Benny Siegert <bsiegert@gmail.com>
Benoit Sigoure <tsunanet@gmail.com>
Berengar Lehr <Berengar.Lehr@gmx.de>
Bill Neubauer <wcn@golang.org> <wcn@google.com> <bill.neubauer@gmail.com>
Bill Thiede <couchmoney@gmail.com>
Billie Harold Cleek <bhcleek@gmail.com>
Bjorn Tillenius <bjorn@tillenius.me>
Bjorn Tipling <bjorn.tipling@gmail.com>
Blake Mizerany <blake.mizerany@gmail.com>
Bobby Powers <bobbypowers@gmail.com>
Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org> <bradfitz@gmail.com>
Brad Garcia <bgarcia@golang.org>
Brendan Daniel Tracey <tracey.brendan@gmail.com>
Brendan O'Dea <bod@golang.org>
Brian Dellisanti <briandellisanti@gmail.com>
Brian G. Merrell <bgmerrell@gmail.com>
Brian Gitonga Marete <marete@toshnix.com>
Brian Ketelsen <bketelsen@gmail.com>
Brian Slesinsky <skybrian@google.com>
Burcu Dogan <jbd@google.com>
Caine Tighe <arctanofyourface@gmail.com>
Caleb Spare <cespare@gmail.com>
Carl Chatfield <carlchatfield@gmail.com>
Carl Mastrangelo <notcarl@google.com>
Carl Shapiro <cshapiro@google.com> <cshapiro@golang.org>
Carlos Castillo <cookieo9@gmail.com>
Cary Hull <chull@google.com>
Case Nelson <case.nelson@gmail.com>
Casey Marshall <casey.marshall@gmail.com>
Catalin Patulea <catalinp@google.com>
Cezar Sá Espinola <cezarsa@gmail.com>
ChaiShushan <chaishushan@gmail.com>
Charles L. Dorian <cldorian@gmail.com>
Charles Lee <zombie.fml@gmail.com>
@@ -144,10 +120,8 @@ Chris Hundt <hundt@google.com>
Chris Jones <chris@cjones.org> <chris.jones.yar@gmail.com>
Chris Lennert <calennert@gmail.com>
Chris Manghane <cmang@golang.org>
Chris McGee <sirnewton_01@yahoo.ca> <newton688@gmail.com>
Christian Himpel <chressie@googlemail.com> <chressie@gmail.com>
Christine Hansmann <chhansmann@gmail.com>
Christoffer Buchholz <christoffer.buchholz@gmail.com>
Christoph Hack <christoph@tux21b.org>
Christopher Cahoon <chris.cahoon@gmail.com>
Christopher Nielsen <m4dh4tt3r@gmail.com>
@@ -159,15 +133,12 @@ Colby Ranger <cranger@google.com>
Conrad Meyer <cemeyer@cs.washington.edu>
Corey Thomasson <cthom.lists@gmail.com>
Cosmos Nicolaou <cnicolaou@google.com>
Cristian Staretu <unclejacksons@gmail.com>
Damian Gryski <dgryski@gmail.com>
Damien Neil <dneil@google.com>
Dan Callahan <dan.callahan@gmail.com>
Dan Peterson <dpiddy@gmail.com>
Dan Sinclair <dan.sinclair@gmail.com>
Daniel Fleischman <danielfleischman@gmail.com>
Daniel Krech <eikeon@eikeon.com>
Daniel Lidén <daniel.liden.87@gmail.com>
Daniel Morsing <daniel.morsing@gmail.com>
Daniel Nadasi <dnadasi@google.com>
Daniel Theophanes <kardianos@gmail.com>
@@ -177,28 +148,19 @@ Dave Cheney <dave@cheney.net>
Dave Day <djd@golang.org>
Dave Grijalva <dgrijalva@ngmoco.com>
David Anderson <danderson@google.com>
David Barnett <dbarnett@google.com>
David Bürgin <676c7473@gmail.com>
David Calavera <david.calavera@gmail.com>
David Covert <davidhcovert@gmail.com>
David Crawshaw <david.crawshaw@zentus.com> <crawshaw@google.com> <crawshaw@golang.org>
David Crawshaw <david.crawshaw@zentus.com> <crawshaw@google.com>
David du Colombier <0intro@gmail.com>
David Forsythe <dforsythe@gmail.com>
David G. Andersen <dave.andersen@gmail.com>
David Jakob Fritz <david.jakob.fritz@gmail.com>
David Leon Gil <coruus@gmail.com>
David McLeish <davemc@google.com>
David Presotto <presotto@gmail.com>
David Symonds <dsymonds@golang.org>
David Thomas <davidthomas426@gmail.com>
David Titarenco <david.titarenco@gmail.com>
Dean Prichard <dean.prichard@gmail.com>
Denis Brandolini <denis.brandolini@gmail.com>
Derek Parker <parkerderek86@gmail.com>
Devon H. O'Dell <devon.odell@gmail.com>
Dhiru Kholia <dhiru.kholia@gmail.com>
Dimitri Tcaciuc <dtcaciuc@gmail.com>
Dmitri Shuralyov <shurcooL@gmail.com>
Dmitriy Shelenin <deemok@googlemail.com> <deemok@gmail.com>
Dmitriy Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Dmitry Chestnykh <dchest@gmail.com>
@@ -206,7 +168,6 @@ Dominik Honnef <dominik.honnef@gmail.com>
Donovan Hide <donovanhide@gmail.com>
Drew Hintz <adhintz@google.com>
Duncan Holm <mail@frou.org>
Dustin Long <dustmop@gmail.com>
Dustin Sallings <dsallings@gmail.com>
Dustin Shields-Cloues <dcloues@gmail.com>
Eden Li <eden.li@gmail.com>
@@ -214,23 +175,18 @@ Egon Elbre <egonelbre@gmail.com>
Ehren Kret <ehren.kret@gmail.com>
Eivind Uggedal <eivind@uggedal.com>
Elias Naur <elias.naur@gmail.com>
Emil Hessman <c.emil.hessman@gmail.com> <emil@hessman.se>
Emil Hessman <c.emil.hessman@gmail.com>
Eoghan Sherry <ejsherry@gmail.com>
Eric Clark <zerohp@gmail.com>
Eric Milliken <emilliken@gmail.com>
Eric Roshan-Eisner <eric.d.eisner@gmail.com>
Erik St. Martin <alakriti@gmail.com>
Erik Westrup <erik.westrup@gmail.com>
Esko Luontola <esko.luontola@gmail.com>
Evan Kroske <evankroske@google.com>
Evan Martin <evan.martin@gmail.com>
Evan Shaw <chickencha@gmail.com>
Ewan Chou <coocood@gmail.com>
Fabrizio Milo <mistobaan@gmail.com>
Fan Hongjian <fan.howard@gmail.com>
Fatih Arslan <fatih@arslan.io>
Fazlul Shahriar <fshahriar@gmail.com>
Felix Geisendörfer <haimuiba@gmail.com>
Firmansyah Adiputra <frm.adiputra@gmail.com>
Florian Uekermann <florian@uekermann-online.de> <f1@uekermann-online.de>
Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
@@ -238,34 +194,23 @@ Folke Behrens <folke@google.com>
Francesc Campoy <campoy@golang.org>
Francisco Souza <franciscossouza@gmail.com>
Frederick Kelly Mayle III <frederickmayle@gmail.com>
Fredrik Enestad <fredrik.enestad@soundtrackyourbrand.com>
Frithjof Schulze <schulze@math.uni-hannover.de> <sfrithjof@gmail.com>
Fumitoshi Ukai <ukai@google.com>
Gaal Yahas <gaal@google.com>
Gabriel Aszalos <gabriel.aszalos@gmail.com>
Gary Burd <gary@beagledreams.com> <gary.burd@gmail.com>
Gautham Thambidorai <gautham.dorai@gmail.com>
Georg Reinke <guelfey@gmail.com>
Gerasimos Dimitriadis <gedimitr@gmail.com>
Gideon Jan-Wessel Redelinghuys <gjredelinghuys@gmail.com>
Giles Lean <giles.lean@pobox.com>
Glenn Lewis <gmlewis@google.com>
Gordon Klaus <gordon.klaus@gmail.com>
Graham King <graham4king@gmail.com>
Graham Miller <graham.miller@gmail.com>
Greg Ward <greg@gerg.ca>
Guillaume J. Charmes <guillaume@charmes.net>
Gustav Paul <gustav.paul@gmail.com>
Gustavo Franco <gustavorfranco@gmail.com>
Gustavo Niemeyer <gustavo@niemeyer.net> <n13m3y3r@gmail.com>
Gwenael Treguier <gwenn.kahz@gmail.com>
Hana Kim <hyangah@gmail.com>
Han-Wen Nienhuys <hanwen@google.com>
Harley Laue <losinggeneration@gmail.com>
Hector Chu <hectorchu@gmail.com>
Hector Martin Cantero <hector@marcansoft.com>
Henning Schmiedehausen <henning@schmiedehausen.org>
Henrik Edwards <henrik.edwards@gmail.com>
Herbert Georg Fischer <herbert.fischer@gmail.com>
Hong Ruiqi <hongruiqi@gmail.com>
Hossein Sheikh Attar <hattar@google.com>
@@ -275,15 +220,12 @@ Ingo Oeser <nightlyone@googlemail.com> <nightlyone@gmail.com>
Isaac Wagner <ibw@isaacwagner.me>
Ivan Krasin <krasin@golang.org>
Jacob Baskin <jbaskin@google.com>
Jakob Borg <jakob@nym.se>
Jakub Ryszard Czarnowicz <j.czarnowicz@gmail.com>
James Aguilar <jaguilar@google.com>
James David Chalfant <james.chalfant@gmail.com>
James Fysh <james.fysh@gmail.com>
James Gray <james@james4k.com>
James Meneghello <rawrz0r@gmail.com>
James P. Cooper <jamespcooper@gmail.com>
James Robinson <jamesr@google.com> <jamesr.gatech@gmail.com>
James Toy <nil@opensesame.st>
James Tucker <raggi@google.com>
James Whitehead <jnwhiteh@gmail.com>
@@ -297,16 +239,12 @@ Jan Newmarch <jan.newmarch@gmail.com>
Jan Ziak <0xe2.0x9a.0x9b@gmail.com>
Jani Monoses <jani.monoses@ubuntu.com> <jani.monoses@gmail.com>
Jaroslavas Počepko <jp@webmaster.ms>
Jason Del Ponte <delpontej@gmail.com>
Jason Travis <infomaniac7@gmail.com>
Jay Weisskopf <jay@jayschwa.net>
Jean-Marc Eurin <jmeurin@google.com>
Jed Denlea <jed@fastly.com>
Jeff Hodges <jeff@somethingsimilar.com>
Jeff R. Allen <jra@nella.org> <jeff.allen@gmail.com>
Jeff Sickel <jas@corpus-callosum.com>
Jeff Wendling <jeff@spacemonkey.com>
Jens Frederich <jfrederich@gmail.com>
Jeremiah Harmsen <jeremiah@google.com>
Jeremy Jackins <jeremyjackins@gmail.com>
Jeremy Schlatter <jeremy.schlatter@gmail.com>
@@ -315,19 +253,14 @@ Jimmy Zelinskie <jimmyzelinskie@gmail.com>
Jingcheng Zhang <diogin@gmail.com>
Joakim Sernbrant <serbaut@gmail.com>
Joe Poirier <jdpoirier@gmail.com>
Joe Shaw <joe@joeshaw.org>
Joel Sing <jsing@google.com>
Joel Stemmer <stemmertech@gmail.com>
Johan Euphrosine <proppy@google.com>
John Asmuth <jasmuth@gmail.com>
John Beisley <huin@google.com>
John C Barstow <jbowtie@amathaine.com>
John DeNero <denero@google.com>
John Graham-Cumming <jgc@jgc.org> <jgrahamc@gmail.com>
John Howard Palevich <jack.palevich@gmail.com>
John Newlin <jnewlin@google.com>
John Shahid <jvshahid@gmail.com>
John Tuley <john@tuley.org>
Jonathan Allie <jonallie@google.com>
Jonathan Feinberg <feinberg@google.com>
Jonathan Gold <jgold.bg@gmail.com>
@@ -346,21 +279,16 @@ Josh Bleecher Snyder <josharian@gmail.com>
Josh Goebel <dreamer3@gmail.com>
Josh Hoak <jhoak@google.com>
Josh Holland <jrh@joshh.co.uk>
Joshua Chase <jcjoshuachase@gmail.com>
JP Sugarbroad <jpsugar@google.com>
JT Olds <jtolds@xnet5.com>
Jukka-Pekka Kekkonen <karatepekka@gmail.com>
Julian Phillips <julian@quantumfyre.co.uk>
Julien Schmidt <google@julienschmidt.com>
Kai Backman <kaib@golang.org>
Kamil Kisiel <kamil@kamilkisiel.net> <kamil.kisiel@gmail.com>
Katrina Owen <katrina.owen@gmail.com>
Kay Zhu <kayzhu@google.com>
Kei Son <hey.calmdown@gmail.com>
Keith Randall <khr@golang.org>
Keith Rarick <kr@xph.us>
Kelsey Hightower <kelsey.hightower@gmail.com>
Kelvin Foo Chuan Lyi <vmirage@gmail.com>
Ken Friedenbach <kenliz@cruzio.com>
Ken Rockot <ken@oz.gs> <ken.rockot@gmail.com>
Ken Thompson <ken@golang.org>
@@ -368,7 +296,6 @@ Kevin Ballard <kevin@sb.org>
Kevin Klues <klueska@gmail.com> <klueska@google.com>
Kirklin McDonald <kirklin.mcdonald@gmail.com>
Kyle Consalus <consalus@gmail.com>
Kyle Isom <kyle@gokyle.net>
Kyle Lemons <kyle@kylelemons.net> <kevlar@google.com>
L Campbell <unpantsu@gmail.com>
Lai Jiangshan <eag0628@gmail.com>
@@ -378,52 +305,34 @@ Louis Kruger <louisk@google.com>
Luca Greco <luca.greco@alcacoop.it>
Lucio De Re <lucio.dere@gmail.com>
Luit van Drongelen <luitvd@gmail.com>
Luka Zakrajšek <tr00.g33k@gmail.com>
Luke Curley <qpingu@gmail.com>
Luuk van Dijk <lvd@golang.org> <lvd@google.com>
Manoj Dayaram <platform-dev@moovweb.com> <manoj.dayaram@moovweb.com>
Manu Garg <manugarg@google.com>
Manuel Mendez <mmendez534@gmail.com>
Marc Weistroff <marc@weistroff.net>
Marcel van Lohuizen <mpvl@golang.org>
Marco Hennings <marco.hennings@freiheit.com>
Mark Theunissen <mark.theunissen@gmail.com>
Mark Zavislak <zavislak@google.com>
Marko Juhani Silokunnas <marko.silokunnas@gmail.com>
Marko Mikulicic <mkm@google.com>
Marko Tiikkaja <marko@joh.to>
Markus Duft <markus.duft@salomon.at>
Markus Sonderegger <marraison@gmail.com>
Markus Zimmermann <zimmski@gmail.com>
Martin Neubauer <m.ne@gmx.net>
Martin Olsson <martin@minimum.se>
Mateusz Czapliński <czapkofan@gmail.com>
Mathieu Lonjaret <mathieu.lonjaret@gmail.com>
Mats Lidell <mats.lidell@cag.se> <mats.lidell@gmail.com>
Matt Aimonetti <mattaimonetti@gmail.com>
Matt Brown <mdbrown@google.com>
Matt Jibson <matt.jibson@gmail.com>
Matt Joiner <anacrolix@gmail.com>
Matt Jones <mrjones@google.com>
Matt Reiferson <mreiferson@gmail.com>
Matthew Cottingham <mattcottingham@gmail.com>
Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
Matthew Horsnell <matthew.horsnell@gmail.com>
Maxim Khitrov <max@mxcrypt.com>
Maxim Pimenov <mpimenov@google.com>
Maxim Ushakov <ushakov@google.com>
Micah Stetson <micah.stetson@gmail.com>
Michael Chaten <mchaten@gmail.com>
Michael Elkins <michael.elkins@gmail.com>
Michael Fraenkel <michael.fraenkel@gmail.com>
Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org> <gnirheg.leahcim@gmail.com>
Michael Gehring <mg@ebfe.org>
Michael Hoisie <hoisie@gmail.com>
Michael Hudson-Doyle <michael.hudson@linaro.org>
Michael Kelly <mjk@google.com>
Michael Lewis <mikelikespie@gmail.com>
Michael MacInnis <Michael.P.MacInnis@gmail.com>
Michael Matloob <matloob@google.com>
Michael Pearson <mipearson@gmail.com>
Michael Piatek <piatek@google.com>
Michael Shields <mshields@google.com>
Michael Stapelberg <michael@stapelberg.de> <mstplbrg@googlemail.com>
@@ -431,30 +340,22 @@ Michael T. Jones <mtj@google.com> <michael.jones@gmail.com>
Michael Teichgräber <mteichgraeber@gmx.de> <mt4swm@googlemail.com>
Michał Derkacz <ziutek@lnet.pl>
Miek Gieben <miek@miek.nl> <remigius.gieben@gmail.com>
Mihai Borobocea <MihaiBorobocea@gmail.com>
Mikael Tillenius <mikti42@gmail.com>
Mike Andrews <mra@xoba.com>
Mike Rosset <mike.rosset@gmail.com>
Mike Samuel <mikesamuel@gmail.com>
Mike Solomon <msolo@gmail.com>
Mikhail Panchenko <m@mihasya.com>
Miki Tebeka <miki.tebeka@gmail.com>
Mikio Hara <mikioh.mikioh@gmail.com>
Mikkel Krautz <mikkel@krautz.dk> <krautz@gmail.com>
Miquel Sabaté Solà <mikisabate@gmail.com>
Moriyoshi Koizumi <mozo@mozo.jp>
Môshe van der Sterre <moshevds@gmail.com>
Mrunal Patel <mrunalp@gmail.com>
Nan Deng <monnand@gmail.com>
Nathan John Youngman <nj@nathany.com>
Nathan P Finch <nate.finch@gmail.com>
Nicholas Katsaros <nick@nickkatsaros.com>
Nicholas Presta <nick@nickpresta.ca> <nick1presta@gmail.com>
Nicholas Sullivan <nicholas.sullivan@gmail.com>
Nicholas Waples <nwaples@gmail.com>
Nick Cooper <nmvc@google.com>
Nick Craig-Wood <nick@craig-wood.com> <nickcw@gmail.com>
Nicolas Kaiser <nikai@nikai.net>
Nicolas Owens <mischief@offblast.org>
Nigel Kerr <nigel.kerr@gmail.com>
Nigel Tao <nigeltao@golang.org>
@@ -470,49 +371,34 @@ Pascal S. de Kloe <pascal@quies.net>
Patrick Crosby <patrick@stathat.com>
Patrick Gavlin <pgavlin@gmail.com>
Patrick Higgins <patrick.allen.higgins@gmail.com>
Patrick Mézard <patrick@mezard.eu>
Patrick Mylund Nielsen <patrick@patrickmn.com>
Patrick Riley <pfr@google.com>
Patrick Smith <pat42smith@gmail.com>
Paul A Querna <paul.querna@gmail.com>
Paul Borman <borman@google.com>
Paul Chang <paulchang@google.com>
Paul Hammond <paul@paulhammond.org>
Paul Lalonde <paul.a.lalonde@gmail.com>
Paul Nasrat <pnasrat@google.com>
Paul Sbarra <Sbarra.Paul@gmail.com>
Paul van Brouwershaven <paul@vanbrouwershaven.com>
Pavel Zinovkin <pavel.zinovkin@gmail.com>
Pawel Szczur <filemon@google.com>
Percy Wegmann <ox.to.a.cart@gmail.com>
Petar Maymounkov <petarm@gmail.com>
Peter Armitage <peter.armitage@gmail.com>
Peter Collingbourne <pcc@google.com>
Peter Froehlich <peter.hans.froehlich@gmail.com>
Peter Kleiweg <pkleiweg@xs4all.nl>
Peter McKenzie <petermck@google.com>
Peter Mundy <go.peter.90@gmail.com>
Péter Surányi <speter.go1@gmail.com>
Péter Szabó <pts@google.com>
Péter Szilágyi <peterke@gmail.com>
Peter Waller <peter.waller@gmail.com>
Peter Weinberger <pjw@golang.org>
Peter Williams <pwil3058@gmail.com>
Phil Pennock <pdp@golang.org>
Philip K. Warren <pkwarren@gmail.com>
Pieter Droogendijk <pieter@binky.org.uk>
Pietro Gagliardi <pietro10@mac.com>
Preetam Jinka <pj@preet.am>
Quan Yong Zhai <qyzhai@gmail.com>
Raif S. Naffah <go@naffah-raif.name>
Raph Levien <raph@google.com>
Raul Silvera <rsilvera@google.com>
Rémy Oudompheng <oudomphe@phare.normalesup.org> <remyoudompheng@gmail.com>
Richard Crowley <r@rcrowley.org>
Richard Eric Gavaletz <gavaletz@gmail.com>
Richard Musiol <mail@richard-musiol.de> <neelance@gmail.com>
Rick Arnold <rickarnoldjr@gmail.com>
Rick Hudson <rlh@golang.org>
Risto Jaakko Saarelma <rsaarelm@gmail.com>
Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
Robert Daniel Kortschak <dan.kortschak@adelaide.edu.au>
@@ -521,30 +407,23 @@ Robert Figueiredo <robfig@gmail.com>
Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
Robert Hencke <robert.hencke@gmail.com>
Robert Obryk <robryk@gmail.com>
Robert Sesek <rsesek@google.com>
Robert Snedegar <roberts@google.com>
Robin Eklind <r.eklind.87@gmail.com>
Rodrigo Moraes de Oliveira <rodrigo.moraes@gmail.com>
Rodrigo Rafael Monti Kochenburger <divoxx@gmail.com>
Roger Pau Monné <royger@gmail.com>
Roger Peppe <rogpeppe@gmail.com>
Ron Hashimoto <mail@h2so5.net>
Ron Minnich <rminnich@gmail.com>
Ross Light <rlight2@gmail.com>
Rowan Worth <sqweek@gmail.com>
Rui Ueyama <ruiu@google.com>
Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Ryan Barrett <ryanb@google.com>
Ryan Hitchman <hitchmanr@gmail.com>
Ryan Slade <ryanslade@gmail.com>
S.Çağlar Onur <caglar@10ur.org>
Sam Thorogood <thorogood@google.com> <sam.thorogood@gmail.com>
Sameer Ajmani <sameer@golang.org> <ajmani@gmail.com>
Sanjay Menakuru <balasanjay@gmail.com>
Scott Ferguson <scottwferg@gmail.com>
Scott Lawrence <bytbox@gmail.com>
Scott Schwartz <scotts@golang.org>
Sean Burford <sburford@google.com>
Sebastien Binet <seb.binet@gmail.com>
Sébastien Paolacci <sebastien.paolacci@gmail.com>
Sergei Skorobogatov <skorobo@rambler.ru>
@@ -553,12 +432,10 @@ Sergio Luis O. B. Correia <sergio@correia.cc>
Shane Hansen <shanemhansen@gmail.com>
Shawn Ledbetter <sledbetter@google.com>
Shawn Smith <shawn.p.smith@gmail.com>
Shenghou Ma <minux@golang.org> <minux.ma@gmail.com>
Shenghou Ma <minux.ma@gmail.com>
Shivakumar GN <shivakumar.gn@gmail.com>
Simon Whitehead <chemnova@gmail.com>
Sokolov Yura <funny.falcon@gmail.com>
Spring Mc <heresy.mc@gmail.com>
StalkR <stalkr@stalkr.net>
Stefan Nilsson <snilsson@nada.kth.se> <trolleriprofessorn@gmail.com>
Stéphane Travostino <stephane.travostino@gmail.com>
Stephen Ma <stephenm@golang.org>
@@ -566,7 +443,6 @@ Stephen McQuay <stephen@mcquay.me>
Stephen Weinberg <stephen@q5comm.com>
Steve McCoy <mccoyst@gmail.com>
Steven Elliot Harris <seharris@gmail.com>
Steven Hartland <steven.hartland@multiplay.co.uk>
Sugu Sougoumarane <ssougou@gmail.com>
Sven Almgren <sven@tras.se>
Szabolcs Nagy <nsz@port70.net>
@@ -574,21 +450,15 @@ Tad Glines <tad.glines@gmail.com>
Taj Khattra <taj.khattra@gmail.com>
Tarmigan Casebolt <tarmigan@gmail.com>
Taru Karttunen <taruti@taruti.net>
Tetsuo Kiso <tetsuokiso9@gmail.com>
Thiago Fransosi Farina <thiago.farina@gmail.com> <tfarina@chromium.org>
Thomas Alan Copeland <talan.copeland@gmail.com>
Thomas Habets <habets@google.com>
Thomas Kappler <tkappler@gmail.com>
Timo Savola <timo.savola@gmail.com>
Timo Truyts <alkaloid.btx@gmail.com>
Tobias Columbus <tobias.columbus@gmail.com> <tobias.columbus@googlemail.com>
Todd Wang <toddwang@gmail.com>
Tom Linford <tomlinford@gmail.com>
Tom Szymanski <tgs@google.com>
Tor Andersson <tor.andersson@gmail.com>
Travis Cline <travis.cline@gmail.com>
Trevor Strohman <trevor.strohman@gmail.com>
Tudor Golubenco <tudor.g@gmail.com>
Tw <tw19881113@gmail.com>
Tyler Bunnell <tylerbunnell@gmail.com>
Ugorji Nwoke <ugorji@gmail.com>
@@ -607,10 +477,7 @@ Will Norris <willnorris@google.com>
Willem van der Schyff <willemvds@gmail.com>
William Chan <willchan@chromium.org>
William Josephson <wjosephson@gmail.com>
William Orr <will@worrbase.com> <ay1244@gmail.com>
Xia Bin <snyh@snyh.org>
Xing Xing <mikespook@gmail.com>
Yan Zou <yzou@google.com>
Yasuhiro Matsumoto <mattn.jp@gmail.com>
Yissakhar Z. Beck <yissakhar.beck@gmail.com>
Yongjian Xu <i3dmaster@gmail.com>
@@ -621,4 +488,3 @@ Yuval Pavel Zholkover <paulzhol@gmail.com>
Yves Junqueira <yves.junqueira@gmail.com>
Ziad Hatahet <hatahet@gmail.com>
Zorion Arrizabalaga <zorionk@gmail.com>
申习之 <bronze1man@gmail.com>

31
README Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
This is the source code repository for the Go programming language.
For documentation about how to install and use Go,
visit http://golang.org/ or load doc/install.html in your web browser.
After installing Go, you can view a nicely formatted
doc/install.html by running godoc --http=:6060
and then visiting http://localhost:6060/doc/install.html.
Unless otherwise noted, the Go source files are distributed
under the BSD-style license found in the LICENSE file.
--
Binary Distribution Notes
If you have just untarred a binary Go distribution, you need to set
the environment variable $GOROOT to the full path of the go
directory (the one containing this README). You can omit the
variable if you unpack it into /usr/local/go, or if you rebuild
from sources by running all.bash (see doc/install.html).
You should also add the Go binary directory $GOROOT/bin
to your shell's path.
For example, if you extracted the tar file into $HOME/go, you might
put the following in your .profile:
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
See doc/install.html for more details.

View File

@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
# The Go Programming Language
Go is an open source programming language that makes it easy to build simple,
reliable, and efficient software.
![Gopher image](doc/gopher/fiveyears.jpg)
For documentation about how to install and use Go,
visit https://golang.org/ or load doc/install-source.html
in your web browser.
Our canonical Git repository is located at https://go.googlesource.com/go.
There is a mirror of the repository at https://github.com/golang/go.
Please report issues here: https://golang.org/issue/new
Go is the work of hundreds of contributors. We appreciate your help!
To contribute, please read the contribution guidelines:
https://golang.org/doc/contribute.html
##### Please note that we do not use pull requests.
Unless otherwise noted, the Go source files are distributed
under the BSD-style license found in the LICENSE file.
--
## Binary Distribution Notes
If you have just untarred a binary Go distribution, you need to set
the environment variable $GOROOT to the full path of the go
directory (the one containing this file). You can omit the
variable if you unpack it into /usr/local/go, or if you rebuild
from sources by running all.bash (see doc/install-source.html).
You should also add the Go binary directory $GOROOT/bin
to your shell's path.
For example, if you extracted the tar file into $HOME/go, you might
put the following in your .profile:
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
See https://golang.org/doc/install or doc/install.html for more details.

1
VERSION Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
go1.2rc2

View File

@@ -5,10 +5,6 @@ pkg syscall (darwin-amd64), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (darwin-amd64-cgo), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (netbsd-arm), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg syscall (netbsd-arm-cgo), func Fchflags(string, int) error
pkg testing, func RegisterCover(Cover)
pkg text/template/parse, type DotNode bool
pkg text/template/parse, type Node interface { Copy, String, Type }
@@ -18,313 +14,3 @@ pkg syscall (darwin-386), const ImplementsGetwd = false
pkg syscall (darwin-386-cgo), const ImplementsGetwd = false
pkg syscall (darwin-amd64), const ImplementsGetwd = false
pkg syscall (darwin-amd64-cgo), const ImplementsGetwd = false
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const BIOCGRTIMEOUT = 1074283118
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const BIOCSRTIMEOUT = 2148024941
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const RTF_FMASK = 63496
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const RTM_VERSION = 4
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SIOCBRDGDADDR = 2150132039
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SIOCBRDGGPARAM = 3224922456
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SIOCBRDGSADDR = 3223873860
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_CLOCK_GETRES = 234
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_CLOCK_GETTIME = 232
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_CLOCK_SETTIME = 233
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_FHSTATFS = 309
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_FSTAT = 292
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_FSTATAT = 316
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_FSTATFS = 308
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_FUTIMENS = 327
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_FUTIMES = 206
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES = 312
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_GETFSSTAT = 306
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_GETITIMER = 86
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_GETRUSAGE = 117
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_GETTIMEOFDAY = 116
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_KEVENT = 270
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_LSTAT = 293
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_NANOSLEEP = 240
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_SELECT = 93
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_SETITIMER = 83
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_SETTIMEOFDAY = 122
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_STAT = 291
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_STATFS = 307
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_UTIMENSAT = 326
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_UTIMES = 138
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS_WAIT4 = 7
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SYS___THRSLEEP = 300
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SizeofIfData = 208
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SizeofIfMsghdr = 232
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SizeofRtMetrics = 48
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const SizeofRtMsghdr = 88
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), const TIOCGTSTAMP = 1074295899
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Dirent struct, Fileno uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type FdSet struct, Bits [32]int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Kevent_t struct, Data int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Mclpool struct, Grown uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type RtMetrics struct, Expire uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Stat_t struct, Ino uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Stat_t struct, Lspare0 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Stat_t struct, Lspare1 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Stat_t struct, Qspare [2]int64
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Statfs_t struct, F_ctime uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Statfs_t struct, F_spare [3]uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Timespec struct, Sec int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386), type Timeval struct, Sec int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const BIOCGRTIMEOUT = 1074283118
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const BIOCSRTIMEOUT = 2148024941
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const RTF_FMASK = 63496
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const RTM_VERSION = 4
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SIOCBRDGDADDR = 2150132039
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SIOCBRDGGPARAM = 3224922456
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SIOCBRDGSADDR = 3223873860
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_CLOCK_GETRES = 234
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_CLOCK_GETTIME = 232
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_CLOCK_SETTIME = 233
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_FHSTATFS = 309
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_FSTAT = 292
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_FSTATAT = 316
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_FSTATFS = 308
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_FUTIMENS = 327
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_FUTIMES = 206
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES = 312
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_GETFSSTAT = 306
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_GETITIMER = 86
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_GETRUSAGE = 117
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_GETTIMEOFDAY = 116
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_KEVENT = 270
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_LSTAT = 293
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_NANOSLEEP = 240
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_SELECT = 93
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_SETITIMER = 83
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_SETTIMEOFDAY = 122
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_STAT = 291
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_STATFS = 307
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_UTIMENSAT = 326
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_UTIMES = 138
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS_WAIT4 = 7
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SYS___THRSLEEP = 300
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SizeofIfData = 208
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SizeofIfMsghdr = 232
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SizeofRtMetrics = 48
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const SizeofRtMsghdr = 88
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), const TIOCGTSTAMP = 1074295899
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Dirent struct, Fileno uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type FdSet struct, Bits [32]int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Kevent_t struct, Data int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Mclpool struct, Grown uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type RtMetrics struct, Expire uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Ino uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Lspare0 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Lspare1 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Qspare [2]int64
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Statfs_t struct, F_ctime uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Statfs_t struct, F_spare [3]uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Timespec struct, Sec int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-386-cgo), type Timeval struct, Sec int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const CCR0_FLUSH = 16
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const CCR0_FLUSH ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const CPUID_CFLUSH = 524288
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const CPUID_CFLUSH ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_LMA = 1024
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_LMA ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_LME = 256
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_LME ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_NXE = 2048
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_NXE ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_SCE = 1
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const EFER_SCE ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const PMC5_PIPELINE_FLUSH = 21
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const PMC5_PIPELINE_FLUSH ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const RTF_FMASK = 63496
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const RTM_VERSION = 4
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SIOCBRDGDADDR = 2150132039
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SIOCBRDGSADDR = 3223873860
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_CLOCK_GETRES = 234
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_CLOCK_GETTIME = 232
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_CLOCK_SETTIME = 233
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_FHSTATFS = 309
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_FSTAT = 292
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_FSTATAT = 316
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_FSTATFS = 308
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_FUTIMENS = 327
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_FUTIMES = 206
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES = 312
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_GETFSSTAT = 306
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_GETITIMER = 86
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_GETRUSAGE = 117
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_GETTIMEOFDAY = 116
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_KEVENT = 270
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_LSTAT = 293
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_NANOSLEEP = 240
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_SELECT = 93
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_SETITIMER = 83
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_SETTIMEOFDAY = 122
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_STAT = 291
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_STATFS = 307
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_UTIMENSAT = 326
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_UTIMES = 138
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS_WAIT4 = 7
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SYS___THRSLEEP = 300
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SizeofRtMetrics = 48
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), const SizeofRtMsghdr = 88
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Dirent struct, Fileno uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type FdSet struct, Bits [32]int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Kevent_t struct, Data int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Kevent_t struct, Ident uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Mclpool struct, Grown uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type RtMetrics struct, Expire uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Stat_t struct, Ino uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Stat_t struct, Lspare0 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Stat_t struct, Lspare1 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Stat_t struct, Qspare [2]int64
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Statfs_t struct, F_ctime uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Statfs_t struct, F_spare [3]uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Statfs_t struct, Pad_cgo_1 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Timespec struct, Pad_cgo_0 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64), type Timespec struct, Sec int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CCR0_FLUSH = 16
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CCR0_FLUSH ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CPUID_CFLUSH = 524288
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CPUID_CFLUSH ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_LMA = 1024
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_LMA ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_LME = 256
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_LME ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_NXE = 2048
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_NXE ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_SCE = 1
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EFER_SCE ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const PMC5_PIPELINE_FLUSH = 21
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const PMC5_PIPELINE_FLUSH ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const RTF_FMASK = 63496
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const RTM_VERSION = 4
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SIOCBRDGDADDR = 2150132039
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SIOCBRDGSADDR = 3223873860
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_CLOCK_GETRES = 234
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_CLOCK_GETTIME = 232
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_CLOCK_SETTIME = 233
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_FHSTATFS = 309
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_FSTAT = 292
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_FSTATAT = 316
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_FSTATFS = 308
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_FUTIMENS = 327
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_FUTIMES = 206
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES = 312
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_GETDIRENTRIES ideal-int
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_GETFSSTAT = 306
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_GETITIMER = 86
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_GETRUSAGE = 117
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_GETTIMEOFDAY = 116
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_KEVENT = 270
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_LSTAT = 293
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_NANOSLEEP = 240
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_SELECT = 93
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_SETITIMER = 83
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_SETTIMEOFDAY = 122
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_STAT = 291
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_STATFS = 307
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_UTIMENSAT = 326
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_UTIMES = 138
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS_WAIT4 = 7
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SYS___THRSLEEP = 300
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SizeofRtMetrics = 48
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const SizeofRtMsghdr = 88
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Dirent struct, Fileno uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type FdSet struct, Bits [32]int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Kevent_t struct, Data int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Kevent_t struct, Ident uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Mclpool struct, Grown uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type RtMetrics struct, Expire uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Ino uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Lspare0 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Lspare1 int32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Qspare [2]int64
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Statfs_t struct, F_ctime uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Statfs_t struct, F_spare [3]uint32
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Statfs_t struct, Pad_cgo_1 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Timespec struct, Pad_cgo_0 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (openbsd-amd64-cgo), type Timespec struct, Sec int32
pkg unicode, const Version = "6.2.0"
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), const AF_MAX = 38
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), const DLT_MATCHING_MAX = 242
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), const ELAST = 94
pkg syscall (freebsd-386), const O_CLOEXEC = 0
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const AF_MAX = 38
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const DLT_MATCHING_MAX = 242
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const ELAST = 94
pkg syscall (freebsd-386-cgo), const O_CLOEXEC = 0
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64), const AF_MAX = 38
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64), const DLT_MATCHING_MAX = 242
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64), const ELAST = 94
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64), const O_CLOEXEC = 0
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64-cgo), const AF_MAX = 38
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64-cgo), const DLT_MATCHING_MAX = 242
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64-cgo), const ELAST = 94
pkg syscall (freebsd-amd64-cgo), const O_CLOEXEC = 0
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const AF_MAX = 38
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const BIOCGRTIMEOUT = 1074545262
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const BIOCSRTIMEOUT = 2148287085
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const ELAST = 94
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const O_CLOEXEC = 0
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SIOCAIFADDR = 2151967019
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SIOCGIFSTATUS = 3274991931
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SIOCSIFPHYADDR = 2151967046
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_GET = 537
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_GET ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_LIMIT = 536
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_LIMIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_GET = 535
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_GET ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_LIMIT = 534
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_LIMIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_GET = 515
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_GET ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_LIMIT = 533
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_LIMIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SizeofBpfHdr = 24
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SizeofIfData = 88
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SizeofIfMsghdr = 104
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SizeofSockaddrDatalink = 56
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const SizeofSockaddrUnix = 108
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), const TIOCTIMESTAMP = 1074558041
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), type BpfHdr struct, Pad_cgo_0 [2]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), type RawSockaddrDatalink struct, Pad_cgo_0 [2]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), type RawSockaddrUnix struct, Pad_cgo_0 [2]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm), type Stat_t struct, Pad_cgo_0 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const AF_MAX = 38
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const BIOCGRTIMEOUT = 1074545262
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const BIOCSRTIMEOUT = 2148287085
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const ELAST = 94
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const O_CLOEXEC = 0
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SIOCAIFADDR = 2151967019
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SIOCGIFSTATUS = 3274991931
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SIOCSIFPHYADDR = 2151967046
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_GET = 537
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_GET ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_LIMIT = 536
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_FCNTLS_LIMIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_GET = 535
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_GET ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_LIMIT = 534
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_IOCTLS_LIMIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_GET = 515
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_GET ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_LIMIT = 533
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SYS_CAP_RIGHTS_LIMIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SizeofBpfHdr = 24
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SizeofIfData = 88
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SizeofIfMsghdr = 104
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SizeofSockaddrDatalink = 56
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const SizeofSockaddrUnix = 108
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), const TIOCTIMESTAMP = 1074558041
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), type BpfHdr struct, Pad_cgo_0 [2]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), type RawSockaddrDatalink struct, Pad_cgo_0 [2]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), type RawSockaddrUnix struct, Pad_cgo_0 [2]uint8
pkg syscall (freebsd-arm-cgo), type Stat_t struct, Pad_cgo_0 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (netbsd-arm), const SizeofIfData = 132
pkg syscall (netbsd-arm), type IfMsghdr struct, Pad_cgo_1 [4]uint8
pkg syscall (netbsd-arm-cgo), const SizeofIfData = 132
pkg syscall (netbsd-arm-cgo), type IfMsghdr struct, Pad_cgo_1 [4]uint8
pkg unicode, const Version = "6.3.0"

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@@ -1,604 +0,0 @@
# CL 134210043 archive/zip: add Writer.Flush, Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
pkg archive/zip, method (*Writer) Flush() error
# CL 97140043 compress/flate: add Reset() to allow reusing large buffers to compress multiple buffers, James Robinson <jamesr@google.com>
pkg compress/flate, type Resetter interface { Reset }
pkg compress/flate, type Resetter interface, Reset(io.Reader, []uint8) error
pkg compress/zlib, type Resetter interface { Reset }
pkg compress/zlib, type Resetter interface, Reset(io.Reader, []uint8) error
# CL 159120044 compress/gzip: allow stopping at end of first stream, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg compress/gzip, method (*Reader) Multistream(bool)
# CL 138800043 crypto: Add SHA3 functions in go.crypto/sha3 to the Hash enum., David Leon Gil <coruus@gmail.com>
pkg crypto, const SHA3_224 = 10
pkg crypto, const SHA3_224 Hash
pkg crypto, const SHA3_256 = 11
pkg crypto, const SHA3_256 Hash
pkg crypto, const SHA3_384 = 12
pkg crypto, const SHA3_384 Hash
pkg crypto, const SHA3_512 = 13
pkg crypto, const SHA3_512 Hash
# CL 114680043 crypto: add Signer, Adam Langley <agl@golang.org>
pkg crypto, method (Hash) HashFunc() Hash
pkg crypto, type Signer interface { Public, Sign }
pkg crypto, type Signer interface, Public() PublicKey
pkg crypto, type Signer interface, Sign(io.Reader, []uint8, SignerOpts) ([]uint8, error)
pkg crypto, type SignerOpts interface { HashFunc }
pkg crypto, type SignerOpts interface, HashFunc() Hash
pkg crypto/ecdsa, method (*PrivateKey) Public() crypto.PublicKey
pkg crypto/ecdsa, method (*PrivateKey) Sign(io.Reader, []uint8, crypto.SignerOpts) ([]uint8, error)
pkg crypto/rsa, method (*PSSOptions) HashFunc() crypto.Hash
pkg crypto/rsa, method (*PrivateKey) Public() crypto.PublicKey
pkg crypto/rsa, method (*PrivateKey) Sign(io.Reader, []uint8, crypto.SignerOpts) ([]uint8, error)
pkg crypto/rsa, type PSSOptions struct, Hash crypto.Hash
# CL 157090043 crypto/tls: support TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV as a server., Adam Langley <agl@golang.org>
pkg crypto/tls, const TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV = 22016
pkg crypto/tls, const TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV uint16
# CL 107400043 crypto/tls: Added dynamic alternative to NameToCertificate map for SNI, Percy Wegmann <ox.to.a.cart@gmail.com>
pkg crypto/tls, type ClientHelloInfo struct
pkg crypto/tls, type ClientHelloInfo struct, CipherSuites []uint16
pkg crypto/tls, type ClientHelloInfo struct, ServerName string
pkg crypto/tls, type ClientHelloInfo struct, SupportedCurves []CurveID
pkg crypto/tls, type ClientHelloInfo struct, SupportedPoints []uint8
pkg crypto/tls, type Config struct, GetCertificate func(*ClientHelloInfo) (*Certificate, error)
pkg crypto/tls, type ConnectionState struct, TLSUnique []uint8
# CL 153420045 crypto/x509: continue to recognise MaxPathLen of zero as "no value"., Adam Langley <agl@golang.org>
pkg crypto/x509, type Certificate struct, MaxPathLenZero bool
# CL 158950043 database/sql: add Drivers, returning list of registered drivers, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg database/sql, func Drivers() []string
# CL 117280043 debug/dwarf: fix Reader panic on DW_TAG_unspecified_type, Derek Parker <parkerderek86@gmail.com>
pkg debug/dwarf, method (*UnspecifiedType) Basic() *BasicType
pkg debug/dwarf, method (*UnspecifiedType) Common() *CommonType
pkg debug/dwarf, method (*UnspecifiedType) Size() int64
pkg debug/dwarf, method (*UnspecifiedType) String() string
pkg debug/dwarf, type UnspecifiedType struct
pkg debug/dwarf, type UnspecifiedType struct, embedded BasicType
# CL 132000043 debug/elf: support arm64 relocations, Michael Hudson-Doyle <michael.hudson@linaro.org>
pkg debug/elf, const EM_AARCH64 = 183
pkg debug/elf, const EM_AARCH64 Machine
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ABS16 = 259
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ABS16 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ABS32 = 258
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ABS32 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ABS64 = 257
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ABS64 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC = 277
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_GOT_PAGE = 311
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_GOT_PAGE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_LO21 = 274
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_LO21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 = 275
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21_NC = 276
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_CALL26 = 283
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_CALL26 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_CONDBR19 = 280
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_CONDBR19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_COPY = 1024
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_COPY R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_GLOB_DAT = 1025
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_GLOB_DAT R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_GOT_LD_PREL19 = 309
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_GOT_LD_PREL19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_IRELATIVE = 1032
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_IRELATIVE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_JUMP26 = 282
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_JUMP26 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_JUMP_SLOT = 1026
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_JUMP_SLOT R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LD64_GOT_LO12_NC = 312
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LD64_GOT_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC = 299
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC = 284
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC = 285
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC = 286
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC = 278
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LD_PREL_LO19 = 273
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_LD_PREL_LO19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G0 = 270
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G0 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G1 = 271
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G2 = 272
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_SABS_G2 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G0 = 263
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G0 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G0_NC = 264
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G0_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G1 = 265
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G1_NC = 266
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G1_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G2 = 267
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G2 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G2_NC = 268
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G2_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G3 = 269
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_MOVW_UABS_G3 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_NONE = 0
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_NONE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_NULL = 256
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_NULL R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ABS16 = 2
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ABS16 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ABS32 = 1
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ABS32 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC = 12
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADD_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADR_GOT_PAGE = 26
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADR_GOT_PAGE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADR_PREL_LO21 = 10
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADR_PREL_LO21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 = 11
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_ADR_PREL_PG_HI21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_CALL26 = 21
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_CALL26 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_CONDBR19 = 19
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_CONDBR19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_COPY = 180
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_COPY R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_GLOB_DAT = 181
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_GLOB_DAT R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_GOT_LD_PREL19 = 25
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_GOT_LD_PREL19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_IRELATIVE = 188
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_IRELATIVE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_JUMP26 = 20
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_JUMP26 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_JUMP_SLOT = 182
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_JUMP_SLOT R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LD32_GOT_LO12_NC = 27
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LD32_GOT_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC = 17
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST128_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC = 14
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST16_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC = 15
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST32_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC = 16
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST64_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC = 13
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LDST8_ABS_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LD_PREL_LO19 = 9
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_LD_PREL_LO19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_SABS_G0 = 8
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_SABS_G0 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_UABS_G0 = 5
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_UABS_G0 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_UABS_G0_NC = 6
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_UABS_G0_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_UABS_G1 = 7
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_MOVW_UABS_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_PREL16 = 4
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_PREL16 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_PREL32 = 3
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_PREL32 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_RELATIVE = 183
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_RELATIVE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC = 187
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC = 126
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21 = 124
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_ADR_PREL21 = 123
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_ADR_PREL21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_CALL = 127
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_CALL R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_LD32_LO12_NC = 125
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_LD32_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_LD_PREL19 = 122
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSDESC_LD_PREL19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSGD_ADD_LO12_NC = 82
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSGD_ADD_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSGD_ADR_PAGE21 = 81
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSGD_ADR_PAGE21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21 = 103
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSIE_LD32_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC = 104
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSIE_LD32_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSIE_LD_GOTTPREL_PREL19 = 105
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSIE_LD_GOTTPREL_PREL19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_HI12 = 109
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_HI12 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12 = 110
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12_NC = 111
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0 = 107
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0_NC = 108
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G1 = 106
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLS_DTPMOD = 184
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLS_DTPMOD R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLS_DTPREL = 185
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLS_DTPREL R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLS_TPREL = 186
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TLS_TPREL R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TSTBR14 = 18
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_P32_TSTBR14 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_PREL16 = 262
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_PREL16 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_PREL32 = 261
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_PREL32 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_PREL64 = 260
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_PREL64 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_RELATIVE = 1027
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_RELATIVE R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC = 1031
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD = 568
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC = 564
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADD_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21 = 562
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PAGE21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PREL21 = 561
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_ADR_PREL21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL = 569
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_CALL R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC = 563
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD64_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LDR = 567
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LDR R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD_PREL19 = 560
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_LD_PREL19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_OFF_G0_NC = 566
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_OFF_G0_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_OFF_G1 = 565
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSDESC_OFF_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSGD_ADD_LO12_NC = 514
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSGD_ADD_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSGD_ADR_PAGE21 = 513
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSGD_ADR_PAGE21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21 = 541
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_ADR_GOTTPREL_PAGE21 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC = 542
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD64_GOTTPREL_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD_GOTTPREL_PREL19 = 543
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_LD_GOTTPREL_PREL19 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_MOVW_GOTTPREL_G0_NC = 540
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_MOVW_GOTTPREL_G0_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_MOVW_GOTTPREL_G1 = 539
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSIE_MOVW_GOTTPREL_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_HI12 = 549
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_HI12 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12 = 550
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12_NC = 551
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_ADD_TPREL_LO12_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0 = 547
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0_NC = 548
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G0_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G1 = 545
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G1 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G1_NC = 546
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G1_NC R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G2 = 544
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLSLE_MOVW_TPREL_G2 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLS_DTPMOD64 = 1028
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLS_DTPMOD64 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLS_DTPREL64 = 1029
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLS_DTPREL64 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLS_TPREL64 = 1030
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TLS_TPREL64 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TSTBR14 = 279
pkg debug/elf, const R_AARCH64_TSTBR14 R_AARCH64
pkg debug/elf, method (R_AARCH64) GoString() string
pkg debug/elf, method (R_AARCH64) String() string
pkg debug/elf, type R_AARCH64 int
# CL 107530043 debug/elf: add (*File).DynamicSymbols, ErrNoSymbols, and tests for (*File).Symbols and (*File).DynamicSymbols, and formalize symbol order., Pietro Gagliardi <pietro10@mac.com>
pkg debug/elf, method (*File) DynamicSymbols() ([]Symbol, error)
pkg debug/elf, var ErrNoSymbols error
# CL 106460044 debug/plan9obj, cmd/addr2line: on Plan 9 use a.out header, Aram Hăvărneanu <aram@mgk.ro>
pkg debug/plan9obj, type FileHeader struct, HdrSize uint64
pkg debug/plan9obj, type FileHeader struct, LoadAddress uint64
# CL 122960043 encoding/xml: add InputOffset method to Decoder, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg encoding/xml, method (*Decoder) InputOffset() int64
# CL 124940043 cmd/go, go/build: implement import comment checking, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg go/build, const ImportComment = 4
pkg go/build, const ImportComment ImportMode
pkg go/build, type Package struct, ImportComment string
# CL 155050043 go/build: Return MultiplePackageError on importing a dir containing multiple packages, Jens Frederich <jfrederich@gmail.com>
pkg go/build, method (*MultiplePackageError) Error() string
pkg go/build, type MultiplePackageError struct
pkg go/build, type MultiplePackageError struct, Dir string
pkg go/build, type MultiplePackageError struct, Files []string
pkg go/build, type MultiplePackageError struct, Packages []string
# CL 135110044 go/token: implement PositionFor accessors, Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
pkg go/token, method (*File) PositionFor(Pos, bool) Position
pkg go/token, method (*FileSet) PositionFor(Pos, bool) Position
# CL 109000049 image: add RGBAAt, Gray16At, etc., ChaiShushan <chaishushan@gmail.com>
pkg image, method (*Alpha) AlphaAt(int, int) color.Alpha
pkg image, method (*Alpha16) Alpha16At(int, int) color.Alpha16
pkg image, method (*Gray) GrayAt(int, int) color.Gray
pkg image, method (*Gray16) Gray16At(int, int) color.Gray16
pkg image, method (*NRGBA) NRGBAAt(int, int) color.NRGBA
pkg image, method (*NRGBA64) NRGBA64At(int, int) color.NRGBA64
pkg image, method (*RGBA) RGBAAt(int, int) color.RGBA
pkg image, method (*RGBA64) RGBA64At(int, int) color.RGBA64
pkg image, method (*YCbCr) YCbCrAt(int, int) color.YCbCr
# CL 129190043 png: make the encoder configurable, Jeff R. Allen <jra@nella.org>
pkg image/png, const BestCompression = -3
pkg image/png, const BestCompression CompressionLevel
pkg image/png, const BestSpeed = -2
pkg image/png, const BestSpeed CompressionLevel
pkg image/png, const DefaultCompression = 0
pkg image/png, const DefaultCompression CompressionLevel
pkg image/png, const NoCompression = -1
pkg image/png, const NoCompression CompressionLevel
pkg image/png, method (*Encoder) Encode(io.Writer, image.Image) error
pkg image/png, type CompressionLevel int
pkg image/png, type Encoder struct
pkg image/png, type Encoder struct, CompressionLevel CompressionLevel
# CL 101750048 math: implement Nextafter32, Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
pkg math, func Nextafter32(float32, float32) float32
# CL 93550043 math/big: implement Rat.Float32, Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
pkg math/big, method (*Rat) Float32() (float32, bool)
# CL 76540043 net/http: add BasicAuth method to *http.Request, Kelsey Hightower <kelsey.hightower@gmail.com>
pkg net/http, method (*Request) BasicAuth() (string, string, bool)
# CL 137940043 net/http: add Transport.DialTLS hook, Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
pkg net/http, type Transport struct, DialTLS func(string, string) (net.Conn, error)
# CL 132750043 net/http/httputil: Pass a Logger to ReverseProxy, allowing the user to control logging., Mark Theunissen <mark.theunissen@gmail.com>
pkg net/http/httputil, type ReverseProxy struct, ErrorLog *log.Logger
# CL 148370043 os, syscall: add Unsetenv, Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
pkg os, func Unsetenv(string) error
pkg syscall, func Unsetenv(string) error
# CL 144020043 reflect: add Type.Comparable, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg reflect, type Type interface, Comparable() bool
# CL 153670043 runtime: add PauseEnd array to MemStats and GCStats, Jens Frederich <jfrederich@gmail.com>
pkg runtime, type MemStats struct, PauseEnd [256]uint64
pkg runtime/debug, type GCStats struct, PauseEnd []time.Time
# CL 136710045 sync/atomic: add Value, Dmitriy Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
pkg sync/atomic, method (*Value) Load() interface{}
pkg sync/atomic, method (*Value) Store(interface{})
pkg sync/atomic, type Value struct
# CL 126190043 syscall: support UID/GID map files for Linux user namespaces, Mrunal Patel <mrunalp@gmail.com>
pkg syscall (linux-386), type SysProcAttr struct, GidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-386), type SysProcAttr struct, UidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-386), type SysProcIDMap struct
pkg syscall (linux-386), type SysProcIDMap struct, ContainerID int
pkg syscall (linux-386), type SysProcIDMap struct, HostID int
pkg syscall (linux-386), type SysProcIDMap struct, Size int
pkg syscall (linux-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, GidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-386-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, UidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-386-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct
pkg syscall (linux-386-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, ContainerID int
pkg syscall (linux-386-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, HostID int
pkg syscall (linux-386-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, Size int
pkg syscall (linux-amd64), type SysProcAttr struct, GidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-amd64), type SysProcAttr struct, UidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-amd64), type SysProcIDMap struct
pkg syscall (linux-amd64), type SysProcIDMap struct, ContainerID int
pkg syscall (linux-amd64), type SysProcIDMap struct, HostID int
pkg syscall (linux-amd64), type SysProcIDMap struct, Size int
pkg syscall (linux-amd64-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, GidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-amd64-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, UidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-amd64-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct
pkg syscall (linux-amd64-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, ContainerID int
pkg syscall (linux-amd64-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, HostID int
pkg syscall (linux-amd64-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, Size int
pkg syscall (linux-arm), type SysProcAttr struct, GidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-arm), type SysProcAttr struct, UidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-arm), type SysProcIDMap struct
pkg syscall (linux-arm), type SysProcIDMap struct, ContainerID int
pkg syscall (linux-arm), type SysProcIDMap struct, HostID int
pkg syscall (linux-arm), type SysProcIDMap struct, Size int
pkg syscall (linux-arm-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, GidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-arm-cgo), type SysProcAttr struct, UidMappings []SysProcIDMap
pkg syscall (linux-arm-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct
pkg syscall (linux-arm-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, ContainerID int
pkg syscall (linux-arm-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, HostID int
pkg syscall (linux-arm-cgo), type SysProcIDMap struct, Size int
# CL 122200043 net: fix CNAME resolving on Windows, Egon Elbre <egonelbre@gmail.com>
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DNS_INFO_NO_RECORDS = 9501
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DNS_INFO_NO_RECORDS ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionAdditional = 3
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionAdditional ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionAnswer = 1
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionAnswer ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionAuthority = 2
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionAuthority ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionQuestion = 0
pkg syscall (windows-386), const DnsSectionQuestion ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), func DnsNameCompare(*uint16, *uint16) bool
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DNS_INFO_NO_RECORDS = 9501
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DNS_INFO_NO_RECORDS ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionAdditional = 3
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionAdditional ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionAnswer = 1
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionAnswer ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionAuthority = 2
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionAuthority ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionQuestion = 0
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const DnsSectionQuestion ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func DnsNameCompare(*uint16, *uint16) bool
# CL 86160044 os: Implement symlink support for Windows, Michael Fraenkel <michael.fraenkel@gmail.com>
pkg syscall (windows-386), const ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD = 1314
pkg syscall (windows-386), const ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD Errno
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD = 1314
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD Errno
# CL 86160044 os: Implement symlink support for Windows, Michael Fraenkel <michael.fraenkel@gmail.com>
pkg syscall (windows-386), const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT = 1024
pkg syscall (windows-386), const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT = 2097152
pkg syscall (windows-386), const FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT = 589992
pkg syscall (windows-386), const FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK = 2684354572
pkg syscall (windows-386), const IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE = 16384
pkg syscall (windows-386), const MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_DIRECTORY = 1
pkg syscall (windows-386), const SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_DIRECTORY ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), func CreateHardLink(*uint16, *uint16, uintptr) error
pkg syscall (windows-386), func CreateSymbolicLink(*uint16, *uint16, uint32) error
pkg syscall (windows-386), func DeviceIoControl(Handle, uint32, *uint8, uint32, *uint8, uint32, *uint32, *Overlapped) error
pkg syscall (windows-386), func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT = 1024
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT = 2097152
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const FILE_FLAG_OPEN_REPARSE_POINT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT = 589992
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const FSCTL_GET_REPARSE_POINT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK = 2684354572
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE = 16384
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_DIRECTORY = 1
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const SYMBOLIC_LINK_FLAG_DIRECTORY ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func CreateHardLink(*uint16, *uint16, uintptr) error
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func CreateSymbolicLink(*uint16, *uint16, uint32) error
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func DeviceIoControl(Handle, uint32, *uint8, uint32, *uint8, uint32, *uint32, *Overlapped) error
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func LoadCreateSymbolicLink() error
# CL 149510043 net: disable SIO_UDP_CONNRESET behavior on windows., Ron Hashimoto <mail@h2so5.net>
pkg syscall (windows-386), const SIO_UDP_CONNRESET = 2550136844
pkg syscall (windows-386), const SIO_UDP_CONNRESET ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const SIO_UDP_CONNRESET = 2550136844
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const SIO_UDP_CONNRESET ideal-int
# CL 102320044 syscall: implement syscall.Getppid() on Windows, Alan Shreve <alan@inconshreveable.com>
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_INHERIT = 2147483648
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_INHERIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPALL = 15
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPALL ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST = 1
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE = 8
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE32 = 16
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE32 ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS = 2
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD = 4
pkg syscall (windows-386), const TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-386), func CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(uint32, uint32) (Handle, error)
pkg syscall (windows-386), func Process32First(Handle, *ProcessEntry32) error
pkg syscall (windows-386), func Process32Next(Handle, *ProcessEntry32) error
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, DefaultHeapID uintptr
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ExeFile [260]uint16
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Flags uint32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ModuleID uint32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ParentProcessID uint32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, PriClassBase int32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ProcessID uint32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Size uint32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Threads uint32
pkg syscall (windows-386), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Usage uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_INHERIT = 2147483648
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_INHERIT ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPALL = 15
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPALL ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST = 1
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPHEAPLIST ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE = 8
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE32 = 16
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPMODULE32 ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS = 2
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD = 4
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), const TH32CS_SNAPTHREAD ideal-int
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(uint32, uint32) (Handle, error)
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func Process32First(Handle, *ProcessEntry32) error
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func Process32Next(Handle, *ProcessEntry32) error
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, DefaultHeapID uintptr
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ExeFile [260]uint16
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Flags uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ModuleID uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ParentProcessID uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, PriClassBase int32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, ProcessID uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Size uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Threads uint32
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), type ProcessEntry32 struct, Usage uint32
# CL 127740043 os: make SameFile handle paths like c:a.txt properly, Alex Brainman <alex.brainman@gmail.com>
pkg syscall (windows-386), func FullPath(string) (string, error)
pkg syscall (windows-amd64), func FullPath(string) (string, error)
# CL 98150043 testing: add Coverage function, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg testing, func Coverage() float64
# CL 148770043 cmd/go, testing: add TestMain support, Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
pkg testing, func MainStart(func(string, string) (bool, error), []InternalTest, []InternalBenchmark, []InternalExample) *M
pkg testing, method (*M) Run() int
pkg testing, type M struct
# CL 108030044 text/scanner: provide facility for custom identifiers, Robert Griesemer <gri@golang.org>
pkg text/scanner, type Scanner struct, IsIdentRune func(int32, int) bool
# CL 130620043 text/template: add back pointer to Nodes for better error generation, Rob Pike <r@golang.org>
pkg text/template/parse, type DotNode struct, embedded NodeType
pkg text/template/parse, type NilNode struct, embedded NodeType
pkg text/template/parse, method (*BranchNode) Copy() Node
pkg text/template/parse, method (*IdentifierNode) SetTree(*Tree) *IdentifierNode
pkg html/template, type Error struct, Node parse.Node
# CL 127470043 unicode: strconv: regexp: Upgrade to Unicode 7.0.0., Marcel van Lohuizen <mpvl@golang.org>
pkg unicode, const Version = "7.0.0"
pkg unicode, var Bassa_Vah *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Caucasian_Albanian *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Duployan *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Elbasan *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Grantha *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Khojki *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Khudawadi *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Linear_A *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Mahajani *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Manichaean *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Mende_Kikakui *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Modi *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Mro *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Nabataean *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Old_North_Arabian *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Old_Permic *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Pahawh_Hmong *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Palmyrene *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Pau_Cin_Hau *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Psalter_Pahlavi *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Siddham *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Tirhuta *RangeTable
pkg unicode, var Warang_Citi *RangeTable

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@@ -1,249 +0,0 @@
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR14 = 7
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR14 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR14_BRNTAKEN = 9
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR14_BRNTAKEN R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR14_BRTAKEN = 8
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR14_BRTAKEN R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16 = 3
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_DS = 56
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HA = 6
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HI = 5
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHER = 39
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHER R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHERA = 40
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHERA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHEST = 41
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHEST R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHESTA = 42
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_HIGHESTA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO = 4
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO_DS = 57
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR24 = 2
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR24 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR32 = 1
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR32 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR64 = 38
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_ADDR64 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPMOD64 = 68
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPMOD64 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16 = 74
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_DS = 101
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HA = 77
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HI = 76
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHER = 103
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHER R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHERA = 104
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHERA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHEST = 105
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHEST R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHESTA = 106
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_HIGHESTA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_LO = 75
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_LO_DS = 102
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL64 = 78
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_DTPREL64 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16 = 14
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_DS = 58
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_HA = 17
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_HI = 16
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_LO = 15
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_LO_DS = 59
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_DS = 91
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_HA = 94
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_HI = 93
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_LO_DS = 92
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_DTPREL16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16 = 79
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16_HA = 82
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16_HI = 81
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16_LO = 80
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSGD16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16 = 83
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16_HA = 86
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16_HI = 85
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16_LO = 84
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TLSLD16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_DS = 87
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_HA = 90
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_HI = 89
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_LO_DS = 88
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_GOT_TPREL16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_JMP_SLOT = 21
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_JMP_SLOT R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_NONE = 0
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_NONE R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL14 = 11
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL14 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL14_BRNTAKEN = 13
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL14_BRNTAKEN R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL14_BRTAKEN = 12
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL14_BRTAKEN R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16 = 249
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16_HA = 252
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16_HI = 251
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16_LO = 250
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL24 = 10
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL24 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL32 = 26
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL32 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL64 = 44
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_REL64 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TLS = 67
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TLS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TLSGD = 107
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TLSGD R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TLSLD = 108
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TLSLD R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC = 51
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16 = 47
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_DS = 63
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_HA = 50
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_HI = 49
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_LO = 48
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_LO_DS = 64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TOC16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16 = 69
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_DS = 95
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HA = 72
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HI = 71
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HI R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHER = 97
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHER R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHERA = 98
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHERA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHEST = 99
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHEST R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHESTA = 100
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_HIGHESTA R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_LO = 70
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_LO R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_LO_DS = 96
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL16_LO_DS R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL64 = 73
pkg debug/elf, const R_PPC64_TPREL64 R_PPC64
pkg debug/elf, method (R_PPC64) GoString() string
pkg debug/elf, method (R_PPC64) String() string
pkg debug/elf, type R_PPC64 int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_PROF = 2
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_PROF ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_REALTIME = 0
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_REALTIME ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL = 1
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CTL_HW = 6
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const CTL_HW ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const EAGAIN = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const EAGAIN ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const ENOTSUP = 91
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const ENOTSUP ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const ESRCH = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const ESRCH ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const EWOULDBLOCK = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const EWOULDBLOCK ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const HW_NCPU = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-386), const HW_NCPU ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_PROF = 2
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_PROF ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_REALTIME = 0
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_REALTIME ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL = 1
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CTL_HW = 6
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const CTL_HW ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const EAGAIN = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const EAGAIN ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const ENOTSUP = 91
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const ENOTSUP ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const ESRCH = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const ESRCH ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const EWOULDBLOCK = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const EWOULDBLOCK ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const HW_NCPU = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-386-cgo), const HW_NCPU ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_PROF = 2
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_PROF ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_REALTIME = 0
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_REALTIME ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL = 1
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CTL_HW = 6
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const CTL_HW ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const EAGAIN = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const EAGAIN ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const ENOTSUP = 91
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const ENOTSUP ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const ESRCH = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const ESRCH ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const EWOULDBLOCK = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const EWOULDBLOCK ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const HW_NCPU = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64), const HW_NCPU ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_MONOTONIC ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_PROF = 2
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_PROF ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_REALTIME = 0
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_REALTIME ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL = 1
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CLOCK_VIRTUAL ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CTL_HW = 6
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const CTL_HW ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EAGAIN = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EAGAIN ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const ENOTSUP = 91
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const ENOTSUP ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const ESRCH = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const ESRCH ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EWOULDBLOCK = 35
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const EWOULDBLOCK ideal-int
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const HW_NCPU = 3
pkg runtime (openbsd-amd64-cgo), const HW_NCPU ideal-int

32
doc/Makefile Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
# Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
RAWHTML=\
articles/defer_panic_recover.rawhtml\
articles/error_handling.rawhtml\
articles/slices_usage_and_internals.rawhtml\
articles/laws_of_reflection.rawhtml\
articles/c_go_cgo.rawhtml\
articles/concurrency_patterns.rawhtml\
articles/godoc_documenting_go_code.rawhtml\
articles/gobs_of_data.rawhtml\
articles/json_and_go.rawhtml\
articles/json_rpc_tale_of_interfaces.rawhtml\
articles/image_draw.rawhtml\
articles/image_package.rawhtml\
effective_go.rawhtml\
go1.rawhtml\
all: $(RAWHTML)
%.rawhtml: %.html
godoc -url /doc/$< >$@
clean:
rm -f $(RAWHTML)
compare:
for i in $(RAWHTML); do \
godoc -url /doc/$${i/.rawhtml/.html} | diff -u $$i -; \
done

View File

@@ -78,18 +78,17 @@ well-established conventions.</p>
source code. For Bitbucket, GitHub, Google Code, and Launchpad, the
root directory of the repository is identified by the repository's
main URL, without the <code>http://</code> prefix. Subdirectories are named by
adding to that path.
For example, the Go example programs are obtained by running</p>
adding to that path. For example, the supplemental networking
libraries for Go are obtained by running</p>
<pre>
git clone https://github.com/golang/example
hg clone http://code.google.com/p/go.net
</pre>
<p>and thus the import path for the root directory of that repository is
"<code>github.com/golang/example</code>".
The <a href="https://godoc.org/github.com/golang/example/stringutil">stringutil</a>
package is stored in a subdirectory, so its import path is
"<code>github.com/golang/example/stringutil</code>".</p>
"<code>code.google.com/p/go.net</code>". The websocket package is stored in a
subdirectory, so its import path is
"<code>code.google.com/p/go.net/websocket</code>".</p>
<p>These paths are on the long side, but in exchange we get an
automatically managed name space for import paths and the ability for
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@ deduce where to obtain the source code.</p>
in a known way from the import path. Specifically, the first choice
is <code>$GOPATH/src/&lt;import-path&gt;</code>. If <code>$GOPATH</code> is
unset, the go command will fall back to storing source code alongside the
standard Go packages, in <code>$GOROOT/src/&lt;import-path&gt;</code>.
standard Go packages, in <code>$GOROOT/src/pkg/&lt;import-path&gt;</code>.
If <code>$GOPATH</code> is set to a list of paths, the go command tries
<code>&lt;dir&gt;/src/&lt;import-path&gt;</code> for each of the directories in
that list.</p>

View File

@@ -1,389 +0,0 @@
<!--{
"Title": "Data Race Detector",
"Template": true
}-->
<h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2>
<p>
Data races are among the most common and hardest to debug types of bugs in concurrent systems.
A data race occurs when two goroutines access the same variable concurrently and at least one of the accesses is a write.
See the <a href="/ref/mem/">The Go Memory Model</a> for details.
</p>
<p>
Here is an example of a data race that can lead to crashes and memory corruption:
</p>
<pre>
func main() {
c := make(chan bool)
m := make(map[string]string)
go func() {
m["1"] = "a" // First conflicting access.
c &lt;- true
}()
m["2"] = "b" // Second conflicting access.
&lt;-c
for k, v := range m {
fmt.Println(k, v)
}
}
</pre>
<h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2>
<p>
To help diagnose such bugs, Go includes a built-in data race detector.
To use it, add the <code>-race</code> flag to the go command:
</p>
<pre>
$ go test -race mypkg // to test the package
$ go run -race mysrc.go // to run the source file
$ go build -race mycmd // to build the command
$ go install -race mypkg // to install the package
</pre>
<h2 id="Report_Format">Report Format</h2>
<p>
When the race detector finds a data race in the program, it prints a report.
The report contains stack traces for conflicting accesses, as well as stacks where the involved goroutines were created.
Here is an example:
</p>
<pre>
WARNING: DATA RACE
Read by goroutine 185:
net.(*pollServer).AddFD()
src/net/fd_unix.go:89 +0x398
net.(*pollServer).WaitWrite()
src/net/fd_unix.go:247 +0x45
net.(*netFD).Write()
src/net/fd_unix.go:540 +0x4d4
net.(*conn).Write()
src/net/net.go:129 +0x101
net.func·060()
src/net/timeout_test.go:603 +0xaf
Previous write by goroutine 184:
net.setWriteDeadline()
src/net/sockopt_posix.go:135 +0xdf
net.setDeadline()
src/net/sockopt_posix.go:144 +0x9c
net.(*conn).SetDeadline()
src/net/net.go:161 +0xe3
net.func·061()
src/net/timeout_test.go:616 +0x3ed
Goroutine 185 (running) created at:
net.func·061()
src/net/timeout_test.go:609 +0x288
Goroutine 184 (running) created at:
net.TestProlongTimeout()
src/net/timeout_test.go:618 +0x298
testing.tRunner()
src/testing/testing.go:301 +0xe8
</pre>
<h2 id="Options">Options</h2>
<p>
The <code>GORACE</code> environment variable sets race detector options.
The format is:
</p>
<pre>
GORACE="option1=val1 option2=val2"
</pre>
<p>
The options are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<code>log_path</code> (default <code>stderr</code>): The race detector writes
its report to a file named <code>log_path.<em>pid</em></code>.
The special names <code>stdout</code>
and <code>stderr</code> cause reports to be written to standard output and
standard error, respectively.
</li>
<li>
<code>exitcode</code> (default <code>66</code>): The exit status to use when
exiting after a detected race.
</li>
<li>
<code>strip_path_prefix</code> (default <code>""</code>): Strip this prefix
from all reported file paths, to make reports more concise.
</li>
<li>
<code>history_size</code> (default <code>1</code>): The per-goroutine memory
access history is <code>32K * 2**history_size elements</code>.
Increasing this value can avoid a "failed to restore the stack" error in reports, at the
cost of increased memory usage.
</li>
<li>
<code>halt_on_error</code> (default <code>0</code>): Controls whether the program
exits after reporting first data race.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Example:
</p>
<pre>
$ GORACE="log_path=/tmp/race/report strip_path_prefix=/my/go/sources/" go test -race
</pre>
<h2 id="Excluding_Tests">Excluding Tests</h2>
<p>
When you build with <code>-race</code> flag, the <code>go</code> command defines additional
<a href="/pkg/go/build/#hdr-Build_Constraints">build tag</a> <code>race</code>.
You can use the tag to exclude some code and tests when running the race detector.
Some examples:
</p>
<pre>
// +build !race
package foo
// The test contains a data race. See issue 123.
func TestFoo(t *testing.T) {
// ...
}
// The test fails under the race detector due to timeouts.
func TestBar(t *testing.T) {
// ...
}
// The test takes too long under the race detector.
func TestBaz(t *testing.T) {
// ...
}
</pre>
<h2 id="How_To_Use">How To Use</h2>
<p>
To start, run your tests using the race detector (<code>go test -race</code>).
The race detector only finds races that happen at runtime, so it can't find
races in code paths that are not executed.
If your tests have incomplete coverage,
you may find more races by running a binary built with <code>-race</code> under a realistic
workload.
</p>
<h2 id="Typical_Data_Races">Typical Data Races</h2>
<p>
Here are some typical data races. All of them can be detected with the race detector.
</p>
<h3 id="Race_on_loop_counter">Race on loop counter</h3>
<pre>
func main() {
var wg sync.WaitGroup
wg.Add(5)
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
go func() {
fmt.Println(i) // Not the 'i' you are looking for.
wg.Done()
}()
}
wg.Wait()
}
</pre>
<p>
The variable <code>i</code> in the function literal is the same variable used by the loop, so
the read in the goroutine races with the loop increment.
(This program typically prints 55555, not 01234.)
The program can be fixed by making a copy of the variable:
</p>
<pre>
func main() {
var wg sync.WaitGroup
wg.Add(5)
for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
go func(j int) {
fmt.Println(j) // Good. Read local copy of the loop counter.
wg.Done()
}(i)
}
wg.Wait()
}
</pre>
<h3 id="Accidentally_shared_variable">Accidentally shared variable</h3>
<pre>
// ParallelWrite writes data to file1 and file2, returns the errors.
func ParallelWrite(data []byte) chan error {
res := make(chan error, 2)
f1, err := os.Create("file1")
if err != nil {
res &lt;- err
} else {
go func() {
// This err is shared with the main goroutine,
// so the write races with the write below.
_, err = f1.Write(data)
res &lt;- err
f1.Close()
}()
}
f2, err := os.Create("file2") // The second conflicting write to err.
if err != nil {
res &lt;- err
} else {
go func() {
_, err = f2.Write(data)
res &lt;- err
f2.Close()
}()
}
return res
}
</pre>
<p>
The fix is to introduce new variables in the goroutines (note the use of <code>:=</code>):
</p>
<pre>
...
_, err := f1.Write(data)
...
_, err := f2.Write(data)
...
</pre>
<h3 id="Unprotected_global_variable">Unprotected global variable</h3>
<p>
If the following code is called from several goroutines, it leads to races on the <code>service</code> map.
Concurrent reads and writes of the same map are not safe:
</p>
<pre>
var service map[string]net.Addr
func RegisterService(name string, addr net.Addr) {
service[name] = addr
}
func LookupService(name string) net.Addr {
return service[name]
}
</pre>
<p>
To make the code safe, protect the accesses with a mutex:
</p>
<pre>
var (
service map[string]net.Addr
serviceMu sync.Mutex
)
func RegisterService(name string, addr net.Addr) {
serviceMu.Lock()
defer serviceMu.Unlock()
service[name] = addr
}
func LookupService(name string) net.Addr {
serviceMu.Lock()
defer serviceMu.Unlock()
return service[name]
}
</pre>
<h3 id="Primitive_unprotected_variable">Primitive unprotected variable</h3>
<p>
Data races can happen on variables of primitive types as well (<code>bool</code>, <code>int</code>, <code>int64</code>, etc.),
as in this example:
</p>
<pre>
type Watchdog struct{ last int64 }
func (w *Watchdog) KeepAlive() {
w.last = time.Now().UnixNano() // First conflicting access.
}
func (w *Watchdog) Start() {
go func() {
for {
time.Sleep(time.Second)
// Second conflicting access.
if w.last < time.Now().Add(-10*time.Second).UnixNano() {
fmt.Println("No keepalives for 10 seconds. Dying.")
os.Exit(1)
}
}
}()
}
</pre>
<p>
Even such "innocent" data races can lead to hard-to-debug problems caused by
non-atomicity of the memory accesses,
interference with compiler optimizations,
or reordering issues accessing processor memory .
</p>
<p>
A typical fix for this race is to use a channel or a mutex.
To preserve the lock-free behavior, one can also use the
<a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/"><code>sync/atomic</code></a> package.
</p>
<pre>
type Watchdog struct{ last int64 }
func (w *Watchdog) KeepAlive() {
atomic.StoreInt64(&amp;w.last, time.Now().UnixNano())
}
func (w *Watchdog) Start() {
go func() {
for {
time.Sleep(time.Second)
if atomic.LoadInt64(&amp;w.last) < time.Now().Add(-10*time.Second).UnixNano() {
fmt.Println("No keepalives for 10 seconds. Dying.")
os.Exit(1)
}
}
}()
}
</pre>
<h2 id="Supported_Systems">Supported Systems</h2>
<p>
The race detector runs on <code>darwin/amd64</code>, <code>freebsd/amd64</code>,
<code>linux/amd64</code>, and <code>windows/amd64</code>.
</p>
<h2 id="Runtime_Overheads">Runtime Overhead</h2>
<p>
The cost of race detection varies by program, but for a typical program, memory
usage may increase by 5-10x and execution time by 2-20x.
</p>

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
# Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
all: index.html
CLEANFILES:=get.bin final-test.bin a.out
clean:
rm -f $(CLEANFILES)

View File

@@ -5,19 +5,12 @@
package main
import (
"flag"
"html/template"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"net"
"net/http"
"regexp"
)
var (
addr = flag.Bool("addr", false, "find open address and print to final-port.txt")
)
type Page struct {
Title string
Body []byte
@@ -88,24 +81,8 @@ func makeHandler(fn func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request, string)) http.Handl
}
func main() {
flag.Parse()
http.HandleFunc("/view/", makeHandler(viewHandler))
http.HandleFunc("/edit/", makeHandler(editHandler))
http.HandleFunc("/save/", makeHandler(saveHandler))
if *addr {
l, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
err = ioutil.WriteFile("final-port.txt", []byte(l.Addr().String()), 0644)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
s := &http.Server{}
s.Serve(l)
return
}
http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

View File

@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@ header to the HTTP response.
<p>
The function <code>saveHandler</code> will handle the submission of forms
located on the edit pages. After uncommenting the related line in
<code>main</code>, let's implement the handler:
<code>main</code>, let's implement the the handler:
</p>
{{code "doc/articles/wiki/final-template.go" `/^func saveHandler/` `/^}/`}}

View File

@@ -7,12 +7,10 @@ set -e
wiki_pid=
cleanup() {
kill $wiki_pid
rm -f test_*.out Test.txt final.bin final-port.txt a.out get.bin
rm -f test_*.out Test.txt final-test.bin final-test.go a.out get.bin
}
trap cleanup 0 INT
rm -f get.bin final.bin a.out
# If called with -all, check that all code snippets compile.
if [ "$1" == "-all" ]; then
for fn in *.go; do
@@ -21,25 +19,13 @@ if [ "$1" == "-all" ]; then
fi
go build -o get.bin get.go
go build -o final.bin final.go
(./final.bin --addr) &
addr=$(./get.bin -addr)
sed s/:8080/$addr/ < final.go > final-test.go
go build -o final-test.bin final-test.go
(./final-test.bin) &
wiki_pid=$!
l=0
while [ ! -f ./final-port.txt ]
do
l=$(($l+1))
if [ "$l" -gt 5 ]
then
echo "port not available within 5 seconds"
exit 1
break
fi
sleep 1
done
addr=$(cat final-port.txt)
./get.bin http://$addr/edit/Test > test_edit.out
./get.bin --wait_for_port=5s http://$addr/edit/Test > test_edit.out
diff -u test_edit.out test_edit.good
./get.bin -post=body=some%20content http://$addr/save/Test > test_save.out
diff -u test_save.out test_view.good # should be the same as viewing

View File

@@ -1,541 +0,0 @@
<!--{
"Title": "A Quick Guide to Go's Assembler",
"Path": "/doc/asm"
}-->
<h2 id="introduction">A Quick Guide to Go's Assembler</h2>
<p>
This document is a quick outline of the unusual form of assembly language used by the <code>gc</code>
suite of Go compilers (<code>6g</code>, <code>8g</code>, etc.).
The document is not comprehensive.
</p>
<p>
The assembler is based on the input to the Plan 9 assemblers, which is documented in detail
<a href="http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sys/doc/asm.html">on the Plan 9 site</a>.
If you plan to write assembly language, you should read that document although much of it is Plan 9-specific.
This document provides a summary of the syntax and
describes the peculiarities that apply when writing assembly code to interact with Go.
</p>
<p>
The most important thing to know about Go's assembler is that it is not a direct representation of the underlying machine.
Some of the details map precisely to the machine, but some do not.
This is because the compiler suite (see
<a href="http://plan9.bell-labs.com/sys/doc/compiler.html">this description</a>)
needs no assembler pass in the usual pipeline.
Instead, the compiler emits a kind of incompletely defined instruction set, in binary form, which the linker
then completes.
In particular, the linker does instruction selection, so when you see an instruction like <code>MOV</code>
what the linker actually generates for that operation might not be a move instruction at all, perhaps a clear or load.
Or it might correspond exactly to the machine instruction with that name.
In general, machine-specific operations tend to appear as themselves, while more general concepts like
memory move and subroutine call and return are more abstract.
The details vary with architecture, and we apologize for the imprecision; the situation is not well-defined.
</p>
<p>
The assembler program is a way to generate that intermediate, incompletely defined instruction sequence
as input for the linker.
If you want to see what the instructions look like in assembly for a given architecture, say amd64, there
are many examples in the sources of the standard library, in packages such as
<a href="/pkg/runtime/"><code>runtime</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/math/big/"><code>math/big</code></a>.
You can also examine what the compiler emits as assembly code:
</p>
<pre>
$ cat x.go
package main
func main() {
println(3)
}
$ go tool 6g -S x.go # or: go build -gcflags -S x.go
--- prog list "main" ---
0000 (x.go:3) TEXT main+0(SB),$8-0
0001 (x.go:3) FUNCDATA $0,gcargs·0+0(SB)
0002 (x.go:3) FUNCDATA $1,gclocals·0+0(SB)
0003 (x.go:4) MOVQ $3,(SP)
0004 (x.go:4) PCDATA $0,$8
0005 (x.go:4) CALL ,runtime.printint+0(SB)
0006 (x.go:4) PCDATA $0,$-1
0007 (x.go:4) PCDATA $0,$0
0008 (x.go:4) CALL ,runtime.printnl+0(SB)
0009 (x.go:4) PCDATA $0,$-1
0010 (x.go:5) RET ,
...
</pre>
<p>
The <code>FUNCDATA</code> and <code>PCDATA</code> directives contain information
for use by the garbage collector; they are introduced by the compiler.
</p>
<!-- Commenting out because the feature is gone but it's popular and may come back.
<p>
To see what gets put in the binary after linking, add the <code>-a</code> flag to the linker:
</p>
<pre>
$ go tool 6l -a x.6 # or: go build -ldflags -a x.go
codeblk [0x2000,0x1d059) at offset 0x1000
002000 main.main | (3) TEXT main.main+0(SB),$8
002000 65488b0c25a0080000 | (3) MOVQ 2208(GS),CX
002009 483b21 | (3) CMPQ SP,(CX)
00200c 7707 | (3) JHI ,2015
00200e e83da20100 | (3) CALL ,1c250+runtime.morestack00
002013 ebeb | (3) JMP ,2000
002015 4883ec08 | (3) SUBQ $8,SP
002019 | (3) FUNCDATA $0,main.gcargs·0+0(SB)
002019 | (3) FUNCDATA $1,main.gclocals·0+0(SB)
002019 48c7042403000000 | (4) MOVQ $3,(SP)
002021 | (4) PCDATA $0,$8
002021 e8aad20000 | (4) CALL ,f2d0+runtime.printint
002026 | (4) PCDATA $0,$-1
002026 | (4) PCDATA $0,$0
002026 e865d40000 | (4) CALL ,f490+runtime.printnl
00202b | (4) PCDATA $0,$-1
00202b 4883c408 | (5) ADDQ $8,SP
00202f c3 | (5) RET ,
...
</pre>
-->
<h3 id="symbols">Symbols</h3>
<p>
Some symbols, such as <code>PC</code>, <code>R0</code> and <code>SP</code>, are predeclared and refer to registers.
There are two other predeclared symbols, <code>SB</code> (static base) and <code>FP</code> (frame pointer).
All user-defined symbols other than jump labels are written as offsets to these pseudo-registers.
</p>
<p>
The <code>SB</code> pseudo-register can be thought of as the origin of memory, so the symbol <code>foo(SB)</code>
is the name <code>foo</code> as an address in memory.
This form is used to name global functions and data.
Adding <code>&lt;&gt;</code> to the name, as in <code>foo&lt;&gt;(SB)</code>, makes the name
visible only in the current source file, like a top-level <code>static</code> declaration in a C file.
</p>
<p>
The <code>FP</code> pseudo-register is a virtual frame pointer
used to refer to function arguments.
The compilers maintain a virtual frame pointer and refer to the arguments on the stack as offsets from that pseudo-register.
Thus <code>0(FP)</code> is the first argument to the function,
<code>8(FP)</code> is the second (on a 64-bit machine), and so on.
When referring to a function argument this way, it is conventional to place the name
at the beginning, as in <code>first_arg+0(FP)</code> and <code>second_arg+8(FP)</code>.
Some of the assemblers enforce this convention, rejecting plain <code>0(FP)</code> and <code>8(FP)</code>.
For assembly functions with Go prototypes, <code>go</code> <code>vet</code> will check that the argument names
and offsets match.
On 32-bit systems, the low and high 32 bits of a 64-bit value are distinguished by adding
a <code>_lo</code> or <code>_hi</code> suffix to the name, as in <code>arg_lo+0(FP)</code> or <code>arg_hi+4(FP)</code>.
If a Go prototype does not name its result, the expected assembly name is <code>ret</code>.
</p>
<p>
The <code>SP</code> pseudo-register is a virtual stack pointer
used to refer to frame-local variables and the arguments being
prepared for function calls.
It points to the top of the local stack frame, so references should use negative offsets
in the range [framesize, 0):
<code>x-8(SP)</code>, <code>y-4(SP)</code>, and so on.
On architectures with a real register named <code>SP</code>, the name prefix distinguishes
references to the virtual stack pointer from references to the architectural <code>SP</code> register.
That is, <code>x-8(SP)</code> and <code>-8(SP)</code> are different memory locations:
the first refers to the virtual stack pointer pseudo-register, while the second refers to the
hardware's <code>SP</code> register.
</p>
<p>
Instructions, registers, and assembler directives are always in UPPER CASE to remind you
that assembly programming is a fraught endeavor.
(Exception: the <code>g</code> register renaming on ARM.)
</p>
<p>
In Go object files and binaries, the full name of a symbol is the
package path followed by a period and the symbol name:
<code>fmt.Printf</code> or <code>math/rand.Int</code>.
Because the assembler's parser treats period and slash as punctuation,
those strings cannot be used directly as identifier names.
Instead, the assembler allows the middle dot character U+00B7
and the division slash U+2215 in identifiers and rewrites them to
plain period and slash.
Within an assembler source file, the symbols above are written as
<code>fmt·Printf</code> and <code>mathrand·Int</code>.
The assembly listings generated by the compilers when using the <code>-S</code> flag
show the period and slash directly instead of the Unicode replacements
required by the assemblers.
</p>
<p>
Most hand-written assembly files do not include the full package path
in symbol names, because the linker inserts the package path of the current
object file at the beginning of any name starting with a period:
in an assembly source file within the math/rand package implementation,
the package's Int function can be referred to as <code>·Int</code>.
This convention avoids the need to hard-code a package's import path in its
own source code, making it easier to move the code from one location to another.
</p>
<h3 id="directives">Directives</h3>
<p>
The assembler uses various directives to bind text and data to symbol names.
For example, here is a simple complete function definition. The <code>TEXT</code>
directive declares the symbol <code>runtime·profileloop</code> and the instructions
that follow form the body of the function.
The last instruction in a <code>TEXT</code> block must be some sort of jump, usually a <code>RET</code> (pseudo-)instruction.
(If it's not, the linker will append a jump-to-itself instruction; there is no fallthrough in <code>TEXTs</code>.)
After the symbol, the arguments are flags (see below)
and the frame size, a constant (but see below):
</p>
<pre>
TEXT runtime·profileloop(SB),NOSPLIT,$8
MOVQ $runtime·profileloop1(SB), CX
MOVQ CX, 0(SP)
CALL runtime·externalthreadhandler(SB)
RET
</pre>
<p>
In the general case, the frame size is followed by an argument size, separated by a minus sign.
(It's not a subtraction, just idiosyncratic syntax.)
The frame size <code>$24-8</code> states that the function has a 24-byte frame
and is called with 8 bytes of argument, which live on the caller's frame.
If <code>NOSPLIT</code> is not specified for the <code>TEXT</code>,
the argument size must be provided.
For assembly functions with Go prototypes, <code>go</code> <code>vet</code> will check that the
argument size is correct.
</p>
<p>
Note that the symbol name uses a middle dot to separate the components and is specified as an offset from the
static base pseudo-register <code>SB</code>.
This function would be called from Go source for package <code>runtime</code> using the
simple name <code>profileloop</code>.
</p>
<p>
Global data symbols are defined by a sequence of initializing
<code>DATA</code> directives followed by a <code>GLOBL</code> directive.
Each <code>DATA</code> directive initializes a section of the
corresponding memory.
The memory not explicitly initialized is zeroed.
The general form of the <code>DATA</code> directive is
<pre>
DATA symbol+offset(SB)/width, value
</pre>
<p>
which initializes the symbol memory at the given offset and width with the given value.
The <code>DATA</code> directives for a given symbol must be written with increasing offsets.
</p>
<p>
The <code>GLOBL</code> directive declares a symbol to be global.
The arguments are optional flags and the size of the data being declared as a global,
which will have initial value all zeros unless a <code>DATA</code> directive
has initialized it.
The <code>GLOBL</code> directive must follow any corresponding <code>DATA</code> directives.
</p>
<p>
For example,
</p>
<pre>
DATA divtab&lt;&gt;+0x00(SB)/4, $0xf4f8fcff
DATA divtab&lt;&gt;+0x04(SB)/4, $0xe6eaedf0
...
DATA divtab&lt;&gt;+0x3c(SB)/4, $0x81828384
GLOBL divtab&lt;&gt;(SB), RODATA, $64
GLOBL runtime·tlsoffset(SB), NOPTR, $4
</pre>
<p>
declares and initializes <code>divtab&lt;&gt;</code>, a read-only 64-byte table of 4-byte integer values,
and declares <code>runtime·tlsoffset</code>, a 4-byte, implicitly zeroed variable that
contains no pointers.
</p>
<p>
There may be one or two arguments to the directives.
If there are two, the first is a bit mask of flags,
which can be written as numeric expressions, added or or-ed together,
or can be set symbolically for easier absorption by a human.
Their values, defined in the standard <code>#include</code> file <code>textflag.h</code>, are:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<code>NOPROF</code> = 1
<br>
(For <code>TEXT</code> items.)
Don't profile the marked function. This flag is deprecated.
</li>
<li>
<code>DUPOK</code> = 2
<br>
It is legal to have multiple instances of this symbol in a single binary.
The linker will choose one of the duplicates to use.
</li>
<li>
<code>NOSPLIT</code> = 4
<br>
(For <code>TEXT</code> items.)
Don't insert the preamble to check if the stack must be split.
The frame for the routine, plus anything it calls, must fit in the
spare space at the top of the stack segment.
Used to protect routines such as the stack splitting code itself.
</li>
<li>
<code>RODATA</code> = 8
<br>
(For <code>DATA</code> and <code>GLOBL</code> items.)
Put this data in a read-only section.
</li>
<li>
<code>NOPTR</code> = 16
<br>
(For <code>DATA</code> and <code>GLOBL</code> items.)
This data contains no pointers and therefore does not need to be
scanned by the garbage collector.
</li>
<li>
<code>WRAPPER</code> = 32
<br>
(For <code>TEXT</code> items.)
This is a wrapper function and should not count as disabling <code>recover</code>.
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="runtime">Runtime Coordination</h3>
<p>
For garbage collection to run correctly, the runtime must know the
location of pointers in all global data and in most stack frames.
The Go compiler emits this information when compiling Go source files,
but assembly programs must define it explicitly.
</p>
<p>
A data symbol marked with the <code>NOPTR</code> flag (see above)
is treated as containing no pointers to runtime-allocated data.
A data symbol with the <code>RODATA</code> flag
is allocated in read-only memory and is therefore treated
as implicitly marked <code>NOPTR</code>.
A data symbol with a total size smaller than a pointer
is also treated as implicitly marked <code>NOPTR</code>.
It is not possible to define a symbol containing pointers in an assembly source file;
such a symbol must be defined in a Go source file instead.
Assembly source can still refer to the symbol by name
even without <code>DATA</code> and <code>GLOBL</code> directives.
A good general rule of thumb is to define all non-<code>RODATA</code>
symbols in Go instead of in assembly.
</p>
<p>
Each function also needs annotations giving the location of
live pointers in its arguments, results, and local stack frame.
For an assembly function with no pointer results and
either no local stack frame or no function calls,
the only requirement is to define a Go prototype for the function
in a Go source file in the same package. The name of the assembly
function must not contain the package name component (for example,
function <code>Syscall</code> in package <code>syscall</code> should
use the name <code>·Syscall</code> instead of the equivalent name
<code>syscall·Syscall</code> in its <code>TEXT</code> directive).
For more complex situations, explicit annotation is needed.
These annotations use pseudo-instructions defined in the standard
<code>#include</code> file <code>funcdata.h</code>.
</p>
<p>
If a function has no arguments and no results,
the pointer information can be omitted.
This is indicated by an argument size annotation of <code>$<i>n</i>-0</code>
on the <code>TEXT</code> instruction.
Otherwise, pointer information must be provided by
a Go prototype for the function in a Go source file,
even for assembly functions not called directly from Go.
(The prototype will also let <code>go</code> <code>vet</code> check the argument references.)
At the start of the function, the arguments are assumed
to be initialized but the results are assumed uninitialized.
If the results will hold live pointers during a call instruction,
the function should start by zeroing the results and then
executing the pseudo-instruction <code>GO_RESULTS_INITIALIZED</code>.
This instruction records that the results are now initialized
and should be scanned during stack movement and garbage collection.
It is typically easier to arrange that assembly functions do not
return pointers or do not contain call instructions;
no assembly functions in the standard library use
<code>GO_RESULTS_INITIALIZED</code>.
</p>
<p>
If a function has no local stack frame,
the pointer information can be omitted.
This is indicated by a local frame size annotation of <code>$0-<i>n</i></code>
on the <code>TEXT</code> instruction.
The pointer information can also be omitted if the
function contains no call instructions.
Otherwise, the local stack frame must not contain pointers,
and the assembly must confirm this fact by executing the
pseudo-instruction <code>NO_LOCAL_POINTERS</code>.
Because stack resizing is implemented by moving the stack,
the stack pointer may change during any function call:
even pointers to stack data must not be kept in local variables.
</p>
<h2 id="architectures">Architecture-specific details</h2>
<p>
It is impractical to list all the instructions and other details for each machine.
To see what instructions are defined for a given machine, say 32-bit Intel x86,
look in the top-level header file for the corresponding linker, in this case <code>8l</code>.
That is, the file <code>$GOROOT/src/cmd/8l/8.out.h</code> contains a C enumeration, called <code>as</code>,
of the instructions and their spellings as known to the assembler and linker for that architecture.
In that file you'll find a declaration that begins
</p>
<pre>
enum as
{
AXXX,
AAAA,
AAAD,
AAAM,
AAAS,
AADCB,
...
</pre>
<p>
Each instruction begins with a initial capital <code>A</code> in this list, so <code>AADCB</code>
represents the <code>ADCB</code> (add carry byte) instruction.
The enumeration is in alphabetical order, plus some late additions (<code>AXXX</code> occupies
the zero slot as an invalid instruction).
The sequence has nothing to do with the actual encoding of the machine instructions.
Again, the linker takes care of that detail.
</p>
<p>
One detail evident in the examples from the previous sections is that data in the instructions flows from left to right:
<code>MOVQ</code> <code>$0,</code> <code>CX</code> clears <code>CX</code>.
This convention applies even on architectures where the usual mode is the opposite direction.
</p>
<p>
Here follows some descriptions of key Go-specific details for the supported architectures.
</p>
<h3 id="x86">32-bit Intel 386</h3>
<p>
The runtime pointer to the <code>g</code> structure is maintained
through the value of an otherwise unused (as far as Go is concerned) register in the MMU.
A OS-dependent macro <code>get_tls</code> is defined for the assembler if the source includes
an architecture-dependent header file, like this:
</p>
<pre>
#include "zasm_GOOS_GOARCH.h"
</pre>
<p>
Within the runtime, the <code>get_tls</code> macro loads its argument register
with a pointer to the <code>g</code> pointer, and the <code>g</code> struct
contains the <code>m</code> pointer.
The sequence to load <code>g</code> and <code>m</code> using <code>CX</code> looks like this:
</p>
<pre>
get_tls(CX)
MOVL g(CX), AX // Move g into AX.
MOVL g_m(AX), BX // Move g->m into BX.
</pre>
<h3 id="amd64">64-bit Intel 386 (a.k.a. amd64)</h3>
<p>
The assembly code to access the <code>m</code> and <code>g</code>
pointers is the same as on the 386, except it uses <code>MOVQ</code> rather than
<code>MOVL</code>:
</p>
<pre>
get_tls(CX)
MOVQ g(CX), AX // Move g into AX.
MOVQ g_m(AX), BX // Move g->m into BX.
</pre>
<h3 id="arm">ARM</h3>
<p>
The registers <code>R10</code> and <code>R11</code>
are reserved by the compiler and linker.
</p>
<p>
<code>R10</code> points to the <code>g</code> (goroutine) structure.
Within assembler source code, this pointer must be referred to as <code>g</code>;
the name <code>R10</code> is not recognized.
</p>
<p>
To make it easier for people and compilers to write assembly, the ARM linker
allows general addressing forms and pseudo-operations like <code>DIV</code> or <code>MOD</code>
that may not be expressible using a single hardware instruction.
It implements these forms as multiple instructions, often using the <code>R11</code> register
to hold temporary values.
Hand-written assembly can use <code>R11</code>, but doing so requires
being sure that the linker is not also using it to implement any of the other
instructions in the function.
</p>
<p>
When defining a <code>TEXT</code>, specifying frame size <code>$-4</code>
tells the linker that this is a leaf function that does not need to save <code>LR</code> on entry.
</p>
<p>
The name <code>SP</code> always refers to the virtual stack pointer described earlier.
For the hardware register, use <code>R13</code>.
</p>
<h3 id="unsupported_opcodes">Unsupported opcodes</h3>
<p>
The assemblers are designed to support the compiler so not all hardware instructions
are defined for all architectures: if the compiler doesn't generate it, it might not be there.
If you need to use a missing instruction, there are two ways to proceed.
One is to update the assembler to support that instruction, which is straightforward
but only worthwhile if it's likely the instruction will be used again.
Instead, for simple one-off cases, it's possible to use the <code>BYTE</code>
and <code>WORD</code> directives
to lay down explicit data into the instruction stream within a <code>TEXT</code>.
Here's how the 386 runtime defines the 64-bit atomic load function.
</p>
<pre>
// uint64 atomicload64(uint64 volatile* addr);
// so actually
// void atomicload64(uint64 *res, uint64 volatile *addr);
TEXT runtime·atomicload64(SB), NOSPLIT, $0-8
MOVL ptr+0(FP), AX
LEAL ret_lo+4(FP), BX
BYTE $0x0f; BYTE $0x6f; BYTE $0x00 // MOVQ (%EAX), %MM0
BYTE $0x0f; BYTE $0x7f; BYTE $0x03 // MOVQ %MM0, 0(%EBX)
BYTE $0x0F; BYTE $0x77 // EMMS
RET
</pre>

View File

@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@ details.
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="//godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/cover/">cover</a></td>
<td><a href="http://godoc.org/code.google.com/p/go.tools/cmd/cover/">cover</a></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>Cover is a program for creating and analyzing the coverage profiles
generated by <code>"go test -coverprofile"</code>.</td>
generated by <code>"go test -coverprofile"</code>.
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -83,13 +83,13 @@ gofmt</a> command with more general options.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="//godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc/">godoc</a></td>
<td><a href="http://godoc.org/code.google.com/p/go.tools/cmd/godoc/">godoc</a></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>Godoc extracts and generates documentation for Go packages.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="//godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/vet/">vet</a></td>
<td><a href="http://godoc.org/code.google.com/p/go.tools/cmd/vet/">vet</a></td>
<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
<td>Vet examines Go source code and reports suspicious constructs, such as Printf
calls whose arguments do not align with the format string.</td>

View File

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ It explains the simplest way to get up and running with your Go installation.
<p>
A similar explanation is available as a
<a href="//www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCsL89YtqCs">screencast</a>.
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCsL89YtqCs">screencast</a>.
</p>
@@ -60,35 +60,37 @@ To give you an idea of how a workspace looks in practice, here's an example:
<pre>
bin/
hello # command executable
outyet # command executable
streak # command executable
todo # command executable
pkg/
linux_amd64/
github.com/golang/example/
stringutil.a # package object
code.google.com/p/goauth2/
oauth.a # package object
github.com/nf/todo/
task.a # package object
src/
<a href="https://github.com/golang/example/">github.com/golang/example/</a>
.git/ # Git repository metadata
hello/
hello.go # command source
outyet/
main.go # command source
main_test.go # test source
stringutil/
reverse.go # package source
reverse_test.go # test source
code.google.com/p/goauth2/
.hg/ # mercurial repository metadata
oauth/
oauth.go # package source
oauth_test.go # test source
github.com/nf/
streak/
.git/ # git repository metadata
oauth.go # command source
streak.go # command source
todo/
.git/ # git repository metadata
task/
task.go # package source
todo.go # command source
</pre>
<p>
This workspace contains one repository (<code>example</code>)
comprising two commands (<code>hello</code> and <code>outyet</code>)
and one library (<code>stringutil</code>).
</p>
<p>
A typical workspace would contain many source repositories containing many
packages and commands. Most Go programmers keep <i>all</i> their Go source code
and dependencies in a single workspace.
This workspace contains three repositories (<code>goauth2</code>,
<code>streak</code>, and <code>todo</code>) comprising two commands
(<code>streak</code> and <code>todo</code>) and two libraries
(<code>oauth</code> and <code>task</code>).
</p>
<p>
@@ -108,14 +110,13 @@ when developing Go code.
<p>
To get started, create a workspace directory and set <code>GOPATH</code>
accordingly. Your workspace can be located wherever you like, but we'll use
<code>$HOME/work</code> in this document. Note that this must <b>not</b> be the
<code>$HOME/go</code> in this document. Note that this must <b>not</b> be the
same path as your Go installation.
(Another common setup is to set <code>GOPATH=$HOME</code>.)
</p>
<pre>
$ <b>mkdir $HOME/work</b>
$ <b>export GOPATH=$HOME/work</b>
$ <b>mkdir $HOME/go</b>
$ <b>export GOPATH=$HOME/go</b>
</pre>
<p>
@@ -127,11 +128,6 @@ to your <code>PATH</code>:
$ <b>export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin</b>
</pre>
<p>
To learn more about setting up the <code>GOPATH</code> environment variable,
please see
<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-GOPATH_environment_variable"><code>go help gopath</code></a>
</p>
<h3 id="PackagePaths">Package paths</h3>
@@ -224,7 +220,7 @@ This command builds the <code>hello</code> command, producing an executable
binary. It then installs that binary to the workspace's <code>bin</code>
directory as <code>hello</code> (or, under Windows, <code>hello.exe</code>).
In our example, that will be <code>$GOPATH/bin/hello</code>, which is
<code>$HOME/work/bin/hello</code>.
<code>$HOME/go/bin/hello</code>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -260,7 +256,7 @@ optional: you do not need to use source control to write Go code.
<pre>
$ <b>cd $GOPATH/src/github.com/user/hello</b>
$ <b>git init</b>
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/work/src/github.com/user/hello/.git/
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/user/go/src/github.com/user/hello/.git/
$ <b>git add hello.go</b>
$ <b>git commit -m "initial commit"</b>
[master (root-commit) 0b4507d] initial commit
@@ -281,29 +277,29 @@ Let's write a library and use it from the <code>hello</code> program.
<p>
Again, the first step is to choose a package path (we'll use
<code>github.com/user/stringutil</code>) and create the package directory:
<code>github.com/user/newmath</code>) and create the package directory:
</p>
<pre>
$ <b>mkdir $GOPATH/src/github.com/user/stringutil</b>
$ <b>mkdir $GOPATH/src/github.com/user/newmath</b>
</pre>
<p>
Next, create a file named <code>reverse.go</code> in that directory with the
Next, create a file named <code>sqrt.go</code> in that directory with the
following contents.
</p>
<pre>
// Package stringutil contains utility functions for working with strings.
package stringutil
// Package newmath is a trivial example package.
package newmath
// Reverse returns its argument string reversed rune-wise left to right.
func Reverse(s string) string {
r := []rune(s)
for i, j := 0, len(r)-1; i &lt; len(r)/2; i, j = i+1, j-1 {
r[i], r[j] = r[j], r[i]
// Sqrt returns an approximation to the square root of x.
func Sqrt(x float64) float64 {
z := 1.0
for i := 0; i &lt; 1000; i++ {
z -= (z*z - x) / (2 * z)
}
return string(r)
return z
}
</pre>
@@ -312,7 +308,7 @@ Now, test that the package compiles with <code>go build</code>:
</p>
<pre>
$ <b>go build github.com/user/stringutil</b>
$ <b>go build github.com/user/newmath</b>
</pre>
<p>
@@ -330,7 +326,7 @@ directory of the workspace.
</p>
<p>
After confirming that the <code>stringutil</code> package builds,
After confirming that the <code>newmath</code> package builds,
modify your original <code>hello.go</code> (which is in
<code>$GOPATH/src/github.com/user/hello</code>) to use it:
</p>
@@ -341,18 +337,18 @@ package main
import (
"fmt"
<b>"github.com/user/stringutil"</b>
<b>"github.com/user/newmath"</b>
)
func main() {
fmt.Printf(stringutil.Reverse("!oG ,olleH"))
fmt.Printf("Hello, world. <b>Sqrt(2) = %v\n", newmath.Sqrt(2)</b>)
}
</pre>
<p>
Whenever the <code>go</code> tool installs a package or binary, it also
installs whatever dependencies it has.
So when you install the <code>hello</code> program
installs whatever dependencies it has. So when you install the <code>hello</code>
program
</p>
<pre>
@@ -360,16 +356,16 @@ $ <b>go install github.com/user/hello</b>
</pre>
<p>
the <code>stringutil</code> package will be installed as well, automatically.
the <code>newmath</code> package will be installed as well, automatically.
</p>
<p>
Running the new version of the program, you should see a new, reversed message:
Running the new version of the program, you should see some numerical output:
</p>
<pre>
$ <b>hello</b>
Hello, Go!
Hello, world. Sqrt(2) = 1.414213562373095
</pre>
<p>
@@ -378,22 +374,22 @@ After the steps above, your workspace should look like this:
<pre>
bin/
hello # command executable
hello # command executable
pkg/
linux_amd64/ # this will reflect your OS and architecture
linux_amd64/ # this will reflect your OS and architecture
github.com/user/
stringutil.a # package object
newmath.a # package object
src/
github.com/user/
hello/
hello.go # command source
stringutil/
reverse.go # package source
hello.go # command source
newmath/
sqrt.go # package source
</pre>
<p>
Note that <code>go install</code> placed the <code>stringutil.a</code> object
in a directory inside <code>pkg/linux_amd64</code> that mirrors its source
Note that <code>go install</code> placed the <code>newmath.a</code> object in a
directory inside <code>pkg/linux_amd64</code> that mirrors its source
directory.
This is so that future invocations of the <code>go</code> tool can find the
package object and avoid recompiling the package unnecessarily.
@@ -461,29 +457,20 @@ if the function calls a failure function such as <code>t.Error</code> or
</p>
<p>
Add a test to the <code>stringutil</code> package by creating the file
<code>$GOPATH/src/github.com/user/stringutil/reverse_test.go</code> containing
the following Go code.
Add a test to the <code>newmath</code> package by creating the file
<code>$GOPATH/src/github.com/user/newmath/sqrt_test.go</code> containing the
following Go code.
</p>
<pre>
package stringutil
package newmath
import "testing"
func TestReverse(t *testing.T) {
cases := []struct {
in, want string
}{
{"Hello, world", "dlrow ,olleH"},
{"Hello, 世界", "界世 ,olleH"},
{"", ""},
}
for _, c := range cases {
got := Reverse(c.in)
if got != c.want {
t.Errorf("Reverse(%q) == %q, want %q", c.in, got, c.want)
}
func TestSqrt(t *testing.T) {
const in, out = 4, 2
if x := Sqrt(in); x != out {
t.Errorf("Sqrt(%v) = %v, want %v", in, x, out)
}
}
</pre>
@@ -493,8 +480,8 @@ Then run the test with <code>go test</code>:
</p>
<pre>
$ <b>go test github.com/user/stringutil</b>
ok github.com/user/stringutil 0.165s
$ <b>go test github.com/user/newmath</b>
ok github.com/user/newmath 0.165s
</pre>
<p>
@@ -504,7 +491,7 @@ directory, you can omit the package path:
<pre>
$ <b>go test</b>
ok github.com/user/stringutil 0.165s
ok github.com/user/newmath 0.165s
</pre>
<p>
@@ -520,16 +507,16 @@ An import path can describe how to obtain the package source code using a
revision control system such as Git or Mercurial. The <code>go</code> tool uses
this property to automatically fetch packages from remote repositories.
For instance, the examples described in this document are also kept in a
Git repository hosted at GitHub
<code><a href="https://github.com/golang/example">github.com/golang/example</a></code>.
Mercurial repository hosted at Google Code,
<code><a href="http://code.google.com/p/go.example">code.google.com/p/go.example</a></code>.
If you include the repository URL in the package's import path,
<code>go get</code> will fetch, build, and install it automatically:
</p>
<pre>
$ <b>go get github.com/golang/example/hello</b>
$ <b>go get code.google.com/p/go.example/hello</b>
$ <b>$GOPATH/bin/hello</b>
Hello, Go examples!
Hello, world. Sqrt(2) = 1.414213562373095
</pre>
<p>
@@ -546,46 +533,44 @@ tree should now look like this:
<pre>
bin/
hello # command executable
hello # command executable
pkg/
linux_amd64/
github.com/golang/example/
stringutil.a # package object
code.google.com/p/go.example/
newmath.a # package object
github.com/user/
stringutil.a # package object
newmath.a # package object
src/
github.com/golang/example/
.git/ # Git repository metadata
code.google.com/p/go.example/
hello/
hello.go # command source
stringutil/
reverse.go # package source
reverse_test.go # test source
hello.go # command source
newmath/
sqrt.go # package source
sqrt_test.go # test source
github.com/user/
hello/
hello.go # command source
stringutil/
reverse.go # package source
reverse_test.go # test source
hello.go # command source
newmath/
sqrt.go # package source
sqrt_test.go # test source
</pre>
<p>
The <code>hello</code> command hosted at GitHub depends on the
<code>stringutil</code> package within the same repository. The imports in
<code>hello.go</code> file use the same import path convention, so the
<code>go get</code> command is able to locate and install the dependent
package, too.
The <code>hello</code> command hosted at Google Code depends on the
<code>newmath</code> package within the same repository. The imports in
<code>hello.go</code> file use the same import path convention, so the <code>go
get</code> command is able to locate and install the dependent package, too.
</p>
<pre>
import "github.com/golang/example/stringutil"
import "code.google.com/p/go.example/newmath"
</pre>
<p>
This convention is the easiest way to make your Go packages available for
others to use.
The <a href="//golang.org/wiki/Projects">Go Wiki</a>
and <a href="//godoc.org/">godoc.org</a>
The <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki/Projects">Go Wiki</a>
and <a href="http://godoc.org/">godoc.org</a>
provide lists of external Go projects.
</p>
@@ -595,13 +580,7 @@ For more information on using remote repositories with the <code>go</code> tool,
</p>
<h2 id="next">What's next</h2>
<p>
Subscribe to the
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>
mailing list to be notified when a new stable version of Go is released.
</p>
<h2 id="more">Further reading</h2>
<p>
See <a href="/doc/effective_go.html">Effective Go</a> for tips on writing
@@ -609,7 +588,7 @@ clear, idiomatic Go code.
</p>
<p>
Take <a href="//tour.golang.org/">A Tour of Go</a> to learn the language
Take <a href="http://tour.golang.org/">A Tour of Go</a> to learn the language
proper.
</p>
@@ -617,21 +596,3 @@ proper.
Visit the <a href="/doc/#articles">documentation page</a> for a set of in-depth
articles about the Go language and its libraries and tools.
</p>
<h2 id="help">Getting help</h2>
<p>
For real-time help, ask the helpful gophers in <code>#go-nuts</code> on the
<a href="http://freenode.net/">Freenode</a> IRC server.
</p>
<p>
The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts</a>.
</p>
<p>
Report bugs using the
<a href="//golang.org/issue">Go issue tracker</a>.
</p>

View File

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ and/or writes to a shared map.
<step title="Conclusion" src="doc/codewalk/urlpoll.go">
In this codewalk we have explored a simple example of using Go's concurrency
primitives to share memory through communication.
primitives to share memory through commmunication.
<br/><br/>
This should provide a starting point from which to explore the ways in which
goroutines and channels can be used to write expressive and concise concurrent

View File

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
<p>
Go is an open source project developed by a team at
<a href="//google.com/">Google</a> and many
<a href="http://google.com/">Google</a> and many
<a href="/CONTRIBUTORS">contributors</a> from the open source community.
</p>
@@ -17,29 +17,37 @@ Go is an open source project developed by a team at
Go is distributed under a <a href="/LICENSE">BSD-style license</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="announce"><a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">Announcements Mailing List</a></h3>
<h3 id="announce"><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">Announcements Mailing List</a></h3>
<p>
A low traffic mailing list for important announcements, such as new releases.
</p>
<p>
We encourage all Go users to subscribe to
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>.
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="go1">Version history</h2>
<h3 id="release"><a href="/doc/devel/release.html">Release History</a></h3>
<p>A summary of the changes between Go releases.</p>
<p>A <a href="/doc/devel/release.html">summary</a> of the changes between Go releases. Notes for the major releases:</p>
<h4 id="go1notes"><a href="/doc/go1">Go 1 Release Notes</a></h4>
<p>
A guide for updating your code to work with Go 1.
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="/doc/go1.4">Go 1.4</a> <small>(December 2014)</small></li>
<li><a href="/doc/go1.3">Go 1.3</a> <small>(June 2014)</small></li>
<li><a href="/doc/go1.2">Go 1.2</a> <small>(December 2013)</small></li>
<li><a href="/doc/go1.1">Go 1.1</a> <small>(May 2013)</small></li>
<li><a href="/doc/go1">Go 1</a> <small>(March 2012)</small></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="go1.1notes"><a href="/doc/go1.1">Go 1.1 Release Notes</a></h4>
<p>
A list of significant changes in Go 1.1, with instructions for updating your
code where necessary.
</p>
<h4 id="go1.2notes"><a href="/doc/go1.2">Go 1.2 Release Notes</a></h4>
<p>
A list of significant changes in Go 1.2, with instructions for updating your
code where necessary.
</p>
<h3 id="go1compat"><a href="/doc/go1compat">Go 1 and the Future of Go Programs</a></h3>
<p>
@@ -50,39 +58,32 @@ Go 1 matures.
<h2 id="resources">Developer Resources</h2>
<h3 id="source"><a href="https://golang.org/change">Source Code</a></h3>
<h3 id="source"><a href="https://code.google.com/p/go/source">Source Code</a></h3>
<p>Check out the Go source code.</p>
<h3 id="golang-dev"><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-dev">Developer</a> and
<a href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-codereviews">Code Review Mailing List</a></h3>
<p>The <a href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-dev">golang-dev</a>
mailing list is for discussing code changes to the Go project.
The <a href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-codereviews">golang-codereviews</a>
mailing list is for actual reviewing of the code changes (CLs).</p>
<h3 id="golang-dev"><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-dev">Developer Mailing List</a></h3>
<p>The <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-dev">golang-dev</a>
mailing list is for discussing and reviewing code for the Go project.</p>
<p>For general discussion of Go programming, see <a
href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">golang-nuts</a>.</p>
href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">golang-nuts</a>.</p>
<h3 id="golang-checkins"><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-checkins">Checkins Mailing List</a></h3>
<h3 id="golang-checkins"><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-checkins">Checkins Mailing List</a></h3>
<p>A mailing list that receives a message summarizing each checkin to the Go repository.</p>
<h3 id="golang-bugs"><a href="https://groups.google.com/group/golang-bugs">Bugs Mailing List</a></h3>
<p>A mailing list that receives each update to the Go <a href="//golang.org/issue">issue tracker</a>.</p>
<h3 id="build_status"><a href="//build.golang.org/">Build Status</a></h3>
<h3 id="build_status"><a href="http://build.golang.org/">Build Status</a></h3>
<p>View the status of Go builds across the supported operating
systems and architectures.</p>
<h2 id="howto">How you can help</h2>
<h3><a href="//golang.org/issue">Reporting issues</a></h3>
<h3><a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues">Reporting issues</a></h3>
<p>
If you spot bugs, mistakes, or inconsistencies in the Go project's code or
documentation, please let us know by
<a href="//golang.org/issue/new">filing a ticket</a>
on our <a href="//golang.org/issue">issue tracker</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/entry">filing a ticket</a>
on our <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues">issue tracker</a>.
(Of course, you should check it's not an existing issue before creating
a new one.)
</p>
@@ -101,8 +102,8 @@ To get started, read these <a href="/doc/contribute.html">contribution
guidelines</a> for information on design, testing, and our code review process.
</p>
<p>
Check <a href="//golang.org/issue">the tracker</a> for
Check <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues">the tracker</a> for
open issues that interest you. Those labeled
<a href="https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=is%3Aopen+is%3Aissue+label%3Ahelpwanted">helpwanted</a>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/list?q=status=HelpWanted">HelpWanted</a>
are particularly in need of outside help.
</p>

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

View File

@@ -9,23 +9,6 @@ Besides this overview you might want to consult the
<a href="http://sourceware.org/gdb/current/onlinedocs/gdb/">GDB manual</a>.
</i></p>
<p>
GDB does not understand Go programs well.
The stack management, threading, and runtime contain aspects that differ
enough from the execution model GDB expects that they can confuse
the debugger, even when the program is compiled with gccgo.
As a consequence, although GDB can be useful in some situations, it is
not a reliable debugger for Go programs, particularly heavily concurrent ones.
Moreover, it is not a priority for the Go project to address these issues, which
are difficult.
In short, the instructions below should be taken only as a guide to how
to use GDB when it works, not as a guarantee of success.
</p>
<p>
In time, a more Go-centric debugging architecture may be required.
</p>
<h2 id="Introduction">Introduction</h2>
<p>
@@ -36,8 +19,8 @@ use to inspect a live process or a core dump.
</p>
<p>
Pass the <code>'-w'</code> flag to the linker to omit the debug information
(for example, <code>go build -ldflags "-w" prog.go</code>).
Pass the <code>'-s'</code> flag to the linker to omit the debug information
(for example, <code>go build -ldflags "-s" prog.go</code>).
</p>
<p>
@@ -120,7 +103,7 @@ For example:
<p>
If you'd like to see how this works, or want to extend it, take a look at <a
href="/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py">src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py</a> in
href="/src/pkg/runtime/runtime-gdb.py">src/pkg/runtime/runtime-gdb.py</a> in
the Go source distribution. It depends on some special magic types
(<code>hash&lt;T,U&gt;</code>) and variables (<code>runtime.m</code> and
<code>runtime.g</code>) that the linker
@@ -153,7 +136,7 @@ the form <code>pkg.(*MyType).Meth</code>.
<p>
In this tutorial we will inspect the binary of the
<a href="/pkg/regexp/">regexp</a> package's unit tests. To build the binary,
change to <code>$GOROOT/src/regexp</code> and run <code>go test -c</code>.
change to <code>$GOROOT/src/pkg/regexp</code> and run <code>go test -c</code>.
This should produce an executable file named <code>regexp.test</code>.
</p>
@@ -172,7 +155,7 @@ License GPLv 3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later &lt;http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.htm
Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for licensing/warranty details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux".
Reading symbols from /home/user/go/src/regexp/regexp.test...
Reading symbols from /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/regexp.test...
done.
Loading Go Runtime support.
(gdb)
@@ -180,7 +163,7 @@ Loading Go Runtime support.
<p>
The message <code>"Loading Go Runtime support"</code> means that GDB loaded the
extension from <code>$GOROOT/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py</code>.
extension from <code>$GOROOT/src/pkg/runtime/runtime-gdb.py</code>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -199,7 +182,7 @@ it by hand by telling gdb (assuming you have the go sources in
</p>
<pre>
(gdb) <b>source ~/go/src/runtime/runtime-gdb.py</b>
(gdb) <b>source ~/go/src/pkg/runtime/runtime-gdb.py</b>
Loading Go Runtime support.
</pre>
@@ -259,7 +242,7 @@ Set a breakpoint at the <code>TestFind</code> function:
<pre>
(gdb) <b>b 'regexp.TestFind'</b>
Breakpoint 1 at 0x424908: file /home/user/go/src/regexp/find_test.go, line 148.
Breakpoint 1 at 0x424908: file /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/find_test.go, line 148.
</pre>
<p>
@@ -268,9 +251,9 @@ Run the program:
<pre>
(gdb) <b>run</b>
Starting program: /home/user/go/src/regexp/regexp.test
Starting program: /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/regexp.test
Breakpoint 1, regexp.TestFind (t=0xf8404a89c0) at /home/user/go/src/regexp/find_test.go:148
Breakpoint 1, regexp.TestFind (t=0xf8404a89c0) at /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/find_test.go:148
148 func TestFind(t *testing.T) {
</pre>
@@ -297,9 +280,9 @@ Look at the stack trace for where weve paused the program:
<pre>
(gdb) <b>bt</b> <i># backtrace</i>
#0 regexp.TestFind (t=0xf8404a89c0) at /home/user/go/src/regexp/find_test.go:148
#1 0x000000000042f60b in testing.tRunner (t=0xf8404a89c0, test=0x573720) at /home/user/go/src/testing/testing.go:156
#2 0x000000000040df64 in runtime.initdone () at /home/user/go/src/runtime/proc.c:242
#0 regexp.TestFind (t=0xf8404a89c0) at /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/find_test.go:148
#1 0x000000000042f60b in testing.tRunner (t=0xf8404a89c0, test=0x573720) at /home/user/go/src/pkg/testing/testing.go:156
#2 0x000000000040df64 in runtime.initdone () at /home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/proc.c:242
#3 0x000000f8404a89c0 in ?? ()
#4 0x0000000000573720 in ?? ()
#5 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
@@ -311,18 +294,18 @@ The other goroutine, number 1, is stuck in <code>runtime.gosched</code>, blocked
<pre>
(gdb) <b>goroutine 1 bt</b>
#0 0x000000000040facb in runtime.gosched () at /home/user/go/src/runtime/proc.c:873
#0 0x000000000040facb in runtime.gosched () at /home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/proc.c:873
#1 0x00000000004031c9 in runtime.chanrecv (c=void, ep=void, selected=void, received=void)
at /home/user/go/src/runtime/chan.c:342
#2 0x0000000000403299 in runtime.chanrecv1 (t=void, c=void) at/home/user/go/src/runtime/chan.c:423
at /home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/chan.c:342
#2 0x0000000000403299 in runtime.chanrecv1 (t=void, c=void) at/home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/chan.c:423
#3 0x000000000043075b in testing.RunTests (matchString={void (struct string, struct string, bool *, error *)}
0x7ffff7f9ef60, tests= []testing.InternalTest = {...}) at /home/user/go/src/testing/testing.go:201
0x7ffff7f9ef60, tests= []testing.InternalTest = {...}) at /home/user/go/src/pkg/testing/testing.go:201
#4 0x00000000004302b1 in testing.Main (matchString={void (struct string, struct string, bool *, error *)}
0x7ffff7f9ef80, tests= []testing.InternalTest = {...}, benchmarks= []testing.InternalBenchmark = {...})
at /home/user/go/src/testing/testing.go:168
#5 0x0000000000400dc1 in main.main () at /home/user/go/src/regexp/_testmain.go:98
#6 0x00000000004022e7 in runtime.mainstart () at /home/user/go/src/runtime/amd64/asm.s:78
#7 0x000000000040ea6f in runtime.initdone () at /home/user/go/src/runtime/proc.c:243
at /home/user/go/src/pkg/testing/testing.go:168
#5 0x0000000000400dc1 in main.main () at /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/_testmain.go:98
#6 0x00000000004022e7 in runtime.mainstart () at /home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/amd64/asm.s:78
#7 0x000000000040ea6f in runtime.initdone () at /home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/proc.c:243
#8 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
</pre>
@@ -333,7 +316,7 @@ The stack frame shows were currently executing the <code>regexp.TestFind</cod
<pre>
(gdb) <b>info frame</b>
Stack level 0, frame at 0x7ffff7f9ff88:
rip = 0x425530 in regexp.TestFind (/home/user/go/src/regexp/find_test.go:148);
rip = 0x425530 in regexp.TestFind (/home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/find_test.go:148);
saved rip 0x430233
called by frame at 0x7ffff7f9ffa8
source language minimal.
@@ -410,7 +393,7 @@ We can step into the <code>String</code>function call with <code>"s"</code>:
<pre>
(gdb) <b>s</b>
regexp.(*Regexp).String (re=0xf84068d070, noname=void) at /home/user/go/src/regexp/regexp.go:97
regexp.(*Regexp).String (re=0xf84068d070, noname=void) at /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/regexp.go:97
97 func (re *Regexp) String() string {
</pre>
@@ -421,12 +404,12 @@ Get a stack trace to see where we are:
<pre>
(gdb) <b>bt</b>
#0 regexp.(*Regexp).String (re=0xf84068d070, noname=void)
at /home/user/go/src/regexp/regexp.go:97
at /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/regexp.go:97
#1 0x0000000000425615 in regexp.TestFind (t=0xf840688b60)
at /home/user/go/src/regexp/find_test.go:151
at /home/user/go/src/pkg/regexp/find_test.go:151
#2 0x0000000000430233 in testing.tRunner (t=0xf840688b60, test=0x5747b8)
at /home/user/go/src/testing/testing.go:156
#3 0x000000000040ea6f in runtime.initdone () at /home/user/go/src/runtime/proc.c:243
at /home/user/go/src/pkg/testing/testing.go:156
#3 0x000000000040ea6f in runtime.initdone () at /home/user/go/src/pkg/runtime/proc.c:243
....
</pre>

View File

@@ -3,101 +3,40 @@
}-->
<p>This page summarizes the changes between official stable releases of Go.
The <a href="//golang.org/change">change log</a> has the full details.</p>
The <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list">Mercurial change log</a>
has the full details.</p>
<p>To update to a specific release, use:</p>
<pre>
git pull
git checkout <i>release-branch</i>
hg pull
hg update <i>tag</i>
</pre>
<h2 id="go1.4">go1.4 (released 2014/12/10)</h2>
<p>
Go 1.4 is a major release of Go.
Read the <a href="/doc/go1.4">Go 1.4 Release Notes</a> for more information.
</p>
<h3 id="go1.4.minor">Minor revisions</h3>
<p>
go1.4.1 (released 2015/01/15) includes bug fixes to the linker and the <code>log</code>, <code>syscall</code>, and <code>runtime</code> packages.
See the <a href="https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.4.1">Go 1.4.1 milestone on our issue tracker</a> for details.
</p>
<p>
go1.4.2 (released 2015/02/17) includes bug fixes to the <code>go</code> command, the compiler and linker, and the <code>runtime</code>, <code>syscall</code>, <code>reflect</code>, and <code>math/big</code> packages.
See the <a href="https://github.com/golang/go/issues?q=milestone%3AGo1.4.2">Go 1.4.2 milestone on our issue tracker</a> for details.
</p>
<h2 id="go1.3">go1.3 (released 2014/06/18)</h2>
<p>
Go 1.3 is a major release of Go.
Read the <a href="/doc/go1.3">Go 1.3 Release Notes</a> for more information.
</p>
<h3 id="go1.3.minor">Minor revisions</h3>
<p>
go1.3.1 (released 2014/08/13) includes bug fixes to the compiler and the <code>runtime</code>, <code>net</code>, and <code>crypto/rsa</code> packages.
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.3&r=073fc578434bf3e1e22749b559d273c8da728ebb">change history</a> for details.
</p>
<p>
go1.3.2 (released 2014/09/25) includes bug fixes to cgo and the crypto/tls packages.
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.3&r=go1.3.2">change history</a> for details.
</p>
<p>
go1.3.3 (released 2014/09/30) includes further bug fixes to cgo, the runtime package, and the nacl port.
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.3&r=go1.3.3">change history</a> for details.
</p>
<h2 id="go1.2">go1.2 (released 2013/12/01)</h2>
<p>
Go 1.2 is a major release of Go.
Read the <a href="/doc/go1.2">Go 1.2 Release Notes</a> for more information.
</p>
<h3 id="go1.2.minor">Minor revisions</h3>
<p>
go1.2.1 (released 2014/03/02) includes bug fixes to the <code>runtime</code>, <code>net</code>, and <code>database/sql</code> packages.
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.2&r=7ada9e760ce34e78aee5b476c9621556d0fa5d31">change history</a> for details.
</p>
<p>
go1.2.2 (released 2014/05/05) includes a
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=bda3619e7a2c&repo=tools">security fix</a>
that affects the tour binary included in the binary distributions (thanks to Guillaume T).
</p>
<h2 id="go1.1">go1.1 (released 2013/05/13)</h2>
<p>
Go 1.1 is a major release of Go.
Read the <a href="/doc/go1.1">Go 1.1 Release Notes</a> for more information.
Read the <a href="/doc/go1.1.html">Go 1.1 Release Notes</a> for
more information.
</p>
<h3 id="go1.1.minor">Minor revisions</h3>
<p>
go1.1.1 (released 2013/06/13) includes several compiler and runtime bug fixes.
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.1&r=43c4a41d24382a56a90e924800c681e435d9e399">change history</a> for details.
See the <a href="https://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.1&r=43c4a41d24382a56a90e924800c681e435d9e399">change history</a> for details.
</p>
<p>
go1.1.2 (released 2013/08/13) includes fixes to the <code>gc</code> compiler
and <code>cgo</code>, and the <code>bufio</code>, <code>runtime</code>,
<code>syscall</code>, and <code>time</code> packages.
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.1&r=a6a9792f94acd4ff686b2bc57383d163608b91cf">change history</a> for details.
See the <a href="https://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1.1&r=a6a9792f94acd4ff686b2bc57383d163608b91cf">change history</a> for details.
If you use package syscall's <code>Getrlimit</code> and <code>Setrlimit</code>
functions under Linux on the ARM or 386 architectures, please note change
<a href="//golang.org/change/55ac276af5a7">55ac276af5a7</a>
that fixes <a href="//golang.org/issue/5949">issue 5949</a>.
<a href="http://golang.org/change/55ac276af5a7">55ac276af5a7</a>
that fixes <a href="http://golang.org/issue/5949">issue 5949</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="go1">go1 (released 2012/03/28)</h2>
@@ -123,17 +62,17 @@ The go1 release corresponds to
<p>
go1.0.1 (released 2012/04/25) was issued to
<a href="//golang.org/change/a890477d3dfb">fix</a> an
<a href="//golang.org/issue/3545">escape analysis bug</a>
that can lead to memory corruption.
<a href="https://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=a890477d3dfb">fix</a> an
<a href="https://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=3545">escape analysis
bug</a> that can lead to memory corruption.
It also includes several minor code and documentation fixes.
</p>
<p>
go1.0.2 (released 2012/06/13) was issued to fix two bugs in the implementation
of maps using struct or array keys:
<a href="//golang.org/issue/3695">issue 3695</a> and
<a href="//golang.org/issue/3573">issue 3573</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=3695">issue 3695</a> and
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/detail?id=3573">issue 3573</a>.
It also includes many minor code and documentation fixes.
</p>
@@ -142,7 +81,7 @@ go1.0.3 (released 2012/09/21) includes minor code and documentation fixes.
</p>
<p>
See the <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1">go1 release branch history</a> for the complete list of changes.
See the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?name=release-branch.go1">go1 release branch history</a> for the complete list of changes.
</p>
<h2 id="r60">r60 (released 2011/09/07)</h2>
@@ -154,7 +93,7 @@ This section highlights the most significant changes in this release.
For a more detailed summary, see the
<a href="weekly.html#2011-08-17">weekly release notes</a>.
For complete information, see the
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r60">Mercurial change list</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r60">Mercurial change list</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="r60.lang">Language</h3>
@@ -224,26 +163,26 @@ more accessible.
<p>
r60.1 includes a
<a href="//golang.org/change/1824581bf62d">linker
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=1824581bf62d">linker
fix</a>, a pair of
<a href="//golang.org/change/9ef4429c2c64">goplay</a>
<a href="//golang.org/change/d42ed8c3098e">fixes</a>,
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=9ef4429c2c64">goplay</a>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=d42ed8c3098e">fixes</a>,
and a <code>json</code> package
<a href="//golang.org/change/d5e97874fe84">fix</a> and
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=d5e97874fe84">fix</a> and
a new
<a href="//golang.org/change/4f0e6269213f">struct tag
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=4f0e6269213f">struct tag
option</a>.
</p>
<p>
r60.2
<a href="//golang.org/change/ff19536042ac">fixes</a>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=ff19536042ac">fixes</a>
a memory leak involving maps.
</p>
<p>
r60.3 fixes a
<a href="//golang.org/change/01fa62f5e4e5">reflect bug</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=01fa62f5e4e5">reflect bug</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="r59">r59 (released 2011/08/01)</h2>
@@ -255,7 +194,7 @@ This section highlights the most significant changes in this release.
For a more detailed summary, see the
<a href="weekly.html#2011-07-07">weekly release notes</a>.
For complete information, see the
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r59">Mercurial change list</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r59">Mercurial change list</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="r59.lang">Language</h3>
@@ -265,7 +204,7 @@ This release includes a language change that restricts the use of
<code>goto</code>. In essence, a <code>goto</code> statement outside a block
cannot jump to a label inside that block. Your code may require changes if it
uses <code>goto</code>.
See <a href="//golang.org/change/dc6d3cf9279d">this
See <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=dc6d3cf9279d">this
changeset</a> for how the new rule affected the Go tree.
</p>
@@ -363,13 +302,13 @@ This section highlights the most significant changes in this release.
For a more detailed summary, see the
<a href="weekly.html#2011-06-09">weekly release notes</a>.
For complete information, see the
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r58">Mercurial change list</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r58">Mercurial change list</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="r58.lang">Language</h3>
<p>
This release fixes a <a href="//golang.org/change/b720749486e1">use of uninitialized memory in programs that misuse <code>goto</code></a>.
This release fixes a <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=b720749486e1">use of uninitialized memory in programs that misuse <code>goto</code></a>.
</p>
<h3 id="r58.pkg">Packages</h3>
@@ -428,8 +367,8 @@ the Go tree (and avoid writing Makefiles).
<h3 id="r58.minor">Minor revisions</h3>
<p>r58.1 adds
<a href="//golang.org/change/293c25943586">build</a> and
<a href="//golang.org/change/bf17e96b6582">runtime</a>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=293c25943586">build</a> and
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=bf17e96b6582">runtime</a>
changes to make Go run on OS X 10.7 Lion.
</p>
@@ -443,7 +382,7 @@ This section highlights the most significant changes in this release.
For a more detailed summary, see the
<a href="weekly.html#2011-04-27">weekly release notes</a>.
For complete information, see the
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r57">Mercurial change list</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list?r=release-branch.r57">Mercurial change list</a>.
</p>
<p>The new <a href="/cmd/gofix">gofix</a> tool finds Go programs that use old APIs and rewrites them to use
@@ -454,7 +393,7 @@ future changes to the libraries.
Gofix cant
handle all situations perfectly, so read and test the changes it makes before
committing them.
See <a href="//blog.golang.org/2011/04/introducing-gofix.html">the gofix blog post</a> for more
See <a href="http://blog.golang.org/2011/04/introducing-gofix.html">the gofix blog post</a> for more
information.</p>
<h3 id="r57.lang">Language</h3>
@@ -500,7 +439,7 @@ For clients, there are new
<a href="/pkg/http/#Client">Client</a> and <a href="/pkg/http/#Transport">Transport</a>
abstractions that give more control over HTTP details such as headers sent
and redirections followed. These abstractions make it easy to implement
custom clients that add functionality such as <a href="//code.google.com/p/goauth2/source/browse/oauth/oauth.go">OAuth2</a>.
custom clients that add functionality such as <a href="http://code.google.com/p/goauth2/source/browse/oauth/oauth.go">OAuth2</a>.
For servers, <a href="/pkg/http/#ResponseWriter">ResponseWriter</a>
has dropped its non-essential methods.
The Hijack and Flush methods are no longer required;
@@ -544,7 +483,7 @@ implements all the possible value methods.
Instead of a type switch on a Value <code>v</code>, switch on <code>v.Kind()</code>.
Typeof and NewValue are now called <a href="/pkg/reflect/#Type.TypeOf">TypeOf</a> and <a href="/pkg/reflect/#Value.ValueOf">ValueOf</a>
To create a writable Value, use <code>New(t).Elem()</code> instead of <code>Zero(t)</code>.
See <a href="//golang.org/change/843855f3c026">the change description</a>
See <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=843855f3c026">the change description</a>
for the full details.
The new API allows a more efficient implementation of Value
that avoids many of the allocations required by the previous API.
@@ -580,8 +519,8 @@ For other uses, see the <a href="/pkg/runtime/pprof/">runtime/pprof</a> document
<h3 id="r57.minor">Minor revisions</h3>
<p>r57.1 fixes a <a href="//golang.org/change/ff2bc62726e7145eb2ecc1e0f076998e4a8f86f0">nil pointer dereference in http.FormFile</a>.</p>
<p>r57.2 fixes a <a href="//golang.org/change/063b0ff67d8277df03c956208abc068076818dae">use of uninitialized memory in programs that misuse <code>goto</code></a>.</p>
<p>r57.1 fixes a <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=ff2bc62726e7145eb2ecc1e0f076998e4a8f86f0">nil pointer dereference in http.FormFile</a>.</p>
<p>r57.2 fixes a <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=063b0ff67d8277df03c956208abc068076818dae">use of uninitialized memory in programs that misuse <code>goto</code></a>.</p>
<h2 id="r56">r56 (released 2011/03/16)</h2>

View File

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
<p>This page summarizes the changes between tagged weekly snapshots of Go.
Such snapshots are no longer created. This page remains as a historical reference only.</p>
<p>For recent information, see the <a href="//golang.org/change">change log</a> and <a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-dev/">development mailing list</a>.</p>
<p>For recent information, see the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/list">Mercurial change log</a> and <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-dev/">development mailing list</a>.</p>
<h2 id="2012-03-27">2012-03-27 (<a href="release.html#go1">Go 1</a>)</h2>

View File

@@ -33,20 +33,20 @@ libraries.
<img class="gopher" src="/doc/gopher/doc.png"/>
<h3 id="go_tour"><a href="//tour.golang.org/">A Tour of Go</a></h3>
<h3 id="go_tour"><a href="http://tour.golang.org/">A Tour of Go</a></h3>
<p>
An interactive introduction to Go in three sections.
The first section covers basic syntax and data structures; the second discusses
methods and interfaces; and the third introduces Go's concurrency primitives.
Each section concludes with a few exercises so you can practice what you've
learned. You can <a href="//tour.golang.org/">take the tour online</a> or
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go-tour/">install it locally</a>.
learned. You can <a href="http://tour.golang.org/">take the tour online</a> or
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-tour/">install it locally</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="code"><a href="code.html">How to write Go code</a></h3>
<p>
Also available as a
<a href="//www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCsL89YtqCs">screencast</a>, this doc
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XCsL89YtqCs">screencast</a>, this doc
explains how to use the <a href="/cmd/go/">go command</a> to fetch, build, and
install packages, commands, and run tests.
</p>
@@ -97,13 +97,10 @@ one goroutine can be guaranteed to observe values produced by writes to the
same variable in a different goroutine.
</p>
<h3 id="release"><a href="/doc/devel/release.html">Release History</a></h3>
<p>A summary of the changes between Go releases.</p>
<h2 id="articles">Articles</h2>
<h3 id="blog"><a href="//blog.golang.org/">The Go Blog</a></h3>
<h3 id="blog"><a href="http://blog.golang.org/">The Go Blog</a></h3>
<p>The official blog of the Go project, featuring news and in-depth articles by
the Go team and guests.</p>
@@ -146,9 +143,7 @@ Guided tours of Go programs.
<li><a href="/doc/gdb">Debugging Go Code with GDB</a></li>
<li><a href="/blog/godoc-documenting-go-code">Godoc: documenting Go code</a> - writing good documentation for <a href="/cmd/godoc/">godoc</a>.</li>
<li><a href="/blog/profiling-go-programs">Profiling Go Programs</a></li>
<li><a href="/doc/articles/race_detector.html">Data Race Detector</a> - a manual for the data race detector.</li>
<li><a href="/blog/race-detector">Introducing the Go Race Detector</a> - an introduction to the race detector.</li>
<li><a href="/doc/asm">A Quick Guide to Go's Assembler</a> - an introduction to the assembler used by Go.</li>
<li><a href="/blog/race-detector">Data Race Detector</a> - testing Go programs for race conditions.</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="articles_more">More</h4>
@@ -169,17 +164,17 @@ interfaces, reflection, and concurrency. Builds a toy web crawler to
demonstrate these.
</p>
<h3 id="go_code_that_grows"><a href="//vimeo.com/53221560">Code that grows with grace</a></h3>
<h3 id="go_code_that_grows"><a href="http://vimeo.com/53221560">Code that grows with grace</a></h3>
<p>
One of Go's key design goals is code adaptability; that it should be easy to take a simple design and build upon it in a clean and natural way. In this talk Andrew Gerrand describes a simple "chat roulette" server that matches pairs of incoming TCP connections, and then use Go's concurrency mechanisms, interfaces, and standard library to extend it with a web interface and other features. While the function of the program changes dramatically, Go's flexibility preserves the original design as it grows.
</p>
<h3 id="go_concurrency_patterns"><a href="//www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6kdp27TYZs">Go Concurrency Patterns</a></h3>
<h3 id="go_concurrency_patterns"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6kdp27TYZs">Go Concurrency Patterns</a></h3>
<p>
Concurrency is the key to designing high performance network services. Go's concurrency primitives (goroutines and channels) provide a simple and efficient means of expressing concurrent execution. In this talk we see how tricky concurrency problems can be solved gracefully with simple Go code.
</p>
<h3 id="advanced_go_concurrency_patterns"><a href="//www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDDwwePbDtw">Advanced Go Concurrency Patterns</a></h3>
<h3 id="advanced_go_concurrency_patterns"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QDDwwePbDtw">Advanced Go Concurrency Patterns</a></h3>
<p>
This talk expands on the <i>Go Concurrency Patterns</i> talk to dive deeper into Go's concurrency primitives.
</p>

View File

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ will be easy for other Go programmers to understand.
<p>
This document gives tips for writing clear, idiomatic Go code.
It augments the <a href="/ref/spec">language specification</a>,
the <a href="//tour.golang.org/">Tour of Go</a>,
the <a href="http://tour.golang.org/">Tour of Go</a>,
and <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a>,
all of which you
should read first.
@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ should read first.
<h3 id="examples">Examples</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/src/">Go package sources</a>
The <a href="/src/pkg/">Go package sources</a>
are intended to serve not
only as the core library but also as examples of how to
use the language.
Moreover, many of the packages contain working, self-contained
executable examples you can run directly from the
<a href="//golang.org">golang.org</a> web site, such as
<a href="//golang.org/pkg/strings/#example_Map">this one</a> (if
<a href="http://golang.org">golang.org</a> web site, such as
<a href="http://golang.org/pkg/strings/#example_Map">this one</a> (if
necessary, click on the word "Example" to open it up).
If you have a question about how to approach a problem or how something
might be implemented, the documentation, code and examples in the
@@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ not be used.
One adjustment <code>godoc</code> does do is to display indented
text in a fixed-width font, suitable for program snippets.
The package comment for the
<a href="/pkg/fmt/"><code>fmt</code> package</a> uses this to good effect.
<a href="http://golang.org/pkg/fmt/"><code>fmt</code> package</a> uses this to good effect.
</p>
<p>
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ var (
</pre>
<p>
Grouping can also indicate relationships between items,
Even for private names, grouping can also indicate relationships between items,
such as the fact that a set of variables is protected by a mutex.
</p>
@@ -344,13 +344,13 @@ determines just which package is being used.
<p>
Another convention is that the package name is the base name of
its source directory;
the package in <code>src/encoding/base64</code>
the package in <code>src/pkg/encoding/base64</code>
is imported as <code>"encoding/base64"</code> but has name <code>base64</code>,
not <code>encoding_base64</code> and not <code>encodingBase64</code>.
</p>
<p>
The importer of a package will use the name to refer to its contents,
The importer of a package will use the name to refer to its contents.
so exported names in the package can use that fact
to avoid stutter.
(Don't use the <code>import .</code> notation, which can simplify
@@ -701,7 +701,6 @@ for _, value := range array {
<p>
The blank identifier has many uses, as described in <a href="#blank">a later section</a>.
</p>
<p>
For strings, the <code>range</code> does more work for you, breaking out individual
@@ -710,7 +709,7 @@ Erroneous encodings consume one byte and produce the
replacement rune U+FFFD.
(The name (with associated builtin type) <code>rune</code> is Go terminology for a
single Unicode code point.
See <a href="/ref/spec#Rune_literals">the language specification</a>
See <a href="http://golang.org/ref/spec#Rune_literals">the language specification</a>
for details.)
The loop
</p>
@@ -850,7 +849,7 @@ func Compare(a, b []byte) int {
}
</pre>
<h3 id="type_switch">Type switch</h3>
<h2 id="type_switch">Type switch</h2>
<p>
A switch can also be used to discover the dynamic type of an interface
@@ -1386,9 +1385,8 @@ func (file *File) Read(buf []byte) (n int, err error)
</pre>
<p>
The method returns the number of bytes read and an error value, if
any.
To read into the first 32 bytes of a larger buffer
<code>buf</code>, <i>slice</i> (here used as a verb) the buffer.
any. To read into the first 32 bytes of a larger buffer
<code>b</code>, <i>slice</i> (here used as a verb) the buffer.
</p>
<pre>
n, err := f.Read(buf[0:32])
@@ -1489,7 +1487,7 @@ If the slices might grow or shrink, they should be allocated independently
to avoid overwriting the next line; if not, it can be more efficient to construct
the object with a single allocation.
For reference, here are sketches of the two methods.
First, a line at a time:
First, a line a time:
</p>
<pre>
@@ -2056,22 +2054,10 @@ We pass the address of a <code>ByteSlice</code>
because only <code>*ByteSlice</code> satisfies <code>io.Writer</code>.
The rule about pointers vs. values for receivers is that value methods
can be invoked on pointers and values, but pointer methods can only be
invoked on pointers.
invoked on pointers. This is because pointer methods can modify the
receiver; invoking them on a copy of the value would cause those
modifications to be discarded.
</p>
<p>
This rule arises because pointer methods can modify the receiver; invoking
them on a value would cause the method to receive a copy of the value, so
any modifications would be discarded.
The language therefore disallows this mistake.
There is a handy exception, though. When the value is addressable, the
language takes care of the common case of invoking a pointer method on a
value by inserting the address operator automatically.
In our example, the variable <code>b</code> is addressable, so we can call
its <code>Write</code> method with just <code>b.Write</code>. The compiler
will rewrite that to <code>(&amp;b).Write</code> for us.
</p>
<p>
By the way, the idea of using <code>Write</code> on a slice of bytes
is central to the implementation of <code>bytes.Buffer</code>.
@@ -2187,7 +2173,6 @@ A one-case type switch would do, but so would a <em>type assertion</em>.
A type assertion takes an interface value and extracts from it a value of the specified explicit type.
The syntax borrows from the clause opening a type switch, but with an explicit
type rather than the <code>type</code> keyword:
</p>
<pre>
value.(typeName)
@@ -2478,8 +2463,6 @@ It has uses beyond those we've seen already.
<p>
The use of a blank identifier in a <code>for</code> <code>range</code> loop is a
special case of a general situation: multiple assignment.
</p>
<p>
If an assignment requires multiple values on the left side,
but one of the values will not be used by the program,
@@ -2954,19 +2937,26 @@ means waiting until some receiver has retrieved a value.
<p>
A buffered channel can be used like a semaphore, for instance to
limit throughput. In this example, incoming requests are passed
to <code>handle</code>, which sends a value into the channel, processes
the request, and then receives a value from the channel
to ready the &ldquo;semaphore&rdquo; for the next consumer.
to <code>handle</code>, which receives a value from the channel, processes
the request, and then sends a value back to the channel
to ready the "semaphore" for the next consumer.
The capacity of the channel buffer limits the number of
simultaneous calls to <code>process</code>.
simultaneous calls to <code>process</code>,
so during initialization we prime the channel by filling it to capacity.
</p>
<pre>
var sem = make(chan int, MaxOutstanding)
func handle(r *Request) {
sem &lt;- 1 // Wait for active queue to drain.
process(r) // May take a long time.
&lt;-sem // Done; enable next request to run.
&lt;-sem // Wait for active queue to drain.
process(r) // May take a long time.
sem &lt;- 1 // Done; enable next request to run.
}
func init() {
for i := 0; i &lt; MaxOutstanding; i++ {
sem &lt;- 1
}
}
func Serve(queue chan *Request) {
@@ -2978,9 +2968,10 @@ func Serve(queue chan *Request) {
</pre>
<p>
Once <code>MaxOutstanding</code> handlers are executing <code>process</code>,
any more will block trying to send into the filled channel buffer,
until one of the existing handlers finishes and receives from the buffer.
Because data synchronization occurs on a receive from a channel
(that is, the send "happens before" the receive; see
<a href="/ref/mem">The Go Memory Model</a>),
acquisition of the semaphore must be on a channel receive, not a send.
</p>
<p>
@@ -2997,10 +2988,10 @@ Here's an obvious solution, but beware it has a bug we'll fix subsequently:
<pre>
func Serve(queue chan *Request) {
for req := range queue {
sem &lt;- 1
&lt;-sem
go func() {
process(req) // Buggy; see explanation below.
&lt;-sem
sem &lt;- 1
}()
}
}</pre>
@@ -3018,10 +3009,10 @@ to the closure in the goroutine:
<pre>
func Serve(queue chan *Request) {
for req := range queue {
sem &lt;- 1
&lt;-sem
go func(req *Request) {
process(req)
&lt;-sem
sem &lt;- 1
}(req)
}
}</pre>
@@ -3036,11 +3027,11 @@ name, as in this example:
<pre>
func Serve(queue chan *Request) {
for req := range queue {
&lt;-sem
req := req // Create new instance of req for the goroutine.
sem &lt;- 1
go func() {
process(req)
&lt;-sem
sem &lt;- 1
}()
}
}</pre>
@@ -3214,7 +3205,7 @@ Although the concurrency features of Go can make some problems easy
to structure as parallel computations, Go is a concurrent language,
not a parallel one, and not all parallelization problems fit Go's model.
For a discussion of the distinction, see the talk cited in
<a href="//blog.golang.org/2013/01/concurrency-is-not-parallelism.html">this
<a href="http://blog.golang.org/2013/01/concurrency-is-not-parallelism.html">this
blog post</a>.
<h3 id="leaky_buffer">A leaky buffer</h3>
@@ -3287,18 +3278,9 @@ the garbage collector for bookkeeping.
<p>
Library routines must often return some sort of error indication to
the caller.
As mentioned earlier, Go's multivalue return makes it
the caller. As mentioned earlier, Go's multivalue return makes it
easy to return a detailed error description alongside the normal
return value.
It is good style to use this feature to provide detailed error information.
For example, as we'll see, <code>os.Open</code> doesn't
just return a <code>nil</code> pointer on failure, it also returns an
error value that describes what went wrong.
</p>
<p>
By convention, errors have type <code>error</code>,
return value. By convention, errors have type <code>error</code>,
a simple built-in interface.
</p>
<pre>
@@ -3310,12 +3292,7 @@ type error interface {
A library writer is free to implement this interface with a
richer model under the covers, making it possible not only
to see the error but also to provide some context.
As mentioned, alongside the usual <code>*os.File</code>
return value, <code>os.Open</code> also returns an
error value.
If the file is opened successfully, the error will be <code>nil</code>,
but when there is a problem, it will hold an
<code>os.PathError</code>:
For example, <code>os.Open</code> returns an <code>os.PathError</code>.
</p>
<pre>
// PathError records an error and the operation and

View File

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ contribution rules</a>.
<p>
The master sources for the gccgo frontend may be found at
<a href="//code.google.com/p/gofrontend">http://code.google.com/p/gofrontend</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/gofrontend">http://code.google.com/p/gofrontend</a>.
The master sources are not buildable by themselves, but only in
conjunction with GCC (in the future, other compilers may be
supported). Changes made to the gccgo frontend are also applied to
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ is mirrored to the <code>gcc/go/gofrontend</code> directory in the GCC
repository, and the <code>gofrontend</code> <code>libgo</code>
directory is mirrored to the GCC <code>libgo</code> directory. In
addition, the <code>test</code> directory
from <a href="//go.googlesource.com/go">the main Go repository</a>
from <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go">the main Go repository</a>
is mirrored to the <code>gcc/testsuite/go.test/test</code> directory
in the GCC repository.
</p>
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ from <code>gcc/go/gofrontend</code> to <code>gcc/go</code>.
<p>
The run-time library for gccgo is mostly the same as the library
in <a href="//go.googlesource.com/go">the main Go repository</a>.
in <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go">the main Go repository</a>.
The library code in the Go repository is periodically merged into
the <code>libgo/go</code> directory of the <code>gofrontend</code> and
then the GCC repositories, using the shell
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ script <code>libgo/merge.sh</code>. Accordingly, most library changes
should be made in the main Go repository. The files outside
of <code>libgo/go</code> are gccgo-specific; that said, some of the
files in <code>libgo/runtime</code> are based on files
in <code>src/runtime</code> in the main Go repository.
in <code>src/pkg/runtime</code> in the main Go repository.
</p>
<h2>Testing</h2>
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ or <code>gcc/testsuite/go.dg</code> directories in the GCC repository.
<p>
Changes to the Go frontend should follow the same process as for the
main Go repository, only for the <code>gofrontend</code> project and
the <code>gofrontend-dev@googlegroups.com</code> mailing list
the<code>gofrontend-dev@googlegroups.com</code> mailing list
rather than the <code>go</code> project and the
<code>golang-dev@googlegroups.com</code> mailing list. Those changes
will then be merged into the GCC sources.

View File

@@ -38,12 +38,8 @@ The GCC 4.7.1 release and all later 4.7 releases include a complete
<p>
Due to timing, the GCC 4.8.0 and 4.8.1 releases are close to but not
identical to Go 1.1. The GCC 4.8.2 release includes a complete Go
1.1.2 implementation.
</p>
<p>
The GCC 4.9 releases include a complete Go 1.2 implementation.
identical to Go 1.1. The GCC 4.8.2 release is expected to include a
complete Go 1.1.1 implementation.
</p>
<h2 id="Source_code">Source code</h2>
@@ -295,9 +291,9 @@ first one that it finds.
<ul>
<li><code><var>FILE</var>.gox</code>
<li><code><var>FILE</var>.o</code>
<li><code>lib<var>FILE</var>.so</code>
<li><code>lib<var>FILE</var>.a</code>
<li><code><var>FILE</var>.o</code>
</ul>
<p>
@@ -526,4 +522,4 @@ port is for x86. The goal is to extend the port to most of the
<a href="http://www.rtems.org/wiki/index.php/SupportedCPUs">
architectures supported by <code>RTEMS</code></a>. For more information on the port,
as well as instructions on how to install it, please see this
<a href="http://www.rtems.org/wiki/index.php/GCCGoRTEMS"><code>RTEMS</code> Wiki page</a>.
<a href="http://www.rtems.com/wiki/index.php/GCCGoRTEMS"><code>RTEMS</code> Wiki page</a>.

View File

@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ The race detector is documented in <a href="/doc/articles/race_detector.html">a
<p>
Due to the change of the <a href="#int"><code>int</code></a> to 64 bits and
a new internal <a href="//golang.org/s/go11func">representation of functions</a>,
a new internal <a href="http://golang.org/s/go11func">representation of functions</a>,
the arrangement of function arguments on the stack has changed in the gc tool chain.
Functions written in assembly will need to be revised at least
to adjust frame pointer offsets.

View File

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ The implementation may inject extra tests into the compiled program to enforce t
<p>
Further details are in the
<a href="//golang.org/s/go12nil">design document</a>.
<a href="http://golang.org/s/go12nil">design document</a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ It is possible that future releases of Go may introduce default values for these
<p>
Further details are in the
<a href="//golang.org/s/go12slice">design document</a>.
<a href="http://golang.org/s/go12slice">design document</a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -137,61 +137,12 @@ This means that any loop that includes a (non-inlined) function call can
be pre-empted, allowing other goroutines to run on the same thread.
</p>
<h3 id="thread_limit">Limit on the number of threads</h3>
<p>
Go 1.2 introduces a configurable limit (default 10,000) to the total number of threads
a single program may have in its address space, to avoid resource starvation
issues in some environments.
Note that goroutines are multiplexed onto threads so this limit does not directly
limit the number of goroutines, only the number that may be simultaneously blocked
in a system call.
In practice, the limit is hard to reach.
</p>
<p>
The new <a href="/pkg/runtime/debug/#SetMaxThreads"><code>SetMaxThreads</code></a> function in the
<a href="/pkg/runtime/debug/"><code>runtime/debug</code></a> package controls the thread count limit.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>:
Few functions will be affected by the limit, but if a program dies because it hits the
limit, it could be modified to call <code>SetMaxThreads</code> to set a higher count.
Even better would be to refactor the program to need fewer threads, reducing consumption
of kernel resources.
</p>
<h3 id="stack_size">Stack size</h3>
<p>
In Go 1.2, the minimum size of the stack when a goroutine is created has been lifted from 4KB to 8KB.
Many programs were suffering performance problems with the old size, which had a tendency
to introduce expensive stack-segment switching in performance-critical sections.
The new number was determined by empirical testing.
</p>
<p>
At the other end, the new function <a href="/pkg/runtime/debug/#SetMaxStack"><code>SetMaxStack</code></a>
in the <a href="/pkg/runtime/debug"><code>runtime/debug</code></a> package controls
the <em>maximum</em> size of a single goroutine's stack.
The default is 1GB on 64-bit systems and 250MB on 32-bit systems.
Before Go 1.2, it was too easy for a runaway recursion to consume all the memory on a machine.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>:
The increased minimum stack size may cause programs with many goroutines to use
more memory. There is no workaround, but plans for future releases
include new stack management technology that should address the problem better.
</p>
<h3 id="cgo_and_cpp">Cgo and C++</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/cmd/cgo/"><code>cgo</code></a> command will now invoke the C++
compiler to build any pieces of the linked-to library that are written in C++;
<a href="/cmd/cgo/">the documentation</a> has more detail.
compiler to build any pieces of the linked-to library that are written in C++; the
documentation has more detail.
</p>
<h3 id="go_tools_godoc">Godoc and vet moved to the go.tools subrepository</h3>
@@ -199,7 +150,7 @@ compiler to build any pieces of the linked-to library that are written in C++;
<p>
Both binaries are still included with the distribution, but the source code for the
godoc and vet commands has moved to the
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go.tools">go.tools</a> subrepository.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go.tools">go.tools</a> subrepository.
</p>
<p>
@@ -218,7 +169,7 @@ no client Go code depends on the their source and no updating is required.
</p>
<p>
The binary distributions available from <a href="//golang.org">golang.org</a>
The binary distributions available from <a href="http://golang.org">golang.org</a>
include these binaries, so users of these distributions are unaffected.
</p>
@@ -448,7 +399,7 @@ The new interfaces are called
and
<a href="/pkg/encoding/#TextUnmarshaler"><code>TextUnmarshaler</code></a>.
Full details are in the <a href="/pkg/encoding/">documentation</a> for the package
and a separate <a href="//golang.org/s/go12encoding">design document</a>.
and a separate <a href="http://golang.org/s/go12encoding">design document</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="fmt_indexed_arguments">The fmt package</h3>
@@ -736,8 +687,7 @@ now treats channel and function fields of structures as if they were unexported,
even if they are not. That is, it ignores them completely. Previously they would
trigger an error, which could cause unexpected compatibility problems if an
embedded structure added such a field.
The package also now supports the generic <code>BinaryMarshaler</code> and
<code>BinaryUnmarshaler</code> interfaces of the
The package also now supports the generic encoding interfaces of the
<a href="/pkg/encoding/"><code>encoding</code></a> package
described above.
</li>

View File

@@ -1,608 +0,0 @@
<!--{
"Title": "Go 1.3 Release Notes",
"Path": "/doc/go1.3",
"Template": true
}-->
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction to Go 1.3</h2>
<p>
The latest Go release, version 1.3, arrives six months after 1.2,
and contains no language changes.
It focuses primarily on implementation work, providing
precise garbage collection,
a major refactoring of the compiler tool chain that results in
faster builds, especially for large projects,
significant performance improvements across the board,
and support for DragonFly BSD, Solaris, Plan 9 and Google's Native Client architecture (NaCl).
It also has an important refinement to the memory model regarding synchronization.
As always, Go 1.3 keeps the <a href="/doc/go1compat.html">promise
of compatibility</a>,
and almost everything
will continue to compile and run without change when moved to 1.3.
</p>
<h2 id="os">Changes to the supported operating systems and architectures</h2>
<h3 id="win2000">Removal of support for Windows 2000</h3>
<p>
Microsoft stopped supporting Windows 2000 in 2010.
Since it has <a href="https://codereview.appspot.com/74790043">implementation difficulties</a>
regarding exception handling (signals in Unix terminology),
as of Go 1.3 it is not supported by Go either.
</p>
<h3 id="dragonfly">Support for DragonFly BSD</h3>
<p>
Go 1.3 now includes experimental support for DragonFly BSD on the <code>amd64</code> (64-bit x86) and <code>386</code> (32-bit x86) architectures.
It uses DragonFly BSD 3.6 or above.
</p>
<h3 id="freebsd">Support for FreeBSD</h3>
<p>
It was not announced at the time, but since the release of Go 1.2, support for Go on FreeBSD
requires FreeBSD 8 or above.
</p>
<p>
As of Go 1.3, support for Go on FreeBSD requires that the kernel be compiled with the
<code>COMPAT_FREEBSD32</code> flag configured.
</p>
<p>
In concert with the switch to EABI syscalls for ARM platforms, Go 1.3 will run only on FreeBSD 10.
The x86 platforms, 386 and amd64, are unaffected.
</p>
<h3 id="nacl">Support for Native Client</h3>
<p>
Support for the Native Client virtual machine architecture has returned to Go with the 1.3 release.
It runs on the 32-bit Intel architectures (<code>GOARCH=386</code>) and also on 64-bit Intel, but using
32-bit pointers (<code>GOARCH=amd64p32</code>).
There is not yet support for Native Client on ARM.
Note that this is Native Client (NaCl), not Portable Native Client (PNaCl).
Details about Native Client are <a href="https://developers.google.com/native-client/dev/">here</a>;
how to set up the Go version is described <a href="//golang.org/wiki/NativeClient">here</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="netbsd">Support for NetBSD</h3>
<p>
As of Go 1.3, support for Go on NetBSD requires NetBSD 6.0 or above.
</p>
<h3 id="openbsd">Support for OpenBSD</h3>
<p>
As of Go 1.3, support for Go on OpenBSD requires OpenBSD 5.5 or above.
</p>
<h3 id="plan9">Support for Plan 9</h3>
<p>
Go 1.3 now includes experimental support for Plan 9 on the <code>386</code> (32-bit x86) architecture.
It requires the <code>Tsemacquire</code> syscall, which has been in Plan 9 since June, 2012.
</p>
<h3 id="solaris">Support for Solaris</h3>
<p>
Go 1.3 now includes experimental support for Solaris on the <code>amd64</code> (64-bit x86) architecture.
It requires illumos, Solaris 11 or above.
</p>
<h2 id="memory">Changes to the memory model</h2>
<p>
The Go 1.3 memory model <a href="https://codereview.appspot.com/75130045">adds a new rule</a>
concerning sending and receiving on buffered channels,
to make explicit that a buffered channel can be used as a simple
semaphore, using a send into the
channel to acquire and a receive from the channel to release.
This is not a language change, just a clarification about an expected property of communication.
</p>
<h2 id="impl">Changes to the implementations and tools</h2>
<h3 id="stacks">Stack</h3>
<p>
Go 1.3 has changed the implementation of goroutine stacks away from the old,
"segmented" model to a contiguous model.
When a goroutine needs more stack
than is available, its stack is transferred to a larger single block of memory.
The overhead of this transfer operation amortizes well and eliminates the old "hot spot"
problem when a calculation repeatedly steps across a segment boundary.
Details including performance numbers are in this
<a href="//golang.org/s/contigstacks">design document</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="garbage_collector">Changes to the garbage collector</h3>
<p>
For a while now, the garbage collector has been <em>precise</em> when examining
values in the heap; the Go 1.3 release adds equivalent precision to values on the stack.
This means that a non-pointer Go value such as an integer will never be mistaken for a
pointer and prevent unused memory from being reclaimed.
</p>
<p>
Starting with Go 1.3, the runtime assumes that values with pointer type
contain pointers and other values do not.
This assumption is fundamental to the precise behavior of both stack expansion
and garbage collection.
Programs that use <a href="/pkg/unsafe/">package unsafe</a>
to store integers in pointer-typed values are illegal and will crash if the runtime detects the behavior.
Programs that use <a href="/pkg/unsafe/">package unsafe</a> to store pointers
in integer-typed values are also illegal but more difficult to diagnose during execution.
Because the pointers are hidden from the runtime, a stack expansion or garbage collection
may reclaim the memory they point at, creating
<a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dangling_pointer">dangling pointers</a>.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Code that uses <code>unsafe.Pointer</code> to convert
an integer-typed value held in memory into a pointer is illegal and must be rewritten.
Such code can be identified by <code>go vet</code>.
</p>
<h3 id="map">Map iteration</h3>
<p>
Iterations over small maps no longer happen in a consistent order.
Go 1 defines that &ldquo;<a href="//golang.org/ref/spec#For_statements">The iteration order over maps
is not specified and is not guaranteed to be the same from one iteration to the next.</a>&rdquo;
To keep code from depending on map iteration order,
Go 1.0 started each map iteration at a random index in the map.
A new map implementation introduced in Go 1.1 neglected to randomize
iteration for maps with eight or fewer entries, although the iteration order
can still vary from system to system.
This has allowed people to write Go 1.1 and Go 1.2 programs that
depend on small map iteration order and therefore only work reliably on certain systems.
Go 1.3 reintroduces random iteration for small maps in order to flush out these bugs.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: If code assumes a fixed iteration order for small maps,
it will break and must be rewritten not to make that assumption.
Because only small maps are affected, the problem arises most often in tests.
</p>
<h3 id="liblink">The linker</h3>
<p>
As part of the general <a href="//golang.org/s/go13linker">overhaul</a> to
the Go linker, the compilers and linkers have been refactored.
The linker is still a C program, but now the instruction selection phase that
was part of the linker has been moved to the compiler through the creation of a new
library called <code>liblink</code>.
By doing instruction selection only once, when the package is first compiled,
this can speed up compilation of large projects significantly.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Although this is a major internal change, it should have no
effect on programs.
</p>
<h3 id="gccgo">Status of gccgo</h3>
<p>
GCC release 4.9 will contain the Go 1.2 (not 1.3) version of gccgo.
The release schedules for the GCC and Go projects do not coincide,
which means that 1.3 will be available in the development branch but
that the next GCC release, 4.10, will likely have the Go 1.4 version of gccgo.
</p>
<h3 id="gocmd">Changes to the go command</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>cmd/go</code></a> command has several new
features.
The <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go run</code></a> and
<a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go test</code></a> subcommands
support a new <code>-exec</code> option to specify an alternate
way to run the resulting binary.
Its immediate purpose is to support NaCl.
</p>
<p>
The test coverage support of the <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go test</code></a>
subcommand now automatically sets the coverage mode to <code>-atomic</code>
when the race detector is enabled, to eliminate false reports about unsafe
access to coverage counters.
</p>
<p>
The <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go test</code></a> subcommand
now always builds the package, even if it has no test files.
Previously, it would do nothing if no test files were present.
</p>
<p>
The <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go build</code></a> subcommand
supports a new <code>-i</code> option to install dependencies
of the specified target, but not the target itself.
</p>
<p>
Cross compiling with <a href="/cmd/cgo/"><code>cgo</code></a> enabled
is now supported.
The CC_FOR_TARGET and CXX_FOR_TARGET environment
variables are used when running all.bash to specify the cross compilers
for C and C++ code, respectively.
</p>
<p>
Finally, the go command now supports packages that import Objective-C
files (suffixed <code>.m</code>) through cgo.
</p>
<h3 id="cgo">Changes to cgo</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/cmd/cgo/"><code>cmd/cgo</code></a> command,
which processes <code>import "C"</code> declarations in Go packages,
has corrected a serious bug that may cause some packages to stop compiling.
Previously, all pointers to incomplete struct types translated to the Go type <code>*[0]byte</code>,
with the effect that the Go compiler could not diagnose passing one kind of struct pointer
to a function expecting another.
Go 1.3 corrects this mistake by translating each different
incomplete struct to a different named type.
</p>
<p>
Given the C declaration <code>typedef struct S T</code> for an incomplete <code>struct S</code>,
some Go code used this bug to refer to the types <code>C.struct_S</code> and <code>C.T</code> interchangeably.
Cgo now explicitly allows this use, even for completed struct types.
However, some Go code also used this bug to pass (for example) a <code>*C.FILE</code>
from one package to another.
This is not legal and no longer works: in general Go packages
should avoid exposing C types and names in their APIs.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Code confusing pointers to incomplete types or
passing them across package boundaries will no longer compile
and must be rewritten.
If the conversion is correct and must be preserved,
use an explicit conversion via <a href="/pkg/unsafe/#Pointer"><code>unsafe.Pointer</code></a>.
</p>
<h3 id="swig">SWIG 3.0 required for programs that use SWIG</h3>
<p>
For Go programs that use SWIG, SWIG version 3.0 is now required.
The <a href="/cmd/go"><code>cmd/go</code></a> command will now link the
SWIG generated object files directly into the binary, rather than
building and linking with a shared library.
</p>
<h3 id="gc_flag">Command-line flag parsing</h3>
<p>
In the gc tool chain, the assemblers now use the
same command-line flag parsing rules as the Go flag package, a departure
from the traditional Unix flag parsing.
This may affect scripts that invoke the tool directly.
For example,
<code>go tool 6a -SDfoo</code> must now be written
<code>go tool 6a -S -D foo</code>.
(The same change was made to the compilers and linkers in <a href="/doc/go1.1#gc_flag">Go 1.1</a>.)
</p>
<h3 id="godoc">Changes to godoc</h3>
<p>
When invoked with the <code>-analysis</code> flag,
<a href="//godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc">godoc</a>
now performs sophisticated <a href="/lib/godoc/analysis/help.html">static
analysis</a> of the code it indexes.
The results of analysis are presented in both the source view and the
package documentation view, and include the call graph of each package
and the relationships between
definitions and references,
types and their methods,
interfaces and their implementations,
send and receive operations on channels,
functions and their callers, and
call sites and their callees.
</p>
<h3 id="misc">Miscellany</h3>
<p>
The program <code>misc/benchcmp</code> that compares
performance across benchmarking runs has been rewritten.
Once a shell and awk script in the main repository, it is now a Go program in the <code>go.tools</code> repo.
Documentation is <a href="//godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/benchcmp">here</a>.
</p>
<p>
For the few of us that build Go distributions, the tool <code>misc/dist</code> has been
moved and renamed; it now lives in <code>misc/makerelease</code>, still in the main repository.
</p>
<h2 id="performance">Performance</h2>
<p>
The performance of Go binaries for this release has improved in many cases due to changes
in the runtime and garbage collection, plus some changes to libraries.
Significant instances include:
</p>
<ul>
<li>
The runtime handles defers more efficiently, reducing the memory footprint by about two kilobytes
per goroutine that calls defer.
</li>
<li>
The garbage collector has been sped up, using a concurrent sweep algorithm,
better parallelization, and larger pages.
The cumulative effect can be a 50-70% reduction in collector pause time.
</li>
<li>
The race detector (see <a href="/doc/articles/race_detector.html">this guide</a>)
is now about 40% faster.
</li>
<li>
The regular expression package <a href="/pkg/regexp/"><code>regexp</code></a>
is now significantly faster for certain simple expressions due to the implementation of
a second, one-pass execution engine.
The choice of which engine to use is automatic;
the details are hidden from the user.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
Also, the runtime now includes in stack dumps how long a goroutine has been blocked,
which can be useful information when debugging deadlocks or performance issues.
</p>
<h2 id="library">Changes to the standard library</h2>
<h3 id="new_packages">New packages</h3>
<p>
A new package <a href="/pkg/debug/plan9obj/"><code>debug/plan9obj</code></a> was added to the standard library.
It implements access to Plan 9 <a href="http://plan9.bell-labs.com/magic/man2html/6/a.out">a.out</a> object files.
</p>
<h3 id="major_library_changes">Major changes to the library</h3>
<p>
A previous bug in <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/"><code>crypto/tls</code></a>
made it possible to skip verification in TLS inadvertently.
In Go 1.3, the bug is fixed: one must specify either ServerName or
InsecureSkipVerify, and if ServerName is specified it is enforced.
This may break existing code that incorrectly depended on insecure
behavior.
</p>
<p>
There is an important new type added to the standard library: <a href="/pkg/sync/#Pool"><code>sync.Pool</code></a>.
It provides an efficient mechanism for implementing certain types of caches whose memory
can be reclaimed automatically by the system.
</p>
<p>
The <a href="/pkg/testing/"><code>testing</code></a> package's benchmarking helper,
<a href="/pkg/testing/#B"><code>B</code></a>, now has a
<a href="/pkg/testing/#B.RunParallel"><code>RunParallel</code></a> method
to make it easier to run benchmarks that exercise multiple CPUs.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: The crypto/tls fix may break existing code, but such
code was erroneous and should be updated.
</p>
<h3 id="minor_library_changes">Minor changes to the library</h3>
<p>
The following list summarizes a number of minor changes to the library, mostly additions.
See the relevant package documentation for more information about each change.
</p>
<ul>
<li> In the <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/"><code>crypto/tls</code></a> package,
a new <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#DialWithDialer"><code>DialWithDialer</code></a>
function lets one establish a TLS connection using an existing dialer, making it easier
to control dial options such as timeouts.
The package also now reports the TLS version used by the connection in the
<a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#ConnectionState"><code>ConnectionState</code></a>
struct.
</li>
<li> The <a href="/pkg/crypto/x509/#CreateCertificate"><code>CreateCertificate</code></a>
function of the <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/"><code>crypto/tls</code></a> package
now supports parsing (and elsewhere, serialization) of PKCS #10 certificate
signature requests.
</li>
<li>
The formatted print functions of the <code>fmt</code> package now define <code>%F</code>
as a synonym for <code>%f</code> when printing floating-point values.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/math/big/"><code>math/big</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/math/big/#Int"><code>Int</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/math/big/#Rat"><code>Rat</code></a> types
now implement
<a href="/pkg/encoding/#TextMarshaler"><code>encoding.TextMarshaler</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/encoding/#TextUnmarshaler"><code>encoding.TextUnmarshaler</code></a>.
</li>
<li>
The complex power function, <a href="/pkg/math/cmplx/#Pow"><code>Pow</code></a>,
now specifies the behavior when the first argument is zero.
It was undefined before.
The details are in the <a href="/pkg/math/cmplx/#Pow">documentation for the function</a>.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package now exposes the
properties of a TLS connection used to make a client request in the new
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Response"><code>Response.TLS</code></a> field.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package now
allows setting an optional server error logger
with <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server"><code>Server.ErrorLog</code></a>.
The default is still that all errors go to stderr.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package now
supports disabling HTTP keep-alive connections on the server
with <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server.SetKeepAlivesEnabled"><code>Server.SetKeepAlivesEnabled</code></a>.
The default continues to be that the server does keep-alive (reuses
connections for multiple requests) by default.
Only resource-constrained servers or those in the process of graceful
shutdown will want to disable them.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package adds an optional
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport"><code>Transport.TLSHandshakeTimeout</code></a>
setting to cap the amount of time HTTP client requests will wait for
TLS handshakes to complete.
It's now also set by default
on <a href="/pkg/net/http#DefaultTransport"><code>DefaultTransport</code></a>.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#DefaultTransport"><code>DefaultTransport</code></a>,
used by the HTTP client code, now
enables <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keepalive#TCP_keepalive">TCP
keep-alives</a> by default.
Other <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport"><code>Transport</code></a>
values with a nil <code>Dial</code> field continue to function the same
as before: no TCP keep-alives are used.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package
now enables <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keepalive#TCP_keepalive">TCP
keep-alives</a> for incoming server requests when
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ListenAndServe"><code>ListenAndServe</code></a>
or
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ListenAndServeTLS"><code>ListenAndServeTLS</code></a>
are used.
When a server is started otherwise, TCP keep-alives are not enabled.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package now
provides an
optional <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Server"><code>Server.ConnState</code></a>
callback to hook various phases of a server connection's lifecycle
(see <a href="/pkg/net/http/#ConnState"><code>ConnState</code></a>).
This can be used to implement rate limiting or graceful shutdown.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package's HTTP
client now has an
optional <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Client"><code>Client.Timeout</code></a>
field to specify an end-to-end timeout on requests made using the
client.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request.ParseMultipartForm"><code>Request.ParseMultipartForm</code></a>
method will now return an error if the body's <code>Content-Type</code>
is not <code>mutipart/form-data</code>.
Prior to Go 1.3 it would silently fail and return <code>nil</code>.
Code that relies on the previous behavior should be updated.
</li>
<li> In the <a href="/pkg/net/"><code>net</code></a> package,
the <a href="/pkg/net/#Dialer"><code>Dialer</code></a> struct now
has a <code>KeepAlive</code> option to specify a keep-alive period for the connection.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport"><code>Transport</code></a>
now closes <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request"><code>Request.Body</code></a>
consistently, even on error.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/os/exec/"><code>os/exec</code></a> package now implements
what the documentation has always said with regard to relative paths for the binary.
In particular, it only calls <a href="/pkg/os/exec/#LookPath"><code>LookPath</code></a>
when the binary's file name contains no path separators.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/reflect/#Value.SetMapIndex"><code>SetMapIndex</code></a>
function in the <a href="/pkg/reflect/"><code>reflect</code></a> package
no longer panics when deleting from a <code>nil</code> map.
</li>
<li>
If the main goroutine calls
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#Goexit"><code>runtime.Goexit</code></a>
and all other goroutines finish execution, the program now always crashes,
reporting a detected deadlock.
Earlier versions of Go handled this situation inconsistently: most instances
were reported as deadlocks, but some trivial cases exited cleanly instead.
</li>
<li>
The runtime/debug package now has a new function
<a href="/pkg/runtime/debug/#WriteHeapDump"><code>debug.WriteHeapDump</code></a>
that writes out a description of the heap.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/strconv/#CanBackquote"><code>CanBackquote</code></a>
function in the <a href="/pkg/strconv/"><code>strconv</code></a> package
now considers the <code>DEL</code> character, <code>U+007F</code>, to be
non-printing.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/syscall/"><code>syscall</code></a> package now provides
<a href="/pkg/syscall/#SendmsgN"><code>SendmsgN</code></a>
as an alternate version of
<a href="/pkg/syscall/#Sendmsg"><code>Sendmsg</code></a>
that returns the number of bytes written.
</li>
<li>
On Windows, the <a href="/pkg/syscall/"><code>syscall</code></a> package now
supports the cdecl calling convention through the addition of a new function
<a href="/pkg/syscall/#NewCallbackCDecl"><code>NewCallbackCDecl</code></a>
alongside the existing function
<a href="/pkg/syscall/#NewCallback"><code>NewCallback</code></a>.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/testing/"><code>testing</code></a> package now
diagnoses tests that call <code>panic(nil)</code>, which are almost always erroneous.
Also, tests now write profiles (if invoked with profiling flags) even on failure.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/unicode/"><code>unicode</code></a> package and associated
support throughout the system has been upgraded from
Unicode 6.2.0 to <a href="http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.3.0/">Unicode 6.3.0</a>.
</li>
</ul>

View File

@@ -1,896 +0,0 @@
<!--{
"Title": "Go 1.4 Release Notes",
"Path": "/doc/go1.4",
"Template": true
}-->
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction to Go 1.4</h2>
<p>
The latest Go release, version 1.4, arrives as scheduled six months after 1.3.
</p>
<p>
It contains only one tiny language change,
in the form of a backwards-compatible simple variant of <code>for</code>-<code>range</code> loop,
and a possibly breaking change to the compiler involving methods on pointers-to-pointers.
</p>
<p>
The release focuses primarily on implementation work, improving the garbage collector
and preparing the ground for a fully concurrent collector to be rolled out in the
next few releases.
Stacks are now contiguous, reallocated when necessary rather than linking on new
"segments";
this release therefore eliminates the notorious "hot stack split" problem.
There are some new tools available including support in the <code>go</code> command
for build-time source code generation.
The release also adds support for ARM processors on Android and Native Client (NaCl)
and for AMD64 on Plan 9.
</p>
<p>
As always, Go 1.4 keeps the <a href="/doc/go1compat.html">promise
of compatibility</a>,
and almost everything
will continue to compile and run without change when moved to 1.4.
</p>
<h2 id="language">Changes to the language</h2>
<h3 id="forrange">For-range loops</h3>
<p>
Up until Go 1.3, <code>for</code>-<code>range</code> loop had two forms
</p>
<pre>
for i, v := range x {
...
}
</pre>
<p>
and
</p>
<pre>
for i := range x {
...
}
</pre>
<p>
If one was not interested in the loop values, only the iteration itself, it was still
necessary to mention a variable (probably the <a href="/ref/spec#Blank_identifier">blank identifier</a>, as in
<code>for</code> <code>_</code> <code>=</code> <code>range</code> <code>x</code>), because
the form
</p>
<pre>
for range x {
...
}
</pre>
<p>
was not syntactically permitted.
</p>
<p>
This situation seemed awkward, so as of Go 1.4 the variable-free form is now legal.
The pattern arises rarely but the code can be cleaner when it does.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: The change is strictly backwards compatible to existing Go
programs, but tools that analyze Go parse trees may need to be modified to accept
this new form as the
<code>Key</code> field of <a href="/pkg/go/ast/#RangeStmt"><code>RangeStmt</code></a>
may now be <code>nil</code>.
</p>
<h3 id="methodonpointertopointer">Method calls on **T</h3>
<p>
Given these declarations,
</p>
<pre>
type T int
func (T) M() {}
var x **T
</pre>
<p>
both <code>gc</code> and <code>gccgo</code> accepted the method call
</p>
<pre>
x.M()
</pre>
<p>
which is a double dereference of the pointer-to-pointer <code>x</code>.
The Go specification allows a single dereference to be inserted automatically,
but not two, so this call is erroneous according to the language definition.
It has therefore been disallowed in Go 1.4, which is a breaking change,
although very few programs will be affected.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Code that depends on the old, erroneous behavior will no longer
compile but is easy to fix by adding an explicit dereference.
</p>
<h2 id="os">Changes to the supported operating systems and architectures</h2>
<h3 id="android">Android</h3>
<p>
Go 1.4 can build binaries for ARM processors running the Android operating system.
It can also build a <code>.so</code> library that can be loaded by an Android application
using the supporting packages in the <a href="https://golang.org/x/mobile">mobile</a> subrepository.
A brief description of the plans for this experimental port are available
<a href="https://golang.org/s/go14android">here</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="naclarm">NaCl on ARM</h3>
<p>
The previous release introduced Native Client (NaCl) support for the 32-bit x86
(<code>GOARCH=386</code>)
and 64-bit x86 using 32-bit pointers (GOARCH=amd64p32).
The 1.4 release adds NaCl support for ARM (GOARCH=arm).
</p>
<h3 id="plan9amd64">Plan9 on AMD64</h3>
<p>
This release adds support for the Plan 9 operating system on AMD64 processors,
provided the kernel supports the <code>nsec</code> system call and uses 4K pages.
</p>
<h2 id="compatibility">Changes to the compatibility guidelines</h2>
<p>
The <a href="/pkg/unsafe/"><code>unsafe</code></a> package allows one
to defeat Go's type system by exploiting internal details of the implementation
or machine representation of data.
It was never explicitly specified what use of <code>unsafe</code> meant
with respect to compatibility as specified in the
<a href="go1compat.html">Go compatibility guidelines</a>.
The answer, of course, is that we can make no promise of compatibility
for code that does unsafe things.
</p>
<p>
We have clarified this situation in the documentation included in the release.
The <a href="go1compat.html">Go compatibility guidelines</a> and the
docs for the <a href="/pkg/unsafe/"><code>unsafe</code></a> package
are now explicit that unsafe code is not guaranteed to remain compatible.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Nothing technical has changed; this is just a clarification
of the documentation.
</p>
<h2 id="impl">Changes to the implementations and tools</h2>
<h3 id="runtime">Changes to the runtime</h3>
<p>
Prior to Go 1.4, the runtime (garbage collector, concurrency support, interface management,
maps, slices, strings, ...) was mostly written in C, with some assembler support.
In 1.4, much of the code has been translated to Go so that the garbage collector can scan
the stacks of programs in the runtime and get accurate information about what variables
are active.
This change was large but should have no semantic effect on programs.
</p>
<p>
This rewrite allows the garbage collector in 1.4 to be fully precise,
meaning that it is aware of the location of all active pointers in the program.
This means the heap will be smaller as there will be no false positives keeping non-pointers alive.
Other related changes also reduce the heap size, which is smaller by 10%-30% overall
relative to the previous release.
</p>
<p>
A consequence is that stacks are no longer segmented, eliminating the "hot split" problem.
When a stack limit is reached, a new, larger stack is allocated, all active frames for
the goroutine are copied there, and any pointers into the stack are updated.
Performance can be noticeably better in some cases and is always more predictable.
Details are available in <a href="https://golang.org/s/contigstacks">the design document</a>.
</p>
<p>
The use of contiguous stacks means that stacks can start smaller without triggering performance issues,
so the default starting size for a goroutine's stack in 1.4 has been reduced from 8192 bytes to 2048 bytes.
</p>
<p>
As preparation for the concurrent garbage collector scheduled for the 1.5 release,
writes to pointer values in the heap are now done by a function call,
called a write barrier, rather than directly from the function updating the value.
In this next release, this will permit the garbage collector to mediate writes to the heap while it is running.
This change has no semantic effect on programs in 1.4, but was
included in the release to test the compiler and the resulting performance.
</p>
<p>
The implementation of interface values has been modified.
In earlier releases, the interface contained a word that was either a pointer or a one-word
scalar value, depending on the type of the concrete object stored.
This implementation was problematical for the garbage collector,
so as of 1.4 interface values always hold a pointer.
In running programs, most interface values were pointers anyway,
so the effect is minimal, but programs that store integers (for example) in
interfaces will see more allocations.
</p>
<p>
As of Go 1.3, the runtime crashes if it finds a memory word that should contain
a valid pointer but instead contains an obviously invalid pointer (for example, the value 3).
Programs that store integers in pointer values may run afoul of this check and crash.
In Go 1.4, setting the <a href="/pkg/runtime/"><code>GODEBUG</code></a> variable
<code>invalidptr=0</code> disables
the crash as a workaround, but we cannot guarantee that future releases will be
able to avoid the crash; the correct fix is to rewrite code not to alias integers and pointers.
</p>
<h3 id="asm">Assembly</h3>
<p>
The language accepted by the assemblers <code>cmd/5a</code>, <code>cmd/6a</code>
and <code>cmd/8a</code> has had several changes,
mostly to make it easier to deliver type information to the runtime.
</p>
<p>
First, the <code>textflag.h</code> file that defines flags for <code>TEXT</code> directives
has been copied from the linker source directory to a standard location so it can be
included with the simple directive
</p>
<pre>
#include "textflag.h"
</pre>
<p>
The more important changes are in how assembler source can define the necessary
type information.
For most programs it will suffice to move data
definitions (<code>DATA</code> and <code>GLOBL</code> directives)
out of assembly into Go files
and to write a Go declaration for each assembly function.
The <a href="/doc/asm#runtime">assembly document</a> describes what to do.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>:
Assembly files that include <code>textflag.h</code> from its old
location will still work, but should be updated.
For the type information, most assembly routines will need no change,
but all should be examined.
Assembly source files that define data,
functions with non-empty stack frames, or functions that return pointers
need particular attention.
A description of the necessary (but simple) changes
is in the <a href="/doc/asm#runtime">assembly document</a>.
</p>
<p>
More information about these changes is in the <a href="/doc/asm">assembly document</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="gccgo">Status of gccgo</h3>
<p>
The release schedules for the GCC and Go projects do not coincide.
GCC release 4.9 contains the Go 1.2 version of gccgo.
The next release, GCC 5, will likely have the Go 1.4 version of gccgo.
</p>
<h3 id="internalpackages">Internal packages</h3>
<p>
Go's package system makes it easy to structure programs into components with clean boundaries,
but there are only two forms of access: local (unexported) and global (exported).
Sometimes one wishes to have components that are not exported,
for instance to avoid acquiring clients of interfaces to code that is part of a public repository
but not intended for use outside the program to which it belongs.
</p>
<p>
The Go language does not have the power to enforce this distinction, but as of Go 1.4 the
<a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go</code></a> command introduces
a mechanism to define "internal" packages that may not be imported by packages outside
the source subtree in which they reside.
</p>
<p>
To create such a package, place it in a directory named <code>internal</code> or in a subdirectory of a directory
named internal.
When the <code>go</code> command sees an import of a package with <code>internal</code> in its path,
it verifies that the package doing the import
is within the tree rooted at the parent of the <code>internal</code> directory.
For example, a package <code>.../a/b/c/internal/d/e/f</code>
can be imported only by code in the directory tree rooted at <code>.../a/b/c</code>.
It cannot be imported by code in <code>.../a/b/g</code> or in any other repository.
</p>
<p>
For Go 1.4, the internal package mechanism is enforced for the main Go repository;
from 1.5 and onward it will be enforced for any repository.
</p>
<p>
Full details of the mechanism are in
<a href="https://golang.org/s/go14internal">the design document</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="canonicalimports">Canonical import paths</h3>
<p>
Code often lives in repositories hosted by public services such as <code>github.com</code>,
meaning that the import paths for packages begin with the name of the hosting service,
<code>github.com/rsc/pdf</code> for example.
One can use
<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Remote_import_paths">an existing mechanism</a>
to provide a "custom" or "vanity" import path such as
<code>rsc.io/pdf</code>, but
that creates two valid import paths for the package.
That is a problem: one may inadvertently import the package through the two
distinct paths in a single program, which is wasteful;
miss an update to a package because the path being used is not recognized to be
out of date;
or break clients using the old path by moving the package to a different hosting service.
</p>
<p>
Go 1.4 introduces an annotation for package clauses in Go source that identify a canonical
import path for the package.
If an import is attempted using a path that is not canonical,
the <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go</code></a> command
will refuse to compile the importing package.
</p>
<p>
The syntax is simple: put an identifying comment on the package line.
For our example, the package clause would read:
</p>
<pre>
package pdf // import "rsc.io/pdf"
</pre>
<p>
With this in place,
the <code>go</code> command will
refuse to compile a package that imports <code>github.com/rsc/pdf</code>,
ensuring that the code can be moved without breaking users.
</p>
<p>
The check is at build time, not download time, so if <code>go</code> <code>get</code>
fails because of this check, the mis-imported package has been copied to the local machine
and should be removed manually.
</p>
<p>
To complement this new feature, a check has been added at update time to verify
that the local package's remote repository matches that of its custom import.
The <code>go</code> <code>get</code> <code>-u</code> command will fail to
update a package if its remote repository has changed since it was first
downloaded.
The new <code>-f</code> flag overrides this check.
</p>
<p>
Further information is in
<a href="https://golang.org/s/go14customimport">the design document</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="subrepo">Import paths for the subrepositories</h3>
<p>
The Go project subrepositories (<code>code.google.com/p/go.tools</code> and so on)
are now available under custom import paths replacing <code>code.google.com/p/go.</code> with <code>golang.org/x/</code>,
as in <code>golang.org/x/tools</code>.
We will add canonical import comments to the code around June 1, 2015,
at which point Go 1.4 and later will stop accepting the old <code>code.google.com</code> paths.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: All code that imports from subrepositories should change
to use the new <code>golang.org</code> paths.
Go 1.0 and later can resolve and import the new paths, so updating will not break
compatibility with older releases.
Code that has not updated will stop compiling with Go 1.4 around June 1, 2015.
</p>
<h3 id="gogenerate">The go generate subcommand</h3>
<p>
The <a href="/cmd/go/"><code>go</code></a> command has a new subcommand,
<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Generate_Go_files_by_processing_source"><code>go generate</code></a>,
to automate the running of tools to generate source code before compilation.
For example, it can be used to run the <a href="/cmd/yacc"><code>yacc</code></a>
compiler-compiler on a <code>.y</code> file to produce the Go source file implementing the grammar,
or to automate the generation of <code>String</code> methods for typed constants using the new
<a href="http://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/stringer">stringer</a>
tool in the <code>golang.org/x/tools</code> subrepository.
</p>
<p>
For more information, see the
<a href="https://golang.org/s/go1.4-generate">design document</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="filenames">Change to file name handling</h3>
<p>
Build constraints, also known as build tags, control compilation by including or excluding files
(see the documentation <a href="/pkg/go/build/"><code>/go/build</code></a>).
Compilation can also be controlled by the name of the file itself by "tagging" the file with
a suffix (before the <code>.go</code> or <code>.s</code> extension) with an underscore
and the name of the architecture or operating system.
For instance, the file <code>gopher_arm.go</code> will only be compiled if the target
processor is an ARM.
</p>
<p>
Before Go 1.4, a file called just <code>arm.go</code> was similarly tagged, but this behavior
can break sources when new architectures are added, causing files to suddenly become tagged.
In 1.4, therefore, a file will be tagged in this manner only if the tag (architecture or operating
system name) is preceded by an underscore.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Packages that depend on the old behavior will no longer compile correctly.
Files with names like <code>windows.go</code> or <code>amd64.go</code> should either
have explicit build tags added to the source or be renamed to something like
<code>os_windows.go</code> or <code>support_amd64.go</code>.
</p>
<h3 id="gocmd">Other changes to the go command</h3>
<p>
There were a number of minor changes to the
<a href="/cmd/go/"><code>cmd/go</code></a>
command worth noting.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
Unless <a href="/cmd/cgo/"><code>cgo</code></a> is being used to build the package,
the <code>go</code> command now refuses to compile C source files,
since the relevant C compilers
(<a href="/cmd/6c/"><code>6c</code></a> etc.)
are intended to be removed from the installation in some future release.
(They are used today only to build part of the runtime.)
It is difficult to use them correctly in any case, so any extant uses are likely incorrect,
so we have disabled them.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Test_packages"><code>go</code> <code>test</code></a>
subcommand has a new flag, <code>-o</code>, to set the name of the resulting binary,
corresponding to the same flag in other subcommands.
The non-functional <code>-file</code> flag has been removed.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Test_packages"><code>go</code> <code>test</code></a>
subcommand will compile and link all <code>*_test.go</code> files in the package,
even when there are no <code>Test</code> functions in them.
It previously ignored such files.
</li>
<li>
The behavior of the
<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Test_packages"><code>go</code> <code>build</code></a>
subcommand's
<code>-a</code> flag has been changed for non-development installations.
For installations running a released distribution, the <code>-a</code> flag will no longer
rebuild the standard library and commands, to avoid overwriting the installation's files.
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="pkg">Changes to package source layout</h3>
<p>
In the main Go source repository, the source code for the packages was kept in
the directory <code>src/pkg</code>, which made sense but differed from
other repositories, including the Go subrepositories.
In Go 1.4, the<code> pkg</code> level of the source tree is now gone, so for example
the <a href="/pkg/fmt/"><code>fmt</code></a> package's source, once kept in
directory <code>src/pkg/fmt</code>, now lives one level higher in <code>src/fmt</code>.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Tools like <code>godoc</code> that discover source code
need to know about the new location. All tools and services maintained by the Go team
have been updated.
</p>
<h3 id="swig">SWIG</h3>
<p>
Due to runtime changes in this release, Go 1.4 requires SWIG 3.0.3.
</p>
<h3 id="misc">Miscellany</h3>
<p>
The standard repository's top-level <code>misc</code> directory used to contain
Go support for editors and IDEs: plugins, initialization scripts and so on.
Maintaining these was becoming time-consuming
and needed external help because many of the editors listed were not used by
members of the core team.
It also required us to make decisions about which plugin was best for a given
editor, even for editors we do not use.
</p>
<p>
The Go community at large is much better suited to managing this information.
In Go 1.4, therefore, this support has been removed from the repository.
Instead, there is a curated, informative list of what's available on
a <a href="//golang.org/wiki/IDEsAndTextEditorPlugins">wiki page</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="performance">Performance</h2>
<p>
Most programs will run about the same speed or slightly faster in 1.4 than in 1.3;
some will be slightly slower.
There are many changes, making it hard to be precise about what to expect.
</p>
<p>
As mentioned above, much of the runtime was translated to Go from C,
which led to some reduction in heap sizes.
It also improved performance slightly because the Go compiler is better
at optimization, due to things like inlining, than the C compiler used to build
the runtime.
</p>
<p>
The garbage collector was sped up, leading to measurable improvements for
garbage-heavy programs.
On the other hand, the new write barriers slow things down again, typically
by about the same amount but, depending on their behavior, some programs
may be somewhat slower or faster.
</p>
<p>
Library changes that affect performance are documented below.
</p>
<h2 id="library">Changes to the standard library</h2>
<h3 id="new_packages">New packages</h3>
<p>
There are no new packages in this release.
</p>
<h3 id="major_library_changes">Major changes to the library</h3>
<h4 id="scanner">bufio.Scanner</h4>
<p>
The <a href="/pkg/bufio/#Scanner"><code>Scanner</code></a> type in the
<a href="/pkg/bufio/"><code>bufio</code></a> package
has had a bug fixed that may require changes to custom
<a href="/pkg/bufio/#SplitFunc"><code>split functions</code></a>.
The bug made it impossible to generate an empty token at EOF; the fix
changes the end conditions seen by the split function.
Previously, scanning stopped at EOF if there was no more data.
As of 1.4, the split function will be called once at EOF after input is exhausted,
so the split function can generate a final empty token
as the documentation already promised.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Custom split functions may need to be modified to
handle empty tokens at EOF as desired.
</p>
<h4 id="syscall">syscall</h4>
<p>
The <a href="/pkg/syscall/"><code>syscall</code></a> package is now frozen except
for changes needed to maintain the core repository.
In particular, it will no longer be extended to support new or different system calls
that are not used by the core.
The reasons are described at length in <a href="https://golang.org/s/go1.4-syscall">a
separate document</a>.
</p>
<p>
A new subrepository, <a href="https://golang.org/x/sys">golang.org/x/sys</a>,
has been created to serve as the location for new developments to support system
calls on all kernels.
It has a nicer structure, with three packages that each hold the implementation of
system calls for one of
<a href="http://godoc.org/golang.org/x/sys/unix">Unix</a>,
<a href="http://godoc.org/golang.org/x/sys/windows">Windows</a> and
<a href="http://godoc.org/golang.org/x/sys/plan9">Plan 9</a>.
These packages will be curated more generously, accepting all reasonable changes
that reflect kernel interfaces in those operating systems.
See the documentation and the article mentioned above for more information.
</p>
<p>
<em>Updating</em>: Existing programs are not affected as the <code>syscall</code>
package is largely unchanged from the 1.3 release.
Future development that requires system calls not in the <code>syscall</code> package
should build on <code>golang.org/x/sys</code> instead.
</p>
<h3 id="minor_library_changes">Minor changes to the library</h3>
<p>
The following list summarizes a number of minor changes to the library, mostly additions.
See the relevant package documentation for more information about each change.
</p>
<ul>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/archive/zip/"><code>archive/zip</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/archive/zip/#Writer"><code>Writer</code></a> now supports a
<a href="/pkg/archive/zip/#Writer.Flush"><code>Flush</code></a> method.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/compress/flate/"><code>compress/flate</code></a>,
<a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/"><code>compress/gzip</code></a>,
and <a href="/pkg/compress/zlib/"><code>compress/zlib</code></a>
packages now support a <code>Reset</code> method
for the decompressors, allowing them to reuse buffers and improve performance.
The <a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/"><code>compress/gzip</code></a> package also has a
<a href="/pkg/compress/gzip/#Reader.Multistream"><code>Multistream</code></a> method to control support
for multistream files.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/crypto/"><code>crypto</code></a> package now has a
<a href="/pkg/crypto/#Signer"><code>Signer</code></a> interface, implemented by the
<code>PrivateKey</code> types in
<a href="/pkg/crypto/ecdsa"><code>crypto/ecdsa</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/crypto/rsa"><code>crypto/rsa</code></a>.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/"><code>crypto/tls</code></a> package
now supports ALPN as defined in <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7301">RFC 7301</a>.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/"><code>crypto/tls</code></a> package
now supports programmatic selection of server certificates
through the new <a href="/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config.CertificateForName"><code>CertificateForName</code></a> function
of the <a href="/pkg/crypo/tls/#Config"><code>Config</code></a> struct.
</li>
<li>
Also in the crypto/tls package, the server now supports
<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-tls-downgrade-scsv-00">TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV</a>
to help clients detect fallback attacks.
(The Go client does not support fallback at all, so it is not vulnerable to
those attacks.)
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/database/sql/"><code>database/sql</code></a> package can now list all registered
<a href="/pkg/database/sql/#Drivers"><code>Drivers</code></a>.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/debug/dwarf/"><code>debug/dwarf</code></a> package now supports
<a href="/pkg/debug/dwarf/#UnspecifiedType"><code>UnspecifiedType</code></a>s.
</li>
<li>
In the <a href="/pkg/encoding/asn1/"><code>encoding/asn1</code></a> package,
optional elements with a default value will now only be omitted if they have that value.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/encoding/csv/"><code>encoding/csv</code></a> package no longer
quotes empty strings but does quote the end-of-data marker <code>\.</code> (backslash dot).
This is permitted by the definition of CSV and allows it to work better with Postgres.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/encoding/gob/"><code>encoding/gob</code></a> package has been rewritten to eliminate
the use of unsafe operations, allowing it to be used in environments that do not permit use of the
<a href="/pkg/unsafe/"><code>unsafe</code></a> package.
For typical uses it will be 10-30% slower, but the delta is dependent on the type of the data and
in some cases, especially involving arrays, it can be faster.
There is no functional change.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/encoding/xml/"><code>encoding/xml</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/encoding/xml/#Decoder"><code>Decoder</code></a> can now report its input offset.
</li>
<li>
In the <a href="/pkg/fmt/"><code>fmt</code></a> package,
formatting of pointers to maps has changed to be consistent with that of pointers
to structs, arrays, and so on.
For instance, <code>&amp;map[string]int{"one":</code> <code>1}</code> now prints by default as
<code>&amp;map[one:</code> <code>1]</code> rather than as a hexadecimal pointer value.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/image/"><code>image</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/image/#Image"><code>Image</code></a>
implementations like
<a href="/pkg/image/#RGBA"><code>RGBA</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/image/#Gray"><code>Gray</code></a> have specialized
<a href="/pkg/image/#RGBA.RGBAAt"><code>RGBAAt</code></a> and
<a href="/pkg/image/#Gray.GrayAt"><code>GrayAt</code></a> methods alongside the general
<a href="/pkg/image/#Image.At"><code>At</code></a> method.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/image/png/"><code>image/png</code></a> package now has an
<a href="/pkg/image/png/#Encoder"><code>Encoder</code></a>
type to control the compression level used for encoding.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/math/"><code>math</code></a> package now has a
<a href="/pkg/math/#Nextafter32"><code>Nextafter32</code><a/> function.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request"><code>Request</code></a> type
has a new <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request.BasicAuth"><code>BasicAuth</code></a> method
that returns the username and password from authenticated requests using the
HTTP Basic Authentication
Scheme.
</li>
<li>The <a href="/pkg/net/http/"><code>net/http</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#Request"><code>Transport</code></a> type
has a new <a href="/pkg/net/http/#Transport.DialTLS"><code>DialTLS</code></a> hook
that allows customizing the behavior of outbound TLS connections.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/net/http/httputil/"><code>net/http/httputil</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/net/http/httputil/#ReverseProxy"><code>ReverseProxy</code></a> type
has a new field,
<a href="/pkg/net/http/#ReverseProxy.ErrorLog"><code>ErrorLog</code></a>, that
provides user control of logging.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/os/"><code>os</code></a> package
now implements symbolic links on the Windows operating system
through the <a href="/pkg/os/#Symlink"><code>Symlink</code></a> function.
Other operating systems already have this functionality.
There is also a new <a href="/pkg/os/#Unsetenv"><code>Unsetenv</code></a> function.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/reflect/"><code>reflect</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/reflect/#Type"><code>Type</code></a> interface
has a new method, <a href="/pkg/reflect/#type.Comparable"><code>Comparable</code></a>,
that reports whether the type implements general comparisons.
</li>
<li>
Also in the <a href="/pkg/reflect/"><code>reflect</code></a> package, the
<a href="/pkg/reflect/#Value"><code>Value</code></a> interface is now three instead of four words
because of changes to the implementation of interfaces in the runtime.
This saves memory but has no semantic effect.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/runtime/"><code>runtime</code></a> package
now implements monotonic clocks on Windows,
as it already did for the other systems.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/runtime/"><code>runtime</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#MemStats.Mallocs"><code>Mallocs</code></a> counter
now counts very small allocations that were missed in Go 1.3.
This may break tests using <a href="/pkg/runtime/#ReadMemStats"><code>ReadMemStats</code></a>
or <a href="/pkg/testing/#AllocsPerRun"><code>AllocsPerRun</code></a>
due to the more accurate answer.
</li>
<li>
In the <a href="/pkg/runtime/"><code>runtime</code></a> package,
an array <a href="/pkg/runtime/#MemStats.PauseEnd"><code>PauseEnd</code></a>
has been added to the
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#MemStats"><code>MemStats</code></a>
and <a href="/pkg/runtime/#GCStats"><code>GCStats</code></a> structs.
This array is a circular buffer of times when garbage collection pauses ended.
The corresponding pause durations are already recorded in
<a href="/pkg/runtime/#MemStats.PauseNs"><code>PauseNs</code></a>
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/runtime/race/"><code>runtime/race</code></a> package
now supports FreeBSD, which means the
<a href="/pkg/cmd/go/"><code>go</code></a> command's <code>-race</code>
flag now works on FreeBSD.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/"><code>sync/atomic</code></a> package
has a new type, <a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/#Value"><code>Value</code></a>.
<code>Value</code> provides an efficient mechanism for atomic loads and
stores of values of arbitrary type.
</li>
<li>
In the <a href="/pkg/syscall/"><code>syscall</code></a> package's
implementation on Linux, the
<a href="/pkg/syscall/#Setuid"><code>Setuid</code></a>
and <a href="/pkg/syscall/#Setgid"><code>Setgid</code></a> have been disabled
because those system calls operate on the calling thread, not the whole process, which is
different from other platforms and not the expected result.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/testing/"><code>testing</code></a> package
has a new facility to provide more control over running a set of tests.
If the test code contains a function
<pre>
func TestMain(m *<a href="/pkg/testing/#M"><code>testing.M</code></a>)
</pre>
that function will be called instead of running the tests directly.
The <code>M</code> struct contains methods to access and run the tests.
</li>
<li>
Also in the <a href="/pkg/testing/"><code>testing</code></a> package,
a new <a href="/pkg/testing/#Coverage"><code>Coverage</code></a>
function reports the current test coverage fraction,
enabling individual tests to report how much they are contributing to the
overall coverage.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/text/scanner/"><code>text/scanner</code></a> package's
<a href="/pkg/text/scanner/#Scanner"><code>Scanner</code></a> type
has a new function,
<a href="/pkg/text/scanner/#Scanner.IsIdentRune"><code>IsIdentRune</code></a>,
allowing one to control the definition of an identifier when scanning.
</li>
<li>
The <a href="/pkg/text/template/"><code>text/template</code></a> package's boolean
functions <code>eq</code>, <code>lt</code>, and so on have been generalized to allow comparison
of signed and unsigned integers, simplifying their use in practice.
(Previously one could only compare values of the same signedness.)
All negative values compare less than all unsigned values.
</li>
<li>
The <code>time</code> package now uses the standard symbol for the micro prefix,
the micro symbol (U+00B5 'µ'), to print microsecond durations.
<a href="/pkg/time/#ParseDuration"><code>ParseDuration</code></a> still accepts <code>us</code>
but the package no longer prints microseconds as <code>us</code>.
<br>
<em>Updating</em>: Code that depends on the output format of durations
but does not use ParseDuration will need to be updated.
</li>
</ul>

View File

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
Overall:
build: Go 1.4 required to build (https://golang.org/cl/2470, https://golang.org/cl/2993)
New Ports:
Darwin/ARM, a.k.a iOS. (https://golang.org/cl/2118, 2119, 3273, 2121, 2122, ..., 2127)
API additions and behavior changes:
bufio: add Reader.Discard (https://golang.org/cl/2260)
crypto/cipher: clarify what will happen if len(src) != len(dst) for the Stream interface. (https://golang.org/cl/1754)
crypto/elliptic: add Name field to CurveParams struct (https://golang.org/cl/2133)
crypto/tls: change default minimum version to TLS 1.0. (https://golang.org/cl/1791)
encoding/base64: add unpadded encodings (https://golang.org/cl/1511)
log: add SetOutput functions (https://golang.org/cl/2686, https://golang.org/cl/3023)
net/http: support for setting trailers from a server Handler (https://golang.org/cl/2157)
net/http/cgi: fix REMOTE_ADDR, REMOTE_HOST, add REMOTE_PORT (https://golang.org/cl/4933)
net/smtp: add TLSConnectionState accessor (https://golang.org/cl/2151)
os/signal: add Ignore and Reset (https://golang.org/cl/3580)
runtime, syscall: use SYSCALL instruction on FreeBSD (Go 1.5 now requires FreeBSD 8-STABLE+) (https://golang.org/cl/3020)
strings: add Compare(x, y string) int, for symmetry with bytes.Compare (https://golang.org/cl/2828)
testing/quick: support generation of arrays (https://golang.org/cl/3865)
Tools:
cmd/go: std wildcard now excludes commands in main repo (https://golang.org/cl/5550)
cmd/vet: better validation of struct tags (https://golang.org/cl/2685)
cmd/ld: no longer record build timestamp in Windows PE file header (https://golang.org/cl/3740)
Performance:
cmd/gc: optimize memclr of slices and arrays (https://golang.org/cl/2520)
sort: number of Sort performance optimizations (https://golang.org/cl/2100, https://golang.org/cl/2614, ...)
strconv: optimize decimal to string conversion (https://golang.org/cl/2105)
math/big: faster assembly kernels for amd64 and 386 (https://golang.org/cl/2503, https://golang.org/cl/2560)
math/big: faster "pure Go" kernels for platforms w/o assembly kernels (https://golang.org/cl/2480)
Assembler:
ARM assembly syntax has had some features removed.
- mentioning SP or PC as a hardware register
These are always pseudo-registers except that in some contexts
they're not, and it's confusing because the context should not affect
which register you mean. Change the references to the hardware
registers to be explicit: R13 for SP, R15 for PC.
- constant creation using assignment
The files say a=b when they could instead say #define a b.
There is no reason to have both mechanisms.
- R(0) to refer to R0.
Some macros use this to a great extent. Again, it's easy just to
use a #define to rename a register.
Also expression evaluation now uses uint64s instead of signed integers and the
precedence of operators is now Go-like rather than C-like.

View File

@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ into subdirectories. For instance, <code>utf8</code> and
<code>utf16</code> now occupy subdirectories of <code>unicode</code>.
Also, <a href="#subrepo">some packages</a> have moved into
subrepositories of
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go"><code>code.google.com/p/go</code></a>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go"><code>code.google.com/p/go</code></a>
while <a href="#deleted">others</a> have been deleted outright.
</p>
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@ by hand.
<p>
Because they are not standardized, the packages under the <code>exp</code> directory will not be available in the
standard Go 1 release distributions, although they will be available in source code form
in <a href="//code.google.com/p/go/">the repository</a> for
in <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/">the repository</a> for
developers who wish to use them.
</p>
@@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ and also the command <code>gotry</code>.
<em>Updating</em>:
Code that uses <code>container/vector</code> should be updated to use
slices directly. See
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki/SliceTricks">the Go
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki/SliceTricks">the Go
Language Community Wiki</a> for some suggestions.
Code that uses the other packages (there should be almost zero) will need to be rethought.
</p>
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ Code that uses the other packages (there should be almost zero) will need to be
<p>
Go 1 has moved a number of packages into other repositories, usually sub-repositories of
<a href="//code.google.com/p/go/">the main Go repository</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/">the main Go repository</a>.
This table lists the old and new import paths:
<table class="codetable" frame="border" summary="Sub-repositories">
@@ -1695,7 +1695,7 @@ The compiler will catch code using the old interface.
The <a href="/pkg/regexp/"><code>regexp</code></a> package has been rewritten.
It has the same interface but the specification of the regular expressions
it supports has changed from the old "egrep" form to that of
<a href="//code.google.com/p/re2/">RE2</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/re2/">RE2</a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -1912,7 +1912,7 @@ package <a href="/pkg/reflect/"><code>reflect</code></a>.
<em>Updating</em>:
Code using these functions must be rewritten to use
package <a href="/pkg/reflect/"><code>reflect</code></a>.
The changes to <a href="//golang.org/change/2646dc956207">encoding/gob</a> and the <a href="//code.google.com/p/goprotobuf/source/detail?r=5340ad310031">protocol buffer library</a>
The changes to <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=2646dc956207">encoding/gob</a> and the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/goprotobuf/source/detail?r=5340ad310031">protocol buffer library</a>
may be helpful as examples.
</p>
@@ -2035,4 +2035,4 @@ They are available for many combinations of architecture and operating system
Installation details are described on the
<a href="/doc/install">Getting Started</a> page, while
the distributions themselves are listed on the
<a href="https://golang.org/dl/">downloads page</a>.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads/list">downloads page</a>.

View File

@@ -83,16 +83,16 @@ break if the bug is fixed. We reserve the right to fix such bugs.
<li>
Struct literals. For the addition of features in later point
releases, it may be necessary to add fields to exported structs in
the API. Code that uses unkeyed struct literals (such as pkg.T{3,
the API. Code that uses untagged struct literals (such as pkg.T{3,
"x"}) to create values of these types would fail to compile after
such a change. However, code that uses keyed literals (pkg.T{A:
such a change. However, code that uses tagged literals (pkg.T{A:
3, B: "x"}) will continue to compile after such a change. We will
update such data structures in a way that allows keyed struct
literals to remain compatible, although unkeyed literals may fail
update such data structures in a way that allows tagged struct
literals to remain compatible, although untagged literals may fail
to compile. (There are also more intricate cases involving nested
data structures or interfaces, but they have the same resolution.)
We therefore recommend that composite literals whose type is defined
in a separate package should use the keyed notation.
in a separate package should use the tagged notation.
</li>
<li>
@@ -104,14 +104,6 @@ outside of tests, and using it may cause a program to fail
to compile in future releases.
</li>
<li>
Use of package <code>unsafe</code>. Packages that import
<a href="/pkg/unsafe/"><code>unsafe</code></a>
may depend on internal properties of the Go implementation.
We reserve the right to make changes to the implementation
that may break such programs.
</li>
</ul>
<p>
@@ -153,28 +145,13 @@ developed software based on Go 1.
<p>
Code in sub-repositories of the main go tree, such as
<a href="//golang.org/x/net">golang.org/x/net</a>,
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go.net">code.google.com/p/go.net</a>,
may be developed under
looser compatibility requirements. However, the sub-repositories
will be tagged as appropriate to identify versions that are compatible
with the Go 1 point releases.
</p>
<h2 id="operating_systems">Operating systems</h2>
<p>
It is impossible to guarantee long-term compatibility with operating
system interfaces, which are changed by outside parties.
The <a href="/pkg/syscall/"><code>syscall</code></a> package
is therefore outside the purview of the guarantees made here.
As of Go version 1.4, the <code>syscall</code> package is frozen.
Any evolution of the system call interface must be supported elsewhere,
such as in the
<a href="//golang.org/x/sys">go.sys</a> subrepository.
For details and background, see
<a href="//golang.org/s/go1.4-syscall">this document</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="tools">Tools</h2>
<p>

View File

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ software on multicore machines.
<p>
A much more expansive answer to this question is available in the article,
<a href="//talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article">Go at Google:
<a href="http://talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article">Go at Google:
Language Design in the Service of Software Engineering</a>.
<h3 id="What_is_the_status_of_the_project">
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ What is the status of the project?</h3>
<p>
Go became a public open source project on November 10, 2009.
After a couple of years of very active design and development, stability was called for and
Go 1 was <a href="//blog.golang.org/2012/03/go-version-1-is-released.html">released</a>
Go 1 was <a href="http://blog.golang.org/2012/03/go-version-1-is-released.html">released</a>
on March 28, 2012.
Go 1, which includes a <a href="/ref/spec">language specification</a>,
<a href="/pkg/">standard libraries</a>,
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ language was called for.
</p>
<p>
The article <a href="//talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article">Go at Google</a>
The article <a href="http://talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article">Go at Google</a>
discusses the background and motivation behind the design of the Go language,
as well as providing more detail about many of the answers presented in this FAQ.
</p>
@@ -221,14 +221,14 @@ easier to understand what happens when things combine.
<p>
Yes. There are now several Go programs deployed in
production inside Google. A public example is the server behind
<a href="//golang.org">golang.org</a>.
<a href="http://golang.org">http://golang.org</a>.
It's just the <a href="/cmd/godoc"><code>godoc</code></a>
document server running in a production configuration on
<a href="https://developers.google.com/appengine/">Google App Engine</a>.
</p>
<p>
Other examples include the <a href="//github.com/youtube/vitess/">Vitess</a>
Other examples include the <a href="https://code.google.com/p/vitess/">Vitess</a>
system for large-scale SQL installations and Google's download server, <code>dl.google.com</code>,
which delivers Chrome binaries and other large installables such as <code>apt-get</code>
packages.
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ Does Go support Google's protocol buffers?</h3>
<p>
A separate open source project provides the necessary compiler plugin and library.
It is available at
<a href="//github.com/golang/protobuf">github.com/golang/protobuf/</a>
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/goprotobuf/">http://code.google.com/p/goprotobuf/</a>
</p>
@@ -270,9 +270,9 @@ Can I translate the Go home page into another language?</h3>
<p>
Absolutely. We encourage developers to make Go Language sites in their own languages.
However, if you choose to add the Google logo or branding to your site
(it does not appear on <a href="//golang.org/">golang.org</a>),
(it does not appear on <a href="http://golang.org/">golang.org</a>),
you will need to abide by the guidelines at
<a href="//www.google.com/permissions/guidelines.html">www.google.com/permissions/guidelines.html</a>
<a href="http://www.google.com/permissions/guidelines.html">http://www.google.com/permissions/guidelines.html</a>
</p>
<h2 id="Design">Design</h2>
@@ -426,20 +426,18 @@ When a coroutine blocks, such as by calling a blocking system call,
the run-time automatically moves other coroutines on the same operating
system thread to a different, runnable thread so they won't be blocked.
The programmer sees none of this, which is the point.
The result, which we call goroutines, can be very cheap: they have little
overhead beyond the memory for the stack, which is just a few kilobytes.
The result, which we call goroutines, can be very cheap: unless they spend a lot of time
in long-running system calls, they cost little more than the memory
for the stack, which is just a few kilobytes.
</p>
<p>
To make the stacks small, Go's run-time uses resizable, bounded stacks. A newly
To make the stacks small, Go's run-time uses segmented stacks. A newly
minted goroutine is given a few kilobytes, which is almost always enough.
When it isn't, the run-time grows (and shrinks) the memory for storing
the stack automatically, allowing many goroutines to live in a modest
amount of memory.
The CPU overhead averages about three cheap instructions per function call.
When it isn't, the run-time allocates (and frees) extension segments automatically.
The overhead averages about three cheap instructions per function call.
It is practical to create hundreds of thousands of goroutines in the same
address space.
If goroutines were just threads, system resources would
address space. If goroutines were just threads, system resources would
run out at a much smaller number.
</p>
@@ -448,7 +446,7 @@ Why are map operations not defined to be atomic?</h3>
<p>
After long discussion it was decided that the typical use of maps did not require
safe access from multiple goroutines, and in those cases where it did, the map was
safe access from multiple threads, and in those cases where it did, the map was
probably part of some larger data structure or computation that was already
synchronized. Therefore requiring that all map operations grab a mutex would slow
down most programs and add safety to few. This was not an easy decision,
@@ -466,7 +464,7 @@ Will you accept my language change?</h3>
<p>
People often suggest improvements to the language—the
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">mailing list</a>
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">mailing list</a>
contains a rich history of such discussions—but very few of these changes have
been accepted.
</p>
@@ -484,7 +482,7 @@ to start talking about what that might be.
<p>
Even if your proposal is compatible with the Go 1 spec, it might
not be in the spirit of Go's design goals.
The article <i><a href="//talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article">Go
The article <i><a href="http://talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article">Go
at Google: Language Design in the Service of Software Engineering</a></i>
explains Go's origins and the motivation behind its design.
</p>
@@ -889,11 +887,6 @@ type is generic; if you care about how many bits an integer holds, Go
encourages you to be explicit.
</p>
<p>
A blog post, title <a href="http://blog.golang.org/constants">Constants</a>,
explores this topic in more detail.
</p>
<h3 id="builtin_maps">
Why are maps built in?</h3>
<p>
@@ -945,9 +938,9 @@ How are libraries documented?</h3>
There is a program, <code>godoc</code>, written in Go, that extracts
package documentation from the source code. It can be used on the
command line or on the web. An instance is running at
<a href="/pkg/">golang.org/pkg/</a>.
<a href="http://golang.org/pkg/">http://golang.org/pkg/</a>.
In fact, <code>godoc</code> implements the full site at
<a href="/">golang.org/</a>.
<a href="http://golang.org/">http://golang.org/</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="Is_there_a_Go_programming_style_guide">
@@ -964,19 +957,11 @@ compendium of do's and don'ts that allows interpretation.
All the Go code in the repository has been run through <code>gofmt</code>.
</p>
<p>
The document titled
<a href="//golang.org/s/comments">Go Code Review Comments</a>
is a collection of very short essays about details of Go idiom that are often
missed by programmers.
It is a handy reference for people doing code reviews for Go projects.
</p>
<h3 id="How_do_I_submit_patches_to_the_Go_libraries">
How do I submit patches to the Go libraries?</h3>
<p>
The library sources are in the <code>src</code> directory of the repository.
The library sources are in <code>go/src/pkg</code>.
If you want to make a significant change, please discuss on the mailing list before embarking.
</p>
@@ -986,6 +971,32 @@ See the document
for more information about how to proceed.
</p>
<h3 id="Why_does_the_project_use_Mercurial_and_not_git">
Why does the project use Mercurial and not git?</h3>
<p>
The Go project, hosted by Google Code at
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go">code.google.com/p/go</a>,
uses Mercurial as its version control system.
When the project launched,
Google Code supported only Subversion and Mercurial.
Mercurial was a better choice because of its plugin mechanism
that allowed us to create the "codereview" plugin to connect
the project to the excellent code review tools at
<a href="http://codereview.appspot.com">codereview.appspot.com</a>.
</p>
<p>
Programmers who work
with the Go project's source rather than release downloads sometimes
ask for the project to switch to git.
That would be possible, but it would be a lot of work and
would also require reimplementing the codereview plugin.
Given that Mercurial works today, with code review support,
combined with the Go project's mostly linear, non-branching use of
version control, a switch to git doesn't seem worthwhile.
</p>
<h3 id="git_https">
Why does "go get" use HTTPS when cloning a repository?</h3>
@@ -1089,7 +1100,7 @@ error but the situation can still be confusing, because sometimes a
<a href="#different_method_sets">pointer
is necessary to satisfy an interface</a>.
The insight is that although a pointer to a concrete type can satisfy
an interface, with one exception <em>a pointer to an interface can never satisfy an interface</em>.
an interface, with one exception <em>a pointer to an interface can never satisfy a interface</em>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -1283,7 +1294,7 @@ Do not communicate by sharing memory. Instead, share memory by communicating.
</p>
<p>
See the <a href="/doc/codewalk/sharemem/">Share Memory By Communicating</a> code walk and its <a href="//blog.golang.org/2010/07/share-memory-by-communicating.html">associated article</a> for a detailed discussion of this concept.
See the <a href="/doc/codewalk/sharemem/">Share Memory By Communicating</a> code walk and its <a href="http://blog.golang.org/2010/07/share-memory-by-communicating.html">associated article</a> for a detailed discussion of this concept.
</p>
<h3 id="Why_no_multi_CPU">
@@ -1300,7 +1311,7 @@ run-time support to utilize more than one OS thread.
Programs that perform parallel computation should benefit from an increase in
<code>GOMAXPROCS</code>.
However, be aware that
<a href="//blog.golang.org/2013/01/concurrency-is-not-parallelism.html">concurrency
<a href="http://blog.golang.org/2013/01/concurrency-is-not-parallelism.html">concurrency
is not parallelism</a>.
</p>
@@ -1330,14 +1341,14 @@ to speed it up.
</p>
<p>
Go's goroutine scheduler is not as good as it needs to be. In the future, it
Go's goroutine scheduler is not as good as it needs to be. In future, it
should recognize such cases and optimize its use of OS threads. For now,
<code>GOMAXPROCS</code> should be set on a per-application basis.
</p>
<p>
For more detail on this topic see the talk entitled,
<a href="//blog.golang.org/2013/01/concurrency-is-not-parallelism.html">Concurrency
<a href="http://blog.golang.org/2013/01/concurrency-is-not-parallelism.html">Concurrency
is not Parallelism</a>.
<h2 id="Functions_methods">Functions and Methods</h2>
@@ -1416,7 +1427,7 @@ each closure shares that single variable. When the closure runs, it prints the
value of <code>v</code> at the time <code>fmt.Println</code> is executed,
but <code>v</code> may have been modified since the goroutine was launched.
To help detect this and other problems before they happen, run
<a href="/cmd/go/#hdr-Run_go_tool_vet_on_packages"><code>go vet</code></a>.
<a href="http://golang.org/cmd/go/#hdr-Run_go_tool_vet_on_packages"><code>go vet</code></a>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -1550,7 +1561,7 @@ table-driven, iterating over a list of inputs and outputs defined
in a data structure (Go has excellent support for data structure literals).
The work to write a good test and good error messages will then be amortized over many
test cases. The standard Go library is full of illustrative examples, such as in
<a href="/src/fmt/fmt_test.go">the formatting tests for the <code>fmt</code> package</a>.
<a href="/src/pkg/fmt/fmt_test.go">the formatting tests for the <code>fmt</code> package</a>.
</p>
@@ -1569,46 +1580,35 @@ and uses a variant of the Plan 9 loader to generate ELF/Mach-O/PE binaries.
</p>
<p>
We considered using LLVM for <code>gc</code> but we felt it was too large and
slow to meet our performance goals.
</p>
<p>
We also considered writing <code>gc</code>, the original Go compiler, in Go itself but
We considered writing <code>gc</code>, the original Go compiler, in Go itself but
elected not to do so because of the difficulties of bootstrapping and
especially of open source distribution&mdash;you'd need a Go compiler to
set up a Go environment. <code>Gccgo</code>, which came later, makes it possible to
consider writing a compiler in Go.
A plan to do that by machine translation of the existing compiler is under development.
<a href="http://golang.org/s/go13compiler">A separate document</a>
explains the reason for this approach.
consider writing a compiler in Go, which might well happen.
(Go would be a
fine language in which to implement a compiler; a native lexer and
parser are already available in the <a href="/pkg/go/"><code>go</code></a> package
and a type checker is in the works.)
</p>
<p>
That plan aside,
Go is a
fine language in which to implement a self-hosting compiler: a native lexer and
parser are already available in the <a href="/pkg/go/"><code>go</code></a> package
and a separate type checking
<a href="http://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/go/types">package</a>
has also been written.
We also considered using LLVM for <code>gc</code> but we felt it was too large and
slow to meet our performance goals.
</p>
<h3 id="How_is_the_run_time_support_implemented">
How is the run-time support implemented?</h3>
<p>
Again due to bootstrapping issues, the run-time code was originally written mostly in C (with a
tiny bit of assembler) although much of it has been translated to Go since then
and one day all of it might be (except for the assembler bits).
<code>Gccgo</code>'s run-time support uses <code>glibc</code>.
<code>Gc</code> uses a custom C library to keep the footprint under
Again due to bootstrapping issues, the run-time code is mostly in C (with a
tiny bit of assembler) although Go is capable of implementing most of
it now. <code>Gccgo</code>'s run-time support uses <code>glibc</code>.
<code>Gc</code> uses a custom library to keep the footprint under
control; it is
compiled with a version of the Plan 9 C compiler that supports
resizable stacks for goroutines.
The <code>gccgo</code> compiler implements these on Linux only,
using a technique called segmented stacks,
supported by recent modifications to the gold linker.
segmented stacks for goroutines.
The <code>gccgo</code> compiler implements segmented
stacks on Linux only, supported by recent modifications to the gold linker.
</p>
<h3 id="Why_is_my_trivial_program_such_a_large_binary">
@@ -1626,8 +1626,8 @@ A simple C "hello, world" program compiled and linked statically using gcc
on Linux is around 750 kB,
including an implementation of <code>printf</code>.
An equivalent Go program using <code>fmt.Printf</code>
is around 1.9 MB, but
that includes more powerful run-time support and type information.
is around 1.2 MB, but
that includes more powerful run-time support.
</p>
<h3 id="unused_variables_and_imports">
@@ -1635,17 +1635,14 @@ Can I stop these complaints about my unused variable/import?</h3>
<p>
The presence of an unused variable may indicate a bug, while
unused imports just slow down compilation,
an effect that can become substantial as a program accumulates
code and programmers over time.
For these reasons, Go refuses to compile programs with unused
variables or imports,
trading short-term convenience for long-term build speed and
program clarity.
unused imports just slow down compilation.
Accumulate enough unused imports in your code tree and
things can get very slow.
For these reasons, Go allows neither.
</p>
<p>
Still, when developing code, it's common to create these situations
When developing code, it's common to create these situations
temporarily and it can be annoying to have to edit them out before the
program will compile.
</p>
@@ -1687,14 +1684,6 @@ func main() {
}
</pre>
<p>
Nowadays, most Go programmers use a tool,
<a href="http://godoc.org/golang.org/x/tools/cmd/goimports">goimports</a>,
which automatically rewrites a Go source file to have the correct imports,
eliminating the unused imports issue in practice.
This program is easily connected to most editors to run automatically when a Go source file is written.
</p>
<h2 id="Performance">Performance</h2>
<h3 id="Why_does_Go_perform_badly_on_benchmark_x">
@@ -1736,7 +1725,7 @@ In any case, Go can often be very competitive.
There has been significant improvement in the performance of many programs
as the language and tools have developed.
See the blog post about
<a href="//blog.golang.org/2011/06/profiling-go-programs.html">profiling
<a href="http://blog.golang.org/2011/06/profiling-go-programs.html">profiling
Go programs</a> for an informative example.
<h2 id="change_from_c">Changes from C</h2>
@@ -1895,7 +1884,7 @@ considerable control over memory layout and allocation, much more than
is typical in garbage-collected languages. A careful programmer can reduce
the garbage collection overhead dramatically by using the language well;
see the article about
<a href="//blog.golang.org/2011/06/profiling-go-programs.html">profiling
<a href="http://blog.golang.org/2011/06/profiling-go-programs.html">profiling
Go programs</a> for a worked example, including a demonstration of Go's
profiling tools.
</p>

View File

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
<!--{
"Title": "The Go Memory Model",
"Subtitle": "Version of May 31, 2014",
"Subtitle": "Version of March 6, 2012",
"Path": "/ref/mem"
}-->
@@ -21,29 +21,6 @@ reads of a variable in one goroutine can be guaranteed to
observe values produced by writes to the same variable in a different goroutine.
</p>
<h2>Advice</h2>
<p>
Programs that modify data being simultaneously accessed by multiple goroutines
must serialize such access.
</p>
<p>
To serialize access, protect the data with channel operations or other synchronization primitives
such as those in the <a href="/pkg/sync/"><code>sync</code></a>
and <a href="/pkg/sync/atomic/"><code>sync/atomic</code></a> packages.
</p>
<p>
If you must read the rest of this document to understand the behavior of your program,
you are being too clever.
</p>
<p>
Don't be clever.
</p>
<h2>Happens Before</h2>
<p>
@@ -297,41 +274,6 @@ then the program would not be guaranteed to print
crash, or do something else.)
</p>
<p class="rule">
The <i>k</i>th receive on a channel with capacity <i>C</i> happens before the <i>k</i>+<i>C</i>th send from that channel completes.
</p>
<p>
This rule generalizes the previous rule to buffered channels.
It allows a counting semaphore to be modeled by a buffered channel:
the number of items in the channel corresponds to the number of active uses,
the capacity of the channel corresponds to the maximum number of simultaneous uses,
sending an item acquires the semaphore, and receiving an item releases
the semaphore.
This is a common idiom for limiting concurrency.
</p>
<p>
This program starts a goroutine for every entry in the work list, but the
goroutines coordinate using the <code>limit</code> channel to ensure
that at most three are running work functions at a time.
</p>
<pre>
var limit = make(chan int, 3)
func main() {
for _, w := range work {
go func() {
limit <- 1
w()
<-limit
}()
}
select{}
}
</pre>
<h3>Locks</h3>
<p>

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@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
The Go gopher was designed by Renee French. (http://reneefrench.blogspot.com/)
The design is licensed under the Creative Commons 3.0 Attributions license.
Read this article for more details: http://blog.golang.org/gopher

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@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ Need help with Go? Try these resources.
<h3 id="wiki"><a href="/wiki">The Go Wiki</a></h3>
<p>A wiki maintained by the Go community.</p>
<h3 id="mailinglist"><a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts Mailing List</a></h3>
<h3 id="mailinglist"><a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts Mailing List</a></h3>
<p>
Search the <a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">golang-nuts</a>
Search the <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">golang-nuts</a>
archives and consult the <a href="/doc/go_faq.html">FAQ</a> and
<a href="//golang.org/wiki">wiki</a> before posting.
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki">wiki</a> before posting.
</p>
<h3 id="irc"><a href="irc:irc.freenode.net/go-nuts">Go IRC Channel</a></h3>
@@ -37,9 +37,9 @@ Go IRC channel.</p>
<h3 id="plus"><a href="https://plus.google.com/101406623878176903605/posts">The Go Programming Language at Google+</a></h3>
<p>The Go project's Google+ page.</p>
<h3 id="twitter"><a href="//twitter.com/golang">@golang at Twitter</a></h3>
<h3 id="twitter"><a href="http://twitter.com/golang">@golang at Twitter</a></h3>
<p>The Go project's official Twitter account.</p>
<p>Tweeting about your problem with the <code>#golang</code> hashtag usually
<p>Tweeting your about problem with the <code>#golang</code> hashtag usually
generates some helpful responses.</p>
<h3 id="go_user_groups"><a href="/wiki/GoUserGroups">Go User Groups</a></h3>

View File

@@ -69,46 +69,50 @@ goroutines, such as stacks that grow and shrink on demand.
</p>
<p>
The compilers can target the DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, Linux, NetBSD, OpenBSD,
OS X (Darwin), Plan 9, Solaris and Windows operating systems.
The compilers can target the FreeBSD, Linux, NetBSD, OpenBSD, OS X (Darwin), Plan 9,
and Windows operating systems.
The full set of supported combinations is listed in the discussion of
<a href="#environment">environment variables</a> below.
</p>
</div>
<h2 id="go14">Install Go compiler binaries</h2>
<h2 id="ctools">Install C tools, if needed</h2>
<p>
The Go tool chain is written in Go. To build it, you need a Go compiler installed.
The scripts that do the initial build of the tools look for an existing Go tool
chain in <code>$HOME/go1.4</code>.
(This path may be overridden by setting the <code>GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP</code>
environment variable.)
The Go tool chain is written in C. To build it, you need a C compiler installed.
Please refer to the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki/InstallFromSource#Install_C_tools">InstallFromSource</a>
page on the Go community Wiki for operating system specific instructions.
</p>
<h2 id="mercurial">Install Mercurial, if needed</h2>
<p>
To perform the next step you must have Mercurial installed. (Check that you
have an <code>hg</code> command.)
</p>
<p>
Build the tools with Go version 1.4 or a point release (1.4.1, 1.4.2 etc.).
Go 1.4 binaries can be found at <a href="/dl/">the downloads page</a>.
</p>
<p>
Download the zip or tarball of Go 1.4 for your platform and extract it to
<code>$HOME/go1.4</code> (or your nominated <code>GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP</code>
location).
</p>
<h2 id="git">Install Git, if needed</h2>
<p>
To perform the next step you must have Git installed. (Check that you
have a <code>git</code> command before proceeding.)
</p>
<p>
If you do not have a working Git installation,
If you do not have a working Mercurial installation,
follow the instructions on the
<a href="http://git-scm.com/downloads">Git downloads</a> page.
<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/downloads/">Mercurial downloads</a> page.
</p>
<p>
Mercurial versions 1.7.x and up require the configuration of
<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/CACertificates">Certification Authorities</a>
(CAs). Error messages of the form:
</p>
<pre>
warning: code.google.com certificate with fingerprint b1:af: ... bc not verified (check hostfingerprints or web.cacerts config setting)
</pre>
<p>
when using Mercurial indicate that the CAs are missing.
Check your Mercurial version (<code>hg --version</code>) and
<a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/CACertificates#Configuration_of_HTTPS_certificate_authorities">configure the CAs</a>
if necessary.
</p>
@@ -117,24 +121,22 @@ follow the instructions on the
<p>Go will install to a directory named <code>go</code>.
Change to the directory that will be its parent
and make sure the <code>go</code> directory does not exist.
Then clone the repository and check out the latest release tag:</p>
Then check out the repository:</p>
<pre>
$ git clone https://go.googlesource.com/go
$ cd go
$ git checkout go1.4
$ hg clone -u release https://code.google.com/p/go
</pre>
<h2 id="head">(Optional) Switch to the master branch</h2>
<h2 id="head">(Optional) Switch to the default branch</h2>
<p>If you intend to modify the go source code, and
<a href="/doc/contribute.html">contribute your changes</a>
to the project, then move your repository
off the release branch, and onto the master (development) branch.
off the release branch, and onto the default (development) branch.
Otherwise, skip this step.</p>
<pre>
$ git checkout master
$ hg update default
</pre>
<h2 id="install">Install Go</h2>
@@ -174,10 +176,6 @@ architecture, and root directory used during the install.
<p>
For more information about ways to control the build, see the discussion of
<a href="#environment">environment variables</a> below.
<code>all.bash</code> (or <code>all.bat</code>) runs important tests for Go,
which can take more time than simply building Go. If you do not want to run
the test suite use <code>make.bash</code> (or <code>make.bat</code>)
instead.
</p>
</div>
@@ -218,33 +216,20 @@ If you see the "hello, world" message then Go is installed correctly.
<h2 id="gopath">Set up your work environment</h2>
<p>
You're almost done.
You just need to do a little more setup.
The document <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a> explains how to
set up a work environment in which to build and test Go code.
</p>
<p>
<a href="/doc/code.html" class="download" id="start">
<span class="big">How to Write Go Code</span>
<span class="desc">Learn how to set up and use the Go tools</span>
</a>
</p>
<p>
The <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a> document
provides <b>essential setup instructions</b> for using the Go tools.
</p>
<h2 id="tools">Install additional tools</h2>
<p>
The source code for several Go tools (including <a href="/cmd/godoc/">godoc</a>)
is kept in <a href="https://golang.org/x/tools">the go.tools repository</a>.
is kept in <a href="https://code.google.com/p/go.tools">the go.tools repository</a>.
To install all of them, run the <code>go</code> <code>get</code> command:
</p>
<pre>
$ go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/...
$ go get code.google.com/p/go.tools/cmd/...
</pre>
<p>
@@ -252,12 +237,12 @@ Or if you just want to install a specific command (<code>godoc</code> in this ca
</p>
<pre>
$ go get golang.org/x/tools/cmd/godoc
$ go get code.google.com/p/go.tools/cmd/godoc
</pre>
<p>
To install these tools, the <code>go</code> <code>get</code> command requires
that <a href="#git">Git</a> be installed locally.
that <a href="#mercurial">Mercurial</a> be installed locally.
</p>
<p>
@@ -281,27 +266,31 @@ You can access the latter commands with
The usual community resources such as
<code>#go-nuts</code> on the <a href="http://freenode.net/">Freenode</a> IRC server
and the
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts</a>
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts</a>
mailing list have active developers that can help you with problems
with your installation or your development work.
For those who wish to keep up to date,
there is another mailing list, <a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-checkins">golang-checkins</a>,
there is another mailing list, <a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-checkins">golang-checkins</a>,
that receives a message summarizing each checkin to the Go repository.
</p>
<p>
Bugs can be reported using the <a href="//golang.org/issue/new">Go issue tracker</a>.
Bugs can be reported using the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/list">Go issue tracker</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="releases">Keeping up with releases</h2>
<p>
New releases are announced on the
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>
The Go project maintains a stable tag in its Mercurial repository:
<code>release</code>.
</p>
<p>
The <code>release</code> tag refers to the current stable release of Go.
Most Go users should use this version. New releases are announced on the
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>
mailing list.
Each announcement mentions the latest release tag, for instance,
<code>go1.4</code>.
</p>
<p>
@@ -310,13 +299,11 @@ To update an existing tree to the latest release, you can run:
<pre>
$ cd go/src
$ git fetch
$ git checkout <i>&lt;tag&gt;</i>
$ hg pull
$ hg update release
$ ./all.bash
</pre>
Where <code>&lt;tag&gt;</code> is the version string of the release.
<h2 id="environment">Optional environment variables</h2>
@@ -354,9 +341,9 @@ These default to the values of <code>$GOHOSTOS</code> and
<p>
Choices for <code>$GOOS</code> are
<code>darwin</code> (Mac OS X 10.6 and above), <code>dragonfly</code>, <code>freebsd</code>,
<code>darwin</code> (Mac OS X 10.6 and above), <code>freebsd</code>,
<code>linux</code>, <code>netbsd</code>, <code>openbsd</code>,
<code>plan9</code>, <code>solaris</code> and <code>windows</code>.
<code>plan9</code>, and <code>windows</code>.
Choices for <code>$GOARCH</code> are
<code>amd64</code> (64-bit x86, the most mature port),
<code>386</code> (32-bit x86), and <code>arm</code> (32-bit ARM).
@@ -372,12 +359,6 @@ The valid combinations of <code>$GOOS</code> and <code>$GOARCH</code> are:
<td></td><td><code>darwin</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td><td><code>dragonfly</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td><td><code>dragonfly</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td><td><code>freebsd</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -417,9 +398,6 @@ The valid combinations of <code>$GOOS</code> and <code>$GOARCH</code> are:
<td></td><td><code>plan9</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td><td><code>solaris</code></td> <td><code>amd64</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td><td><code>windows</code></td> <td><code>386</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
@@ -453,7 +431,7 @@ installs all commands there.
</p>
<li><code>$GO386</code> (for <code>386</code> only, default is auto-detected
if built on either <code>386</code> or <code>amd64</code>, <code>387</code> otherwise)
if built natively, <code>387</code> if not)
<p>
This controls the code generated by 8g to use either the 387 floating-point unit
(set to <code>387</code>) or SSE2 instructions (set to <code>sse2</code>) for
@@ -478,8 +456,8 @@ should target. If you are compiling on the target system, its value will be auto
<p>
If in doubt, leave this variable unset, and adjust it if required
when you first run the Go executable.
The <a href="//golang.org/wiki/GoArm">GoARM</a> page
on the <a href="//golang.org/wiki">Go community wiki</a>
The <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/wiki/GoArm">GoARM</a> page
on the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-wiki/w/list">Go community wiki</a>
contains further details regarding Go's ARM support.
</p>

View File

@@ -6,30 +6,34 @@
<h2 id="download">Download the Go distribution</h2>
<p>
<a href="https://golang.org/dl/" id="start" class="download" target="_blank">
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads" id="start" class="download" target="_blank">
<span class="big">Download Go</span>
<span class="desc">Click here to visit the downloads page</span>
</a>
</p>
<p>
<a href="https://golang.org/dl/" target="_blank">Official binary
distributions</a> are available for the FreeBSD (release 8-STABLE and above),
Linux, Mac OS X (Snow Leopard and above), and Windows operating systems and
the 32-bit (<code>386</code>) and 64-bit (<code>amd64</code>) x86 processor
Click the link above to visit the
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads">Go project's downloads page</a>
and select the binary distribution that matches your operating system and
processor architecture.
</p>
<p>
Official binary distributions are available for the FreeBSD, Linux, Mac OS X
(Snow Leopard, Lion, and Mountain Lion), NetBSD, and Windows operating systems
and the 32-bit (<code>386</code>) and 64-bit (<code>amd64</code>) x86 processor
architectures.
</p>
<p>
If a binary distribution is not available for your combination of operating
system and architecture, try
system and architecture you may want to try
<a href="/doc/install/source">installing from source</a> or
<a href="/doc/install/gccgo">installing gccgo instead of gc</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="requirements">System requirements</h2>
<p>
The <code>gc</code> compiler supports the following operating systems and
architectures. Please ensure your system meets these requirements before
@@ -40,15 +44,16 @@ proceeding. If your OS or architecture is not on the list, it's possible that
<table class="codetable" frame="border" summary="requirements">
<tr>
<th align="center">Operating system</th>
<th align="center">Architectures</th>
<th align="center">Notes</th>
<th align="middle">Operating system</th>
<th align="middle">Architectures</th>
<th align="middle">Notes</th>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><hr></td></tr>
<tr><td>FreeBSD 8-STABLE or later</td> <td>amd64, 386, arm</td> <td>Debian GNU/kFreeBSD not supported; FreeBSD/ARM needs FreeBSD 10 or later</td></tr>
<tr><td>FreeBSD 7 or later</td> <td>amd64, 386, arm</td> <td>Debian GNU/kFreeBSD not supported; FreeBSD/ARM needs FreeBSD 10 or later</td></tr>
<tr><td>Linux 2.6.23 or later with glibc</td> <td>amd64, 386, arm</td> <td>CentOS/RHEL 5.x not supported; no binary distribution for ARM yet</td></tr>
<tr><td>Mac OS X 10.6 or later</td> <td>amd64, 386</td> <td>use the gcc<sup>&#8224;</sup> that comes with Xcode<sup>&#8225;</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td>Windows XP or later</td> <td>amd64, 386</td> <td>use MinGW gcc<sup>&#8224;</sup>. No need for cygwin or msys.</td></tr>
<tr><td>Mac OS X 10.6/10.7</td> <td>amd64, 386</td> <td>use the gcc<sup>&#8224;</sup> that comes with Xcode<sup>&#8225;</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td>Windows 2000 or later</td> <td>amd64, 386</td> <td>use mingw gcc<sup>&#8224;</sup>; cygwin or msys is not needed</td></tr>
<tr><td>NetBSD 6 or later</td> <td>amd64, 386</td> <td></td></tr>
</table>
<p>
@@ -60,30 +65,50 @@ installed Xcode 4.3+, you can install it from the Components tab of the
Downloads preferences panel.
</p>
<h2 id="install">Install the Go tools</h2>
<p>
The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in
<code>/usr/local/go</code> (or <code>c:\Go</code> under Windows),
but it is possible to install them in a different
location. If you do this, you will need to set the <code>GOROOT</code>
environment variable to that directory when using the Go tools.
</p>
<p>
For example, if you installed Go to your home directory you should add the
following commands to <code>$HOME/.profile</code>:
</p>
<pre>
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
</pre>
<p>
Windows users should read the section about <a href="#windows_env">setting
environment variables under Windows</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="bsd_linux">FreeBSD, Linux, Mac OS X and NetBSD tarballs</h3>
<p>
If you are upgrading from an older version of Go you must
first <a href="#uninstall">remove the existing version</a>.
</p>
<h3 id="tarball">Linux, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD tarballs</h3>
<p>
<a href="https://golang.org/dl/">Download the archive</a>
and extract it into <code>/usr/local</code>, creating a Go tree in
<code>/usr/local/go</code>. For example:
Extract <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads/list?q=OpSys-FreeBSD+OR+OpSys-Linux+OR+OpSys-OSX+OR+OpSys-NetBSD+Type-Archive">the archive</a>
into <code>/usr/local</code>, creating a Go tree in <code>/usr/local/go</code>.
For example:
</p>
<pre>
tar -C /usr/local -xzf go$VERSION.$OS-$ARCH.tar.gz
tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
</pre>
<p>
Choose the archive file appropriate for your installation.
For instance, if you are installing Go version 1.2.1 for 64-bit x86 on Linux,
the archive you want is called <code>go1.2.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz</code>.
The name of the archive may differ, depending on the version of Go you are
installing and your system's operating system and processor architecture.
</p>
<p>
@@ -100,36 +125,11 @@ variable. You can do this by adding this line to your <code>/etc/profile</code>
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
</pre>
<h4 id="tarball_non_standard">Installing to a custom location</h4>
<p>
The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in
<code>/usr/local/go</code> (or <code>c:\Go</code> under Windows),
but it is possible to install the Go tools to a different location.
In this case you must set the <code>GOROOT</code> environment variable
to point to the directory in which it was installed.
</p>
<p>
For example, if you installed Go to your home directory you should add the
following commands to <code>$HOME/.profile</code>:
</p>
<pre>
export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
</pre>
<p>
<b>Note</b>: <code>GOROOT</code> must be set only when installing to a custom
location.
</p>
<h3 id="osx">Mac OS X package installer</h3>
<p>
<a href="https://golang.org/dl/">Download the package file</a>,
open it, and follow the prompts to install the Go tools.
Open the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads/list?q=OpSys-OSX+Type-Installer">package file</a>
and follow the prompts to install the Go tools.
The package installs the Go distribution to <code>/usr/local/go</code>.
</p>
@@ -148,10 +148,26 @@ a zip archive that requires you to set some environment variables and an
MSI installer that configures your installation automatically.
</p>
<h4 id="windows_zip">Zip archive</h4>
<p>
Extract the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads/list?q=OpSys-Windows+Type%3DArchive">zip file</a>
to the directory of your choice (we suggest <code>c:\Go</code>).
</p>
<p>
If you chose a directory other than <code>c:\Go</code>, you must set
the <code>GOROOT</code> environment variable to your chosen path.
</p>
<p>
Add the <code>bin</code> subdirectory of your Go root (for example, <code>c:\Go\bin</code>) to your <code>PATH</code> environment variable.
</p>
<h4 id="windows_msi">MSI installer</h4>
<p>
Open the <a href="https://golang.org/dl/">MSI file</a>
Open the <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/downloads/list?q=OpSys-Windows+Type%3DInstaller">MSI file</a>
and follow the prompts to install the Go tools.
By default, the installer puts the Go distribution in <code>c:\Go</code>.
</p>
@@ -162,21 +178,6 @@ The installer should put the <code>c:\Go\bin</code> directory in your
command prompts for the change to take effect.
</p>
<h4 id="windows_zip">Zip archive</h4>
<p>
<a href="https://golang.org/dl/">Download the zip file</a> and extract it into the directory of your choice (we suggest <code>c:\Go</code>).
</p>
<p>
If you chose a directory other than <code>c:\Go</code>,
you must set the <code>GOROOT</code> environment variable to your chosen path.
</p>
<p>
Add the <code>bin</code> subdirectory of your Go root (for example, <code>c:\Go\bin</code>) to your <code>PATH</code> environment variable.
</p>
<h4 id="windows_env">Setting environment variables under Windows</h4>
<p>
@@ -186,7 +187,6 @@ versions of Windows provide this control panel through the "Advanced System
Settings" option inside the "System" control panel.
</p>
<h2 id="testing">Test your installation</h2>
<p>
@@ -220,17 +220,55 @@ hello, world
If you see the "hello, world" message then your Go installation is working.
</p>
<h2 id="gopath">Set up your work environment</h2>
<p>
You're almost done.
You just need to set up your environment.
The document <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a> explains how to
set up a work environment in which to build and test Go code.
</p>
<h2 id="next">What's next</h2>
<p>
Start by taking <a href="http://code.google.com/p/go-tour/">A Tour of Go</a>.
</p>
<p>
Read the <a href="/doc/code.html">How to Write Go Code</a> document,
which provides <b>essential setup instructions</b> for using the Go tools.
Build a web application by following the <a href="/doc/articles/wiki/">Wiki
Tutorial</a>.
</p>
<p>
Read <a href="/doc/effective_go.html">Effective Go</a> to learn about writing
idiomatic Go code.
</p>
<p>
For the full story, consult Go's extensive <a href="/doc/">documentation</a>.
</p>
<p>
Subscribe to the
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-announce">golang-announce</a>
mailing list to be notified when a new stable version of Go is released.
</p>
<h2 id="community">Community resources</h2>
<p>
For real-time help, there may be users or developers on
<code>#go-nuts</code> on the <a href="http://freenode.net/">Freenode</a> IRC server.
</p>
<p>
The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is
<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts</a>.
</p>
<p>
Bugs should be reported using the
<a href="http://code.google.com/p/go/issues/list">Go issue tracker</a>.
</p>
@@ -255,19 +293,3 @@ environment variables under Windows</a>.
</p>
<h2 id="help">Getting help</h2>
<p>
For real-time help, ask the helpful gophers in <code>#go-nuts</code> on the
<a href="http://freenode.net/">Freenode</a> IRC server.
</p>
<p>
The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is
<a href="//groups.google.com/group/golang-nuts">Go Nuts</a>.
</p>
<p>
Report bugs using the
<a href="//golang.org/issue">Go issue tracker</a>.
</p>

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@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
// (the nodes are the data).
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peano_axioms
// This program demonstrates that Go's automatic
// stack management can handle heavily recursive
// computations.
// This program demonstrates the power of Go's
// segmented stacks when doing massively
// recursive computations.
package main

View File

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ Hello, 世界
<div class="buttons">
<a class="run" href="#" title="Run this code [shift-enter]">Run</a>
<a class="share" href="#" title="Share this code">Share</a>
<a class="tour" href="//tour.golang.org/" title="Learn Go from your browser">Tour</a>
<a class="tour" href="http://tour.golang.org/" title="Learn Go from your browser">Tour</a>
</div>
<div class="toys">
<select>
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Hello, 世界
<div class="right">
<div id="about">
Go is an open source programming language that makes it easy to build
Go is an open source programming environment that makes it easy to build
simple, reliable, and efficient software.
</div>
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Linux, Mac OS X, Windows, and more.
<div id="blog">
<div class="rootHeading">Featured articles</div>
<div class="read"><a href="//blog.golang.org/">Read more</a></div>
<div class="read"><a href="http://blog.golang.org/">Read more</a></div>
</div>
</div>
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ window.initFuncs.push(function() {
"outputEl": "#learn .output",
"runEl": "#learn .run",
"shareEl": "#learn .share",
"shareRedirect": "//play.golang.org/p/",
"shareRedirect": "http://play.golang.org/p/",
"toysEl": "#learn .toys select"
});
} else {
@@ -133,13 +133,14 @@ window.initFuncs.push(function() {
// Load blog feed.
$('<script/>').attr('text', 'text/javascript')
.attr('src', '//blog.golang.org/.json?jsonp=feedLoaded')
.attr('src', 'http://blog.golang.org/.json?jsonp=feedLoaded')
.appendTo('body');
// Set the video at random.
var videos = [
{h: 241, s: "//www.youtube.com/embed/ytEkHepK08c"}, // Tour of Go
{h: 241, s: "//www.youtube.com/embed/f6kdp27TYZs"}, // Concurrency Patterns
{h: 233, s: "//player.vimeo.com/video/53221560"}, // Grows with grace
{h: 233, s: "//player.vimeo.com/video/69237265"} // Simple environment
];
var v = videos[Math.floor(Math.random()*videos.length)];

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@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
<p>
The Go website (the "Website") is hosted by Google.
By using and/or visiting the Website, you consent to be bound by Google's general
<a href="//www.google.com/intl/en/policies/terms/">Terms of Service</a>
<a href="http://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/terms/">Terms of Service</a>
and Google's general
<a href="//www.google.com/intl/en/privacy/privacy-policy.html">Privacy Policy</a>.
<a href="http://www.google.com/intl/en/privacy/privacy-policy.html">Privacy Policy</a>.
</p>

View File

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ extern "C" {
AUTOLIB(bio)
#endif
#include <fcntl.h> /* for O_RDONLY, O_WRONLY */
typedef struct Biobuf Biobuf;
enum
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ struct Biobuf
* next few bytes in little-endian order.
*/
#define BGETC(bp)\
((bp)->icount?(int)((bp)->ebuf[(bp)->icount++]):Bgetc((bp)))
((bp)->icount?(bp)->ebuf[(bp)->icount++]:Bgetc((bp)))
#define BGETLE2(bp)\
((bp)->icount<=-2?((bp)->icount+=2,((bp)->ebuf[(bp)->icount-2])|((bp)->ebuf[(bp)->icount-1]<<8)):Bgetle2((bp)))
#define BGETLE4(bp)\
@@ -129,14 +131,6 @@ int Bungetc(Biobuf*);
int Bungetrune(Biobuf*);
long Bwrite(Biobuf*, void*, long);
int Bvprint(Biobuf*, char*, va_list);
/*c2go
int BGETC(Biobuf*);
int BGETLE2(Biobuf*);
int BGETLE4(Biobuf*);
int BPUTC(Biobuf*, int);
int BPUTLE2(Biobuf*, int);
int BPUTLE4(Biobuf*, int);
*/
#if defined(__cplusplus)
}

169
include/bootexec.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
// Inferno libmach/bootexec.h
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/libmach/bootexec.h
//
// Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.
// Power PC support Copyright © 1995-2004 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net).
// Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited.
// Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com).
// Revisions Copyright © 2000-2004 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others.
// Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
struct coffsect
{
char name[8];
uint32 phys;
uint32 virt;
uint32 size;
uint32 fptr;
uint32 fptrreloc;
uint32 fptrlineno;
uint32 nrelocnlineno;
uint32 flags;
};
/*
* proprietary exec headers, needed to bootstrap various machines
*/
struct mipsexec
{
short mmagic; /* (0x160) mips magic number */
short nscns; /* (unused) number of sections */
int32 timdat; /* (unused) time & date stamp */
int32 symptr; /* offset to symbol table */
int32 nsyms; /* size of symbol table */
short opthdr; /* (0x38) sizeof(optional hdr) */
short pcszs; /* flags */
short amagic; /* see above */
short vstamp; /* version stamp */
int32 tsize; /* text size in bytes */
int32 dsize; /* initialized data */
int32 bsize; /* uninitialized data */
int32 mentry; /* entry pt. */
int32 text_start; /* base of text used for this file */
int32 data_start; /* base of data used for this file */
int32 bss_start; /* base of bss used for this file */
int32 gprmask; /* general purpose register mask */
union{
int32 cprmask[4]; /* co-processor register masks */
int32 pcsize;
};
int32 gp_value; /* the gp value used for this object */
};
struct mips4kexec
{
struct mipsexec h;
struct coffsect itexts;
struct coffsect idatas;
struct coffsect ibsss;
};
struct sparcexec
{
short sjunk; /* dynamic bit and version number */
short smagic; /* 0407 */
uint32 stext;
uint32 sdata;
uint32 sbss;
uint32 ssyms;
uint32 sentry;
uint32 strsize;
uint32 sdrsize;
};
struct nextexec
{
/* UNUSED
struct nexthdr{
uint32 nmagic;
uint32 ncputype;
uint32 ncpusubtype;
uint32 nfiletype;
uint32 ncmds;
uint32 nsizeofcmds;
uint32 nflags;
};
struct nextcmd{
uint32 cmd;
uint32 cmdsize;
uchar segname[16];
uint32 vmaddr;
uint32 vmsize;
uint32 fileoff;
uint32 filesize;
uint32 maxprot;
uint32 initprot;
uint32 nsects;
uint32 flags;
}textc;
struct nextsect{
char sectname[16];
char segname[16];
uint32 addr;
uint32 size;
uint32 offset;
uint32 align;
uint32 reloff;
uint32 nreloc;
uint32 flags;
uint32 reserved1;
uint32 reserved2;
}texts;
struct nextcmd datac;
struct nextsect datas;
struct nextsect bsss;
struct nextsym{
uint32 cmd;
uint32 cmdsize;
uint32 symoff;
uint32 nsyms;
uint32 spoff;
uint32 pcoff;
}symc;
*/
};
struct i386exec
{
/* UNUSED
struct i386coff{
uint32 isectmagic;
uint32 itime;
uint32 isyms;
uint32 insyms;
uint32 iflags;
};
struct i386hdr{
uint32 imagic;
uint32 itextsize;
uint32 idatasize;
uint32 ibsssize;
uint32 ientry;
uint32 itextstart;
uint32 idatastart;
};
struct coffsect itexts;
struct coffsect idatas;
struct coffsect ibsss;
struct coffsect icomments;
*/
};

View File

@@ -292,8 +292,6 @@ extern char* getgoversion(void);
extern char* getgoarm(void);
extern char* getgo386(void);
extern char* getgoextlinkenabled(void);
extern char* getgohostos(void);
extern char* getgohostarch(void);
extern char* mktempdir(void);
extern void removeall(char*);
@@ -312,15 +310,24 @@ extern void flagprint(int);
#ifdef _WIN32
#if !defined(_WIN64) && !defined(__MINGW64_VERSION_MAJOR)
struct timespec {
int tv_sec;
long tv_nsec;
};
#define execv(prog, argv) execv(prog, (const char* const*)(argv))
#define execvp(prog, argv) execvp(prog, (const char**)(argv))
#endif
extern int nanosleep(const struct timespec *rqtp, struct timespec *rmtp);
extern int fork(void);
extern int pread(int fd, void *buf, int n, int off);
extern int pwrite(int fd, void *buf, int n, int off);
#undef getwd
#define getwd(s, ns) getcwd(s, ns)
#undef lseek
#define lseek(fd, n, base) _lseeki64(fd, n, base)
#define mkdir(path, perm) mkdir(path)
#define pipe(fd) _pipe(fd, 512, O_BINARY)
#else
#define O_BINARY 0
#endif

View File

@@ -1,805 +0,0 @@
// Derived from Inferno utils/6l/l.h and related files.
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/6l/l.h
//
// Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc. All rights reserved.
// Portions Copyright © 1995-1997 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
// Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited
// Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com)
// Portions Copyright © 2004,2006 Bruce Ellis
// Portions Copyright © 2005-2007 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net)
// Revisions Copyright © 2000-2007 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others
// Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
typedef struct Addr Addr;
typedef struct Prog Prog;
typedef struct LSym LSym;
typedef struct Reloc Reloc;
typedef struct Auto Auto;
typedef struct Hist Hist;
typedef struct Link Link;
typedef struct Plist Plist;
typedef struct LinkArch LinkArch;
typedef struct Library Library;
typedef struct Pcln Pcln;
typedef struct Pcdata Pcdata;
typedef struct Pciter Pciter;
// An Addr is an argument to an instruction.
// The general forms and their encodings are:
//
// sym±offset(symkind)(reg)(index*scale)
// Memory reference at address &sym(symkind) + offset + reg + index*scale.
// Any of sym(symkind), ±offset, (reg), (index*scale), and *scale can be omitted.
// If (reg) and *scale are both omitted, the resulting expression (index) is parsed as (reg).
// To force a parsing as index*scale, write (index*1).
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_MEM
// name = symkind (NAME_AUTO, ...) or 0 (NAME_NONE)
// sym = sym
// offset = ±offset
// reg = reg (REG_*)
// index = index (REG_*)
// scale = scale (1, 2, 4, 8)
//
// $<mem>
// Effective address of memory reference <mem>, defined above.
// Encoding: same as memory reference, but type = TYPE_ADDR.
//
// $<±integer value>
// This is a special case of $<mem>, in which only ±offset is present.
// It has a separate type for easy recognition.
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_CONST
// offset = ±integer value
//
// *<mem>
// Indirect reference through memory reference <mem>, defined above.
// Only used on x86 for CALL/JMP *sym(SB), which calls/jumps to a function
// pointer stored in the data word sym(SB), not a function named sym(SB).
// Encoding: same as above, but type = TYPE_INDIR.
//
// $*$<mem>
// No longer used.
// On machines with actual SB registers, $*$<mem> forced the
// instruction encoding to use a full 32-bit constant, never a
// reference relative to SB.
//
// $<floating point literal>
// Floating point constant value.
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_FCONST
// u.dval = floating point value
//
// $<string literal, up to 8 chars>
// String literal value (raw bytes used for DATA instruction).
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_SCONST
// u.sval = string
//
// <register name>
// Any register: integer, floating point, control, segment, and so on.
// If looking for specific register kind, must check type and reg value range.
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_REG
// reg = reg (REG_*)
//
// x(PC)
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_BRANCH
// u.branch = Prog* reference OR ELSE offset = target pc (branch takes priority)
//
// $±x-±y
// Final argument to TEXT, specifying local frame size x and argument size y.
// In this form, x and y are integer literals only, not arbitrary expressions.
// This avoids parsing ambiguities due to the use of - as a separator.
// The ± are optional.
// If the final argument to TEXT omits the -±y, the encoding should still
// use TYPE_TEXTSIZE (not TYPE_CONST), with u.argsize = ArgsSizeUnknown.
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_TEXTSIZE
// offset = x
// u.argsize = y
//
// reg<<shift, reg>>shift, reg->shift, reg@>shift
// Shifted register value, for ARM.
// In this form, reg must be a register and shift can be a register or an integer constant.
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_SHIFT
// offset = (reg&15) | shifttype<<5 | count
// shifttype = 0, 1, 2, 3 for <<, >>, ->, @>
// count = (reg&15)<<8 | 1<<4 for a register shift count, (n&31)<<7 for an integer constant.
//
// (reg, reg)
// A destination register pair. When used as the last argument of an instruction,
// this form makes clear that both registers are destinations.
// Encoding:
// type = TYPE_REGREG
// reg = first register
// offset = second register
//
// reg, reg
// TYPE_REGREG2, to be removed.
//
struct Addr
{
int16 type; // could be int8
int16 reg;
int16 index;
int8 scale;
int8 name;
int64 offset;
LSym* sym;
union
{
char sval[8];
float64 dval;
Prog* branch;
int32 argsize; // for 5l, 8l
uint64 bits; // raw union bits, for testing if anything has been written to any field
} u;
// gotype is the name of the Go type descriptor for sym.
// It cannot be set using assembly syntax.
// It is generated by the Go compiler for global declarations,
// to convey information about pointer locations to the back end
// and for use in generating debug information.
LSym* gotype;
int8 class; // for internal use by liblink
uint8 etype; // for internal use by 5g, 6g, 8g
void* node; // for internal use by 5g, 6g, 8g
int64 width; // for internal use by 5g, 6g, 8g
};
enum {
NAME_NONE = 0,
NAME_EXTERN,
NAME_STATIC,
NAME_AUTO,
NAME_PARAM,
};
enum {
TYPE_NONE = 0,
TYPE_BRANCH = 5, // avoid accidental conflicts with NAME_*
TYPE_TEXTSIZE,
TYPE_MEM,
TYPE_CONST,
TYPE_FCONST,
TYPE_SCONST,
TYPE_REG,
TYPE_ADDR,
TYPE_SHIFT,
TYPE_REGREG,
TYPE_REGREG2,
TYPE_INDIR,
};
struct Reloc
{
int32 off;
uchar siz;
uchar done;
int32 type;
int32 variant; // RV_*: variant on computed value
int64 add;
int64 xadd;
LSym* sym;
LSym* xsym;
};
// TODO(rsc): Describe prog.
// TODO(rsc): Describe TEXT/GLOBL flag in from3, DATA width in from3.
struct Prog
{
vlong pc;
int32 lineno;
Prog* link;
short as;
uchar scond; // arm only; condition codes
// operands
Addr from;
int16 reg; // arm, ppc64 only (e.g., ADD from, reg, to);
// starts at 0 for both GPRs and FPRs;
// also used for ADATA width on arm, ppc64
Addr from3; // addl source argument (e.g., RLWM/FMADD from, reg, from3, to)
Addr to;
// for 5g, 6g, 8g internal use
void* opt;
// for liblink internal use
Prog* forwd;
Prog* pcond;
Prog* comefrom; // amd64, 386
Prog* pcrel; // arm
int32 spadj;
uint16 mark;
uint16 optab; // arm, ppc64
uchar back; // amd64, 386
uchar ft; // oclass cache
uchar tt; // oclass cache
uchar isize; // amd64, 386
uchar printed;
char width; /* fake for DATA */
char mode; /* 16, 32, or 64 in 6l, 8l; internal use in 5g, 6g, 8g */
};
extern Prog zprog; // zeroed Prog
// Prog.as opcodes.
// These are the portable opcodes, common to all architectures.
// Each architecture defines many more arch-specific opcodes,
// with values starting at A_ARCHSPECIFIC.
enum {
AXXX = 0,
ACALL,
ACHECKNIL,
ADATA,
ADUFFCOPY,
ADUFFZERO,
AEND,
AFUNCDATA,
AGLOBL,
AJMP,
ANOP,
APCDATA,
ARET,
ATEXT,
ATYPE,
AUNDEF,
AUSEFIELD,
AVARDEF,
AVARKILL,
A_ARCHSPECIFIC, // first architecture-specific opcode value
};
void nopout(Prog*);
void nocache(Prog*);
// prevent incompatible type signatures between liblink and 8l on Plan 9
#pragma incomplete struct Section
struct LSym
{
char* name;
char* extname; // name used in external object files
short type;
short version;
uchar dupok;
uchar cfunc;
uchar external;
uchar nosplit;
uchar reachable;
uchar cgoexport;
uchar special;
uchar stkcheck;
uchar hide;
uchar leaf; // arm only
uchar fnptr; // arm only
uchar localentry; // ppc64: instrs between global & local entry
uchar seenglobl;
uchar onlist; // on the textp or datap lists
uchar printed;
int16 symid; // for writing .5/.6/.8 files
int32 dynid;
int32 sig;
int32 plt;
int32 got;
int32 align; // if non-zero, required alignment in bytes
int32 elfsym;
int32 args; // size of stack frame incoming arguments area
int32 locals; // size of stack frame locals area (arm only?)
vlong value;
vlong size;
LSym* hash; // in hash table
LSym* allsym; // in all symbol list
LSym* next; // in text or data list
LSym* sub; // in SSUB list
LSym* outer; // container of sub
LSym* gotype;
LSym* reachparent;
LSym* queue;
char* file;
char* dynimplib;
char* dynimpvers;
struct Section* sect;
// STEXT
Auto* autom;
Prog* text;
Prog* etext;
Pcln* pcln;
// SDATA, SBSS
uchar* p;
int np;
int32 maxp;
Reloc* r;
int32 nr;
int32 maxr;
};
// LSym.type
enum
{
Sxxx,
/* order here is order in output file */
/* readonly, executable */
STEXT,
SELFRXSECT,
/* readonly, non-executable */
STYPE,
SSTRING,
SGOSTRING,
SGOFUNC,
SRODATA,
SFUNCTAB,
STYPELINK,
SSYMTAB, // TODO: move to unmapped section
SPCLNTAB,
SELFROSECT,
/* writable, non-executable */
SMACHOPLT,
SELFSECT,
SMACHO, /* Mach-O __nl_symbol_ptr */
SMACHOGOT,
SWINDOWS,
SELFGOT, /* also .toc in ppc64 ABI */
SNOPTRDATA,
SINITARR,
SDATA,
SBSS,
SNOPTRBSS,
STLSBSS,
/* not mapped */
SXREF,
SMACHOSYMSTR,
SMACHOSYMTAB,
SMACHOINDIRECTPLT,
SMACHOINDIRECTGOT,
SFILE,
SFILEPATH,
SCONST,
SDYNIMPORT,
SHOSTOBJ,
SSUB = 1<<8, /* sub-symbol, linked from parent via ->sub list */
SMASK = SSUB - 1,
SHIDDEN = 1<<9, // hidden or local symbol
};
// Reloc.type
enum
{
R_ADDR = 1,
R_ADDRPOWER, // relocation for loading 31-bit address using addis and addi/ld/st for Power
R_SIZE,
R_CALL, // relocation for direct PC-relative call
R_CALLARM, // relocation for ARM direct call
R_CALLIND, // marker for indirect call (no actual relocating necessary)
R_CALLPOWER, // relocation for Power direct call
R_CONST,
R_PCREL,
R_TLS,
R_TLS_LE, // TLS local exec offset from TLS segment register
R_TLS_IE, // TLS initial exec offset from TLS base pointer
R_GOTOFF,
R_PLT0,
R_PLT1,
R_PLT2,
R_USEFIELD,
R_POWER_TOC, // ELF R_PPC64_TOC16*
};
// Reloc.variant
enum
{
RV_NONE, // identity variant
RV_POWER_LO, // x & 0xFFFF
RV_POWER_HI, // x >> 16
RV_POWER_HA, // (x + 0x8000) >> 16
RV_POWER_DS, // x & 0xFFFC, check x&0x3 == 0
RV_CHECK_OVERFLOW = 1<<8, // check overflow flag
RV_TYPE_MASK = (RV_CHECK_OVERFLOW - 1),
};
// Auto.name
enum
{
A_AUTO = 1,
A_PARAM,
};
struct Auto
{
LSym* asym;
Auto* link;
int32 aoffset;
int16 name;
LSym* gotype;
};
enum
{
LINKHASH = 100003,
};
struct Hist
{
Hist* link;
char* name;
int32 line;
int32 offset;
uchar printed;
};
struct Plist
{
LSym* name;
Prog* firstpc;
int recur;
Plist* link;
};
struct Library
{
char *objref; // object where we found the reference
char *srcref; // src file where we found the reference
char *file; // object file
char *pkg; // import path
};
struct Pcdata
{
uchar *p;
int n;
int m;
};
struct Pcln
{
Pcdata pcsp;
Pcdata pcfile;
Pcdata pcline;
Pcdata *pcdata;
int npcdata;
LSym **funcdata;
int64 *funcdataoff;
int nfuncdata;
LSym **file;
int nfile;
int mfile;
LSym *lastfile;
int lastindex;
};
// Pcdata iterator.
// for(pciterinit(ctxt, &it, &pcd); !it.done; pciternext(&it)) { it.value holds in [it.pc, it.nextpc) }
struct Pciter
{
Pcdata d;
uchar *p;
uint32 pc;
uint32 nextpc;
uint32 pcscale;
int32 value;
int start;
int done;
};
void pciterinit(Link*, Pciter*, Pcdata*);
void pciternext(Pciter*);
// symbol version, incremented each time a file is loaded.
// version==1 is reserved for savehist.
enum
{
HistVersion = 1,
};
// Link holds the context for writing object code from a compiler
// to be linker input or for reading that input into the linker.
struct Link
{
int32 thechar; // '5' (arm), '6' (amd64), etc.
char* thestring; // full name of architecture ("arm", "amd64", ..)
int32 goarm; // for arm only, GOARM setting
int headtype;
LinkArch* arch;
int32 (*ignore)(char*); // do not emit names satisfying this function
int32 debugasm; // -S flag in compiler
int32 debugline; // -L flag in compiler
int32 debughist; // -O flag in linker
int32 debugread; // -W flag in linker
int32 debugvlog; // -v flag in linker
int32 debugstack; // -K flag in linker
int32 debugzerostack; // -Z flag in linker
int32 debugdivmod; // -M flag in 5l
int32 debugfloat; // -F flag in 5l
int32 debugpcln; // -O flag in linker
int32 flag_shared; // -shared flag in linker
int32 iself;
Biobuf* bso; // for -v flag
char* pathname;
int32 windows;
char* trimpath;
char* goroot;
char* goroot_final;
int32 enforce_data_order; // for use by assembler
// hash table of all symbols
LSym* hash[LINKHASH];
LSym* allsym;
int32 nsymbol;
// file-line history
Hist* hist;
Hist* ehist;
// all programs
Plist* plist;
Plist* plast;
// code generation
LSym* sym_div;
LSym* sym_divu;
LSym* sym_mod;
LSym* sym_modu;
LSym* symmorestack[2];
LSym* tlsg;
LSym* plan9privates;
Prog* curp;
Prog* printp;
Prog* blitrl;
Prog* elitrl;
int rexflag;
int rep; // for nacl
int repn; // for nacl
int lock; // for nacl
int asmode;
uchar* andptr;
uchar and[100];
int64 instoffset;
int32 autosize;
int32 armsize;
// for reading input files (during linker)
vlong pc;
char** libdir;
int32 nlibdir;
int32 maxlibdir;
Library* library;
int libraryp;
int nlibrary;
int tlsoffset;
void (*diag)(char*, ...);
int mode;
Auto* curauto;
Auto* curhist;
LSym* cursym;
int version;
LSym* textp;
LSym* etextp;
int32 histdepth;
int32 nhistfile;
LSym* filesyms;
};
enum {
LittleEndian = 0x04030201,
BigEndian = 0x01020304,
};
// LinkArch is the definition of a single architecture.
struct LinkArch
{
char* name; // "arm", "amd64", and so on
int thechar; // '5', '6', and so on
int32 endian; // LittleEndian or BigEndian
void (*preprocess)(Link*, LSym*);
void (*assemble)(Link*, LSym*);
void (*follow)(Link*, LSym*);
void (*progedit)(Link*, Prog*);
int minlc;
int ptrsize;
int regsize;
};
/* executable header types */
enum {
Hunknown = 0,
Hdarwin,
Hdragonfly,
Helf,
Hfreebsd,
Hlinux,
Hnacl,
Hnetbsd,
Hopenbsd,
Hplan9,
Hsolaris,
Hwindows,
};
enum
{
LinkAuto = 0,
LinkInternal,
LinkExternal,
};
extern uchar fnuxi8[8];
extern uchar fnuxi4[4];
extern uchar inuxi1[1];
extern uchar inuxi2[2];
extern uchar inuxi4[4];
extern uchar inuxi8[8];
// asm5.c
void span5(Link *ctxt, LSym *s);
int chipfloat5(Link *ctxt, float64 e);
int chipzero5(Link *ctxt, float64 e);
// asm6.c
void span6(Link *ctxt, LSym *s);
// asm8.c
void span8(Link *ctxt, LSym *s);
// asm9.c
void span9(Link *ctxt, LSym *s);
// data.c
vlong addaddr(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, LSym *t);
vlong addaddrplus(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, LSym *t, vlong add);
vlong addaddrplus4(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, LSym *t, vlong add);
vlong addpcrelplus(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, LSym *t, vlong add);
Reloc* addrel(LSym *s);
vlong addsize(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, LSym *t);
vlong adduint16(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, uint16 v);
vlong adduint32(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, uint32 v);
vlong adduint64(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, uint64 v);
vlong adduint8(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, uint8 v);
vlong adduintxx(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, uint64 v, int wid);
void mangle(char *file);
void savedata(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, Prog *p, char *pn);
void savedata1(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, Prog *p, char *pn, int enforce_order);
vlong setaddr(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong off, LSym *t);
vlong setaddrplus(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong off, LSym *t, vlong add);
vlong setuint16(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong r, uint16 v);
vlong setuint32(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong r, uint32 v);
vlong setuint64(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong r, uint64 v);
vlong setuint8(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong r, uint8 v);
vlong setuintxx(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong off, uint64 v, vlong wid);
void symgrow(Link *ctxt, LSym *s, vlong siz);
// go.c
void double2ieee(uint64 *ieee, double native);
void* emallocz(long n);
void* erealloc(void *p, long n);
char* estrdup(char *p);
char* expandpkg(char *t0, char *pkg);
void linksetexp(void);
char* expstring(void);
extern int fieldtrack_enabled;
extern int framepointer_enabled;
// ld.c
void addhist(Link *ctxt, int32 line, int type);
void addlib(Link *ctxt, char *src, char *obj, char *path);
void addlibpath(Link *ctxt, char *srcref, char *objref, char *file, char *pkg);
void collapsefrog(Link *ctxt, LSym *s);
void copyhistfrog(Link *ctxt, char *buf, int nbuf);
int find1(int32 l, int c);
void linkgetline(Link *ctxt, int32 line, LSym **f, int32 *l);
void histtoauto(Link *ctxt);
void mkfwd(LSym*);
void nuxiinit(LinkArch*);
void savehist(Link *ctxt, int32 line, int32 off);
Prog* copyp(Link*, Prog*);
Prog* appendp(Link*, Prog*);
vlong atolwhex(char*);
// list[5689].c
void listinit5(void);
void listinit6(void);
void listinit8(void);
void listinit9(void);
// obj.c
int linklinefmt(Link *ctxt, Fmt *fp);
void linklinehist(Link *ctxt, int lineno, char *f, int offset);
Plist* linknewplist(Link *ctxt);
void linkprfile(Link *ctxt, int32 l);
// objfile.c
void ldobjfile(Link *ctxt, Biobuf *b, char *pkg, int64 len, char *path);
void writeobj(Link *ctxt, Biobuf *b);
// pass.c
Prog* brchain(Link *ctxt, Prog *p);
Prog* brloop(Link *ctxt, Prog *p);
void linkpatch(Link *ctxt, LSym *sym);
// pcln.c
void linkpcln(Link*, LSym*);
// sym.c
LSym* linklookup(Link *ctxt, char *name, int v);
Link* linknew(LinkArch*);
LSym* linknewsym(Link *ctxt, char *symb, int v);
LSym* linkrlookup(Link *ctxt, char *name, int v);
int linksymfmt(Fmt *f);
int headtype(char*);
char* headstr(int);
extern char* anames5[];
extern char* anames6[];
extern char* anames8[];
extern char* anames9[];
extern char* cnames5[];
extern char* cnames9[];
extern char* dnames5[];
extern char* dnames6[];
extern char* dnames8[];
extern char* dnames9[];
extern LinkArch link386;
extern LinkArch linkamd64;
extern LinkArch linkamd64p32;
extern LinkArch linkarm;
extern LinkArch linkppc64;
extern LinkArch linkppc64le;
extern int linkbasepointer;
extern void linksetexp(void);
#pragma varargck type "A" int
#pragma varargck type "E" uint
#pragma varargck type "D" Addr*
#pragma varargck type "lD" Addr*
#pragma varargck type "P" Prog*
#pragma varargck type "R" int
#pragma varargck type "^" int // for 5l/9l, C_* classes (liblink internal)
// TODO(ality): remove this workaround.
// It's here because Pconv in liblink/list?.c references %L.
#pragma varargck type "L" int32

411
include/mach.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
// Inferno libmach/a.out.h and libmach/mach.h
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/libmach/a.out.h
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/libmach/mach.h
//
// Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.
// Power PC support Copyright © 1995-2004 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net).
// Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited.
// Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com).
// Revisions Copyright © 2000-2004 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others.
// Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
/*
* Architecture-dependent application data
*/
typedef struct Exec Exec;
struct Exec
{
int32 magic; /* magic number */
int32 text; /* size of text segment */
int32 data; /* size of initialized data */
int32 bss; /* size of uninitialized data */
int32 syms; /* size of symbol table */
int32 entry; /* entry point */
int32 spsz; /* size of pc/sp offset table */
int32 pcsz; /* size of pc/line number table */
};
#define HDR_MAGIC 0x00008000 /* header expansion */
#define _MAGIC(f, b) ((f)|((((4*(b))+0)*(b))+7))
#define A_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 8) /* 68020 */
#define I_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 11) /* intel 386 */
#define J_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 12) /* intel 960 (retired) */
#define K_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 13) /* sparc */
#define V_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 16) /* mips 3000 BE */
#define X_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 17) /* att dsp 3210 (retired) */
#define M_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 18) /* mips 4000 BE */
#define D_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 19) /* amd 29000 (retired) */
#define E_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 20) /* arm */
#define Q_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 21) /* powerpc */
#define N_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 22) /* mips 4000 LE */
#define L_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 23) /* dec alpha */
#define P_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 24) /* mips 3000 LE */
#define U_MAGIC _MAGIC(0, 25) /* sparc64 */
#define S_MAGIC _MAGIC(HDR_MAGIC, 26) /* amd64 */
#define T_MAGIC _MAGIC(HDR_MAGIC, 27) /* powerpc64 */
#define MIN_MAGIC 8
#define MAX_MAGIC 27 /* <= 90 */
#define DYN_MAGIC 0x80000000 /* dlm */
typedef struct Sym Sym;
struct Sym
{
vlong value;
uint sig;
char type;
char *name;
vlong gotype;
int sequence; // order in file
};
/*
* Supported architectures:
* mips,
* 68020,
* i386,
* amd64,
* sparc,
* sparc64,
* mips2 (R4000)
* arm
* powerpc,
* powerpc64
* alpha
*/
enum
{
MMIPS, /* machine types */
MSPARC,
M68020,
MI386,
MI960, /* retired */
M3210, /* retired */
MMIPS2,
NMIPS2,
M29000, /* retired */
MARM,
MPOWER,
MALPHA,
NMIPS,
MSPARC64,
MAMD64,
MPOWER64,
/* types of executables */
FNONE = 0, /* unidentified */
FMIPS, /* v.out */
FMIPSB, /* mips bootable */
FSPARC, /* k.out */
FSPARCB, /* Sparc bootable */
F68020, /* 2.out */
F68020B, /* 68020 bootable */
FNEXTB, /* Next bootable */
FI386, /* 8.out */
FI386B, /* I386 bootable */
FI960, /* retired */
FI960B, /* retired */
F3210, /* retired */
FMIPS2BE, /* 4.out */
F29000, /* retired */
FARM, /* 5.out */
FARMB, /* ARM bootable */
FPOWER, /* q.out */
FPOWERB, /* power pc bootable */
FMIPS2LE, /* 0.out */
FALPHA, /* 7.out */
FALPHAB, /* DEC Alpha bootable */
FMIPSLE, /* 3k little endian */
FSPARC64, /* u.out */
FAMD64, /* 6.out */
FAMD64B, /* 6.out bootable */
FPOWER64, /* 9.out */
FPOWER64B, /* 9.out bootable */
FWINPE, /* windows PE executable */
ANONE = 0, /* dissembler types */
AMIPS,
AMIPSCO, /* native mips */
ASPARC,
ASUNSPARC, /* native sun */
A68020,
AI386,
AI8086, /* oh god */
AI960, /* retired */
A29000, /* retired */
AARM,
APOWER,
AALPHA,
ASPARC64,
AAMD64,
APOWER64,
/* object file types */
Obj68020 = 0, /* .2 */
ObjSparc, /* .k */
ObjMips, /* .v */
Obj386, /* .8 */
Obj960, /* retired */
Obj3210, /* retired */
ObjMips2, /* .4 */
Obj29000, /* retired */
ObjArm, /* .5 */
ObjPower, /* .q */
ObjMips2le, /* .0 */
ObjAlpha, /* .7 */
ObjSparc64, /* .u */
ObjAmd64, /* .6 */
ObjSpim, /* .0 */
ObjPower64, /* .9 */
Maxobjtype,
CNONE = 0, /* symbol table classes */
CAUTO,
CPARAM,
CSTAB,
CTEXT,
CDATA,
CANY, /* to look for any class */
};
typedef struct Map Map;
typedef struct Symbol Symbol;
typedef struct Reglist Reglist;
typedef struct Mach Mach;
typedef struct Machdata Machdata;
typedef struct Seg Seg;
typedef int Maprw(Map *m, Seg *s, uvlong addr, void *v, uint n, int isread);
struct Seg {
char *name; /* the segment name */
int fd; /* file descriptor */
int inuse; /* in use - not in use */
int cache; /* should cache reads? */
uvlong b; /* base */
uvlong e; /* end */
vlong f; /* offset within file */
Maprw *rw; /* read/write fn for seg */
};
/*
* Structure to map a segment to data
*/
struct Map {
int pid;
int tid;
int nsegs; /* number of segments */
Seg seg[1]; /* actually n of these */
};
/*
* Internal structure describing a symbol table entry
*/
struct Symbol {
void *handle; /* used internally - owning func */
struct {
char *name;
vlong value; /* address or stack offset */
char type; /* as in a.out.h */
char class; /* as above */
int index; /* in findlocal, globalsym, textsym */
};
};
/*
* machine register description
*/
struct Reglist {
char *rname; /* register name */
short roffs; /* offset in u-block */
char rflags; /* INTEGER/FLOAT, WRITABLE */
char rformat; /* print format: 'x', 'X', 'f', '8', '3', 'Y', 'W' */
};
enum { /* bits in rflags field */
RINT = (0<<0),
RFLT = (1<<0),
RRDONLY = (1<<1),
};
/*
* Machine-dependent data is stored in two structures:
* Mach - miscellaneous general parameters
* Machdata - jump vector of service functions used by debuggers
*
* Mach is defined in ?.c and set in executable.c
*
* Machdata is defined in ?db.c
* and set in the debugger startup.
*/
struct Mach{
char *name;
int mtype; /* machine type code */
Reglist *reglist; /* register set */
int32 regsize; /* sizeof registers in bytes */
int32 fpregsize; /* sizeof fp registers in bytes */
char *pc; /* pc name */
char *sp; /* sp name */
char *link; /* link register name */
char *sbreg; /* static base register name */
uvlong sb; /* static base register value */
int pgsize; /* page size */
uvlong kbase; /* kernel base address */
uvlong ktmask; /* ktzero = kbase & ~ktmask */
uvlong utop; /* user stack top */
int pcquant; /* quantization of pc */
int szaddr; /* sizeof(void*) */
int szreg; /* sizeof(register) */
int szfloat; /* sizeof(float) */
int szdouble; /* sizeof(double) */
};
extern Mach *mach; /* Current machine */
typedef uvlong (*Rgetter)(Map*, char*);
typedef void (*Tracer)(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, Symbol*);
struct Machdata { /* Machine-dependent debugger support */
uchar bpinst[4]; /* break point instr. */
short bpsize; /* size of break point instr. */
ushort (*swab)(ushort); /* ushort to local byte order */
uint32 (*swal)(uint32); /* uint32 to local byte order */
uvlong (*swav)(uvlong); /* uvlong to local byte order */
int (*ctrace)(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong, Tracer); /* C traceback */
uvlong (*findframe)(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong);/* frame finder */
char* (*excep)(Map*, Rgetter); /* last exception */
uint32 (*bpfix)(uvlong); /* breakpoint fixup */
int (*sftos)(char*, int, void*); /* single precision float */
int (*dftos)(char*, int, void*); /* double precision float */
int (*foll)(Map*, uvlong, Rgetter, uvlong*);/* follow set */
int (*das)(Map*, uvlong, char, char*, int); /* symbolic disassembly */
int (*hexinst)(Map*, uvlong, char*, int); /* hex disassembly */
int (*instsize)(Map*, uvlong); /* instruction size */
};
/*
* Common a.out header describing all architectures
*/
typedef struct Fhdr
{
char *name; /* identifier of executable */
uchar type; /* file type - see codes above */
uchar hdrsz; /* header size */
uchar _magic; /* _MAGIC() magic */
uchar spare;
int32 magic; /* magic number */
uvlong txtaddr; /* text address */
vlong txtoff; /* start of text in file */
uvlong dataddr; /* start of data segment */
vlong datoff; /* offset to data seg in file */
vlong symoff; /* offset of symbol table in file */
uvlong entry; /* entry point */
vlong sppcoff; /* offset of sp-pc table in file */
vlong lnpcoff; /* offset of line number-pc table in file */
int32 txtsz; /* text size */
int32 datsz; /* size of data seg */
int32 bsssz; /* size of bss */
int32 symsz; /* size of symbol table */
int32 sppcsz; /* size of sp-pc table */
int32 lnpcsz; /* size of line number-pc table */
} Fhdr;
extern int asstype; /* dissembler type - machdata.c */
extern Machdata *machdata; /* jump vector - machdata.c */
int beieee80ftos(char*, int, void*);
int beieeesftos(char*, int, void*);
int beieeedftos(char*, int, void*);
ushort beswab(ushort);
uint32 beswal(uint32);
uvlong beswav(uvlong);
uvlong ciscframe(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong);
int cisctrace(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong, Tracer);
int crackhdr(int fd, Fhdr*);
uvlong file2pc(char*, int32);
int fileelem(Sym**, uchar *, char*, int);
int32 fileline(char*, int, uvlong);
int filesym(int, char*, int);
int findlocal(Symbol*, char*, Symbol*);
int findseg(Map*, char*);
int findsym(uvlong, int, Symbol *);
int fnbound(uvlong, uvlong*);
int fpformat(Map*, Reglist*, char*, int, int);
int get1(Map*, uvlong, uchar*, int);
int get2(Map*, uvlong, ushort*);
int get4(Map*, uvlong, uint32*);
int get8(Map*, uvlong, uvlong*);
int geta(Map*, uvlong, uvlong*);
int getauto(Symbol*, int, int, Symbol*);
Sym* getsym(int);
int globalsym(Symbol *, int);
char* _hexify(char*, uint32, int);
int ieeesftos(char*, int, uint32);
int ieeedftos(char*, int, uint32, uint32);
int isar(Biobuf*);
int leieee80ftos(char*, int, void*);
int leieeesftos(char*, int, void*);
int leieeedftos(char*, int, void*);
ushort leswab(ushort);
uint32 leswal(uint32);
uvlong leswav(uvlong);
uvlong line2addr(int32, uvlong, uvlong);
Map* loadmap(Map*, int, Fhdr*);
int localaddr(Map*, char*, char*, uvlong*, Rgetter);
int localsym(Symbol*, int);
int lookup(char*, char*, Symbol*);
void machbytype(int);
int machbyname(char*);
int nextar(Biobuf*, int, char*);
Map* newmap(Map*, int);
void objtraverse(void(*)(Sym*, void*), void*);
int objtype(Biobuf*, char**);
uvlong pc2sp(uvlong);
int32 pc2line(uvlong);
int put1(Map*, uvlong, uchar*, int);
int put2(Map*, uvlong, ushort);
int put4(Map*, uvlong, uint32);
int put8(Map*, uvlong, uvlong);
int puta(Map*, uvlong, uvlong);
int readar(Biobuf*, int, vlong, int);
int readobj(Biobuf*, int);
uvlong riscframe(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong);
int risctrace(Map*, uvlong, uvlong, uvlong, Tracer);
int setmap(Map*, int, uvlong, uvlong, vlong, char*, Maprw *rw);
Sym* symbase(int32*);
int syminit(int, Fhdr*);
int symoff(char*, int, uvlong, int);
void textseg(uvlong, Fhdr*);
int textsym(Symbol*, int);
void unusemap(Map*, int);
Map* attachproc(int pid, Fhdr *fp);
int ctlproc(int pid, char *msg);
void detachproc(Map *m);
int procnotes(int pid, char ***pnotes);
char* proctextfile(int pid);
int procthreadpids(int pid, int *tid, int ntid);
char* procstatus(int);
Maprw fdrw;

View File

@@ -13,5 +13,3 @@ typedef uint uint32;
typedef vlong int64;
typedef uvlong uint64;
typedef int intptr;
typedef float float32;
typedef double float64;

View File

@@ -13,5 +13,3 @@ typedef uint uint32;
typedef vlong int64;
typedef uvlong uint64;
typedef vlong intptr;
typedef float float32;
typedef double float64;

View File

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "../bio.h"
#define fmtcharstod charstod
#define lseek seek

View File

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
int errno;
#define ERANGE 1001

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@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "../fmt.h"
#pragma varargck argpos fmtprint 2
#pragma varargck argpos fprint 2
#pragma varargck argpos print 1
#pragma varargck argpos runeseprint 3
#pragma varargck argpos runesmprint 1
#pragma varargck argpos runesnprint 3
#pragma varargck argpos runesprint 2
#pragma varargck argpos seprint 3
#pragma varargck argpos smprint 1
#pragma varargck argpos snprint 3
#pragma varargck argpos sprint 2
#pragma varargck type "lld" vlong
#pragma varargck type "llo" vlong
#pragma varargck type "llx" vlong
#pragma varargck type "llb" vlong
#pragma varargck type "lld" uvlong
#pragma varargck type "llo" uvlong
#pragma varargck type "llx" uvlong
#pragma varargck type "llb" uvlong
#pragma varargck type "ld" long
#pragma varargck type "lo" long
#pragma varargck type "lx" long
#pragma varargck type "lb" long
#pragma varargck type "ld" ulong
#pragma varargck type "lo" ulong
#pragma varargck type "lx" ulong
#pragma varargck type "lb" ulong
#pragma varargck type "d" int
#pragma varargck type "o" int
#pragma varargck type "x" int
#pragma varargck type "c" int
#pragma varargck type "C" int
#pragma varargck type "b" int
#pragma varargck type "d" uint
#pragma varargck type "x" uint
#pragma varargck type "c" uint
#pragma varargck type "C" uint
#pragma varargck type "b" uint
#pragma varargck type "f" double
#pragma varargck type "e" double
#pragma varargck type "g" double
#pragma varargck type "s" char*
#pragma varargck type "q" char*
#pragma varargck type "S" Rune*
#pragma varargck type "Q" Rune*
#pragma varargck type "r" void
#pragma varargck type "%" void
#pragma varargck type "n" int*
#pragma varargck type "p" uintptr
#pragma varargck type "p" void*
#pragma varargck flag ','
#pragma varargck flag ' '
#pragma varargck flag 'h'
#pragma varargck type "<" void*
#pragma varargck type "[" void*
#pragma varargck type "H" void*
#pragma varargck type "lH" void*

View File

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "/sys/include/libc.h"
#include "/sys/include/ctype.h"
#include "fmt.h"
#include "utf.h"
#include "libc_plan9.h"
char* getgoos(void);
char* getgoarch(void);
@@ -14,10 +12,6 @@ char* getgoversion(void);
char* getgoarm(void);
char* getgo386(void);
char* getgoextlinkenabled(void);
char* getgohostos(void);
char* getgohostarch(void);
int runcmd(char**);
void flagcount(char*, char*, int*);
void flagint32(char*, char*, int32*);
@@ -32,6 +26,3 @@ void flagprint(int);
// The libraries use size_t to avoid -Wconversion warnings from GCC
// when calling standard library functions like memcpy.
typedef unsigned long size_t;
// math.h
#define HUGE_VAL 1.79769313486231e+308

View File

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "../link.h"

5
include/plan9/mach.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "../mach.h"

View File

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
#!/bin/rc
pattern='/umuldiv/d
/rune routines/,/^\/\*/d
/print routines/,/^\/\*/d
/error string for/,/^\/\*/d'
sed -e $pattern /sys/include/libc.h | awk '/^enum/ && !n++, /^};/ {next}1'

View File

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "/amd64/include/ureg.h"

5
include/plan9/ureg_arm.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "/arm/include/ureg.h"

5
include/plan9/ureg_x86.h Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "/386/include/ureg.h"

View File

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "../utf.h"

View File

@@ -40,9 +40,8 @@ extern "C" {
#endif
#define _BSD_SOURCE 1
#define _NETBSD_SOURCE 1 /* NetBSD */
#define _DEFAULT_SOURCE 1 /* glibc > 2.19 */
#define _SVID_SOURCE 1
#if !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__OpenBSD__) && !defined(__sun__)
#if !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__OpenBSD__)
# define _XOPEN_SOURCE 1000
# define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1
#endif
@@ -69,11 +68,8 @@ extern "C" {
#include <stddef.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <ctype.h> /* for tolower */
#include <time.h>
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <signal.h>
#endif
#include <time.h>
/*
* OS-specific crap
@@ -192,8 +188,6 @@ typedef u32int uint32;
typedef s64int int64;
typedef u64int uint64;
typedef float float32;
typedef double float64;
#undef _NEEDUCHAR
#undef _NEEDUSHORT

58
include/ureg_amd64.h Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
// Inferno utils/libmach/ureg6.h
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/libmach/ureg6.h
//
// Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.
// Power PC support Copyright © 1995-2004 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net).
// Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited.
// Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com).
// Revisions Copyright © 2000-2004 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others.
// Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
struct Ureg {
u64int ax;
u64int bx;
u64int cx;
u64int dx;
u64int si;
u64int di;
u64int bp;
u64int r8;
u64int r9;
u64int r10;
u64int r11;
u64int r12;
u64int r13;
u64int r14;
u64int r15;
u16int ds;
u16int es;
u16int fs;
u16int gs;
u64int type;
u64int error; /* error code (or zero) */
u64int ip; /* pc */
u64int cs; /* old context */
u64int flags; /* old flags */
u64int sp; /* sp */
u64int ss; /* old stack segment */
};

49
include/ureg_arm.h Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
// Inferno utils/libmach/ureg5.h
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/libmach/ureg5.h
//
// Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.
// Power PC support Copyright © 1995-2004 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net).
// Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited.
// Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com).
// Revisions Copyright © 2000-2004 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others.
// Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
struct Ureg {
uint r0;
uint r1;
uint r2;
uint r3;
uint r4;
uint r5;
uint r6;
uint r7;
uint r8;
uint r9;
uint r10;
uint r11;
uint r12;
uint r13;
uint r14;
uint link;
uint type;
uint psr;
uint pc;
};

53
include/ureg_x86.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
// Inferno utils/libmach/ureg8.h
// http://code.google.com/p/inferno-os/source/browse/utils/libmach/ureg8.h
//
// Copyright © 1994-1999 Lucent Technologies Inc.
// Power PC support Copyright © 1995-2004 C H Forsyth (forsyth@terzarima.net).
// Portions Copyright © 1997-1999 Vita Nuova Limited.
// Portions Copyright © 2000-2007 Vita Nuova Holdings Limited (www.vitanuova.com).
// Revisions Copyright © 2000-2004 Lucent Technologies Inc. and others.
// Portions Copyright © 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
struct Ureg
{
uint32 di; /* general registers */
uint32 si; /* ... */
uint32 bp; /* ... */
uint32 nsp;
uint32 bx; /* ... */
uint32 dx; /* ... */
uint32 cx; /* ... */
uint32 ax; /* ... */
uint32 gs; /* data segments */
uint32 fs; /* ... */
uint32 es; /* ... */
uint32 ds; /* ... */
uint32 trap; /* trap type */
uint32 ecode; /* error code (or zero) */
uint32 pc; /* pc */
uint32 cs; /* old context */
uint32 flags; /* old flags */
union {
uint32 usp;
uint32 sp;
};
uint32 ss; /* old stack segment */
};

View File

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
defaultcc: golang-dev@googlegroups.com

3602
lib/codereview/codereview.py Normal file

File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff

198
lib/codereview/test.sh Executable file
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@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
#!/bin/bash
# Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
# Test the code review plugin.
# Assumes a local Rietveld is running using the App Engine SDK
# at http://localhost:7777/
#
# dev_appserver.py -p 7777 $HOME/pub/rietveld
codereview_script=$(pwd)/codereview.py
server=localhost:7777
master=/tmp/go.test
clone1=/tmp/go.test1
clone2=/tmp/go.test2
export HGEDITOR=true
must() {
if ! "$@"; then
echo "$@" failed >&2
exit 1
fi
}
not() {
if "$@"; then
false
else
true
fi
}
status() {
echo '+++' "$@" >&2
}
firstcl() {
hg pending | sed 1q | tr -d ':'
}
# Initial setup.
status Create repositories.
rm -rf $master $clone1 $clone2
mkdir $master
cd $master
must hg init .
echo Initial state >file
must hg add file
must hg ci -m 'first commit' file
must hg clone $master $clone1
must hg clone $master $clone2
echo "
[ui]
username=Grace R Emlin <gre@golang.org>
[extensions]
codereview=$codereview_script
[codereview]
server=$server
" >>$clone1/.hg/hgrc
cp $clone1/.hg/hgrc $clone2/.hg/hgrc
status Codereview should be disabled.
cd $clone1
must hg status
must not hg pending
status Enabling code review.
must mkdir lib lib/codereview
must touch lib/codereview/codereview.cfg
status Code review should work even without CONTRIBUTORS.
must hg pending
status Add CONTRIBUTORS.
echo 'Grace R Emlin <gre@golang.org>' >CONTRIBUTORS
must hg add lib/codereview/codereview.cfg CONTRIBUTORS
status First submit.
must hg submit -r gre@golang.org -m codereview \
lib/codereview/codereview.cfg CONTRIBUTORS
status Should see change in other client.
cd $clone2
must hg pull -u
must test -f lib/codereview/codereview.cfg
must test -f CONTRIBUTORS
test_clpatch() {
# The email address must be test@example.com to match
# the test code review server's default user.
# Clpatch will check.
cd $clone1
# Tried to use UTF-8 here to test that, but dev_appserver.py crashes. Ha ha.
if false; then
status Using UTF-8.
name="Grácè T Emlïn <test@example.com>"
else
status Using ASCII.
name="Grace T Emlin <test@example.com>"
fi
echo "$name" >>CONTRIBUTORS
cat .hg/hgrc | sed "s/Grace.*/$name/" >/tmp/x && mv /tmp/x .hg/hgrc
echo '
Reviewer: gre@golang.org
Description:
CONTRIBUTORS: add $name
Files:
CONTRIBUTORS
' | must hg change -i
num=$(hg pending | sed 1q | tr -d :)
status Patch CL.
cd $clone2
must hg clpatch $num
must [ "$num" = "$(firstcl)" ]
must hg submit $num
status Issue should be open with no reviewers.
must curl http://$server/api/$num >/tmp/x
must not grep '"closed":true' /tmp/x
must grep '"reviewers":\[\]' /tmp/x
status Sync should close issue.
cd $clone1
must hg sync
must curl http://$server/api/$num >/tmp/x
must grep '"closed":true' /tmp/x
must grep '"reviewers":\[\]' /tmp/x
must [ "$(firstcl)" = "" ]
}
test_reviewer() {
status Submit without reviewer should fail.
cd $clone1
echo dummy >dummy
must hg add dummy
echo '
Description:
no reviewer
Files:
dummy
' | must hg change -i
num=$(firstcl)
must not hg submit $num
must hg revert dummy
must rm dummy
must hg change -d $num
}
test_linearity() {
status Linearity of changes.
cd $clone1
echo file1 >file1
must hg add file1
echo '
Reviewer: gre@golang.org
Description: file1
Files: file1
' | must hg change -i
must hg submit $(firstcl)
cd $clone2
echo file2 >file2
must hg add file2
echo '
Reviewer: gre@golang.org
Description: file2
Files: file2
' | must hg change -i
must not hg submit $(firstcl)
must hg sync
must hg submit $(firstcl)
}
test_restrict() {
status Cannot use hg ci.
cd $clone1
echo file1a >file1a
hg add file1a
must not hg ci -m commit file1a
must rm file1a
must hg revert file1a
status Cannot use hg rollback.
must not hg rollback
status Cannot use hg backout
must not hg backout -r -1
}
test_reviewer
test_clpatch
test_linearity
test_restrict
status ALL TESTS PASSED.

View File

@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@
# This script rebuilds the time zone files using files
# downloaded from the ICANN/IANA distribution.
# NOTE: As of Oct, 2013, the C files will not build on Macs but will build on Linux.
# Versions to use.
CODE=2014j
DATA=2014j
CODE=2013g
DATA=2013g
set -e
rm -rf work

Binary file not shown.

99
misc/IntelliJIDEA/Go.xml Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
Copy this custom language definition & configuration file to
* Mac : ~/Library/Preferences/IntelliJIdea10/filetypes/
* Linux & Windows : ~/.IntelliJIdea10/config/filetypes/
-->
<filetype binary="false" default_extension="" description="Go" name="Go">
<highlighting>
<options>
<option name="LINE_COMMENT" value="//"/>
<option name="COMMENT_START" value="/*"/>
<option name="COMMENT_END" value="*/"/>
<option name="HEX_PREFIX" value="0x"/>
<option name="NUM_POSTFIXES" value=""/>
<option name="HAS_BRACKETS" value="true"/>
<option name="HAS_BRACES" value="true"/>
<option name="HAS_PARENS" value="true"/>
<option name="HAS_STRING_ESCAPES" value="true"/>
</options>
<keywords ignore_case="false">
<keyword name="break"/>
<keyword name="case"/>
<keyword name="chan"/>
<keyword name="const"/>
<keyword name="continue"/>
<keyword name="default"/>
<keyword name="defer"/>
<keyword name="else"/>
<keyword name="fallthrough"/>
<keyword name="for"/>
<keyword name="func"/>
<keyword name="go"/>
<keyword name="goto"/>
<keyword name="if"/>
<keyword name="import"/>
<keyword name="interface"/>
<keyword name="map"/>
<keyword name="package"/>
<keyword name="range"/>
<keyword name="return"/>
<keyword name="select"/>
<keyword name="struct"/>
<keyword name="switch"/>
<keyword name="type"/>
<keyword name="var"/>
</keywords>
<keywords2>
<keyword name="bool"/>
<keyword name="byte"/>
<keyword name="complex64"/>
<keyword name="complex128"/>
<keyword name="float32"/>
<keyword name="float64"/>
<keyword name="int"/>
<keyword name="int8"/>
<keyword name="int16"/>
<keyword name="int32"/>
<keyword name="int64"/>
<keyword name="string"/>
<keyword name="uint"/>
<keyword name="uint8"/>
<keyword name="uint16"/>
<keyword name="uint32"/>
<keyword name="uint64"/>
<keyword name="uintptr"/>
</keywords2>
<keywords3>
<keyword name="append"/>
<keyword name="cap"/>
<keyword name="close"/>
<keyword name="complex"/>
<keyword name="copy"/>
<keyword name="delete"/>
<keyword name="imag"/>
<keyword name="len"/>
<keyword name="make"/>
<keyword name="new"/>
<keyword name="panic"/>
<keyword name="print"/>
<keyword name="println"/>
<keyword name="real"/>
<keyword name="recover"/>
</keywords3>
<keywords4>
<keyword name="false"/>
<keyword name="iota"/>
<keyword name="nil"/>
<keyword name="true"/>
</keywords4>
</highlighting>
<extensionMap>
<mapping ext="go"/>
</extensionMap>
</filetype>

View File

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
Android
=======
For details on developing Go for Android, see the documentation in the
mobile subrepository:
https://github.com/golang/mobile
To run the standard library tests, see androidtest.bash. Run it as
CC_FOR_TARGET=.../ndk-gcc GOARCH=arm GOARM=7 ./androidtest.bash

View File

@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// This program can be used as go_android_GOARCH_exec by the Go tool.
// It executes binaries on an android device using adb.
package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"go/build"
"io"
"log"
"os"
"os/exec"
"path/filepath"
"runtime"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
func run(args ...string) string {
buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
cmd := exec.Command("adb", args...)
cmd.Stdout = io.MultiWriter(os.Stdout, buf)
cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
log.Printf("adb %s", strings.Join(args, " "))
err := cmd.Run()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("adb %s: %v", strings.Join(args, " "), err)
}
return buf.String()
}
const (
// Directory structure on the target device androidtest.bash assumes.
deviceGoroot = "/data/local/tmp/goroot"
deviceGopath = "/data/local/tmp/gopath"
)
func main() {
log.SetFlags(0)
log.SetPrefix("go_android_exec: ")
// Prepare a temporary directory that will be cleaned up at the end.
deviceGotmp := fmt.Sprintf("/data/local/tmp/%s-%d",
filepath.Base(os.Args[1]), os.Getpid())
run("shell", "mkdir", "-p", deviceGotmp)
// Determine the package by examining the current working
// directory, which will look something like
// "$GOROOT/src/mime/multipart" or "$GOPATH/src/golang.org/x/mobile".
// We extract everything after the $GOROOT or $GOPATH to run on the
// same relative directory on the target device.
subdir, inGoRoot := subdir()
deviceCwd := filepath.Join(deviceGoroot, subdir)
if !inGoRoot {
deviceCwd = filepath.Join(deviceGopath, subdir)
}
// Binary names can conflict.
// E.g. template.test from the {html,text}/template packages.
binName := filepath.Base(os.Args[1])
deviceBin := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s-%d", deviceGotmp, binName, os.Getpid())
// The push of the binary happens in parallel with other tests.
// Unfortunately, a simultaneous call to adb shell hold open
// file descriptors, so it is necessary to push then move to
// avoid a "text file busy" error on execution.
// https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=65857
run("push", os.Args[1], deviceBin+"-tmp")
run("shell", "cp '"+deviceBin+"-tmp' '"+deviceBin+"'")
run("shell", "rm '"+deviceBin+"-tmp'")
// The adb shell command will return an exit code of 0 regardless
// of the command run. E.g.
// $ adb shell false
// $ echo $?
// 0
// https://code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail?id=3254
// So we append the exitcode to the output and parse it from there.
const exitstr = "exitcode="
cmd := `export TMPDIR="` + deviceGotmp + `"` +
`; export GOROOT="` + deviceGoroot + `"` +
`; export GOPATH="` + deviceGopath + `"` +
`; cd "` + deviceCwd + `"` +
"; '" + deviceBin + "' " + strings.Join(os.Args[2:], " ") +
"; echo -n " + exitstr + "$?"
output := run("shell", cmd)
run("shell", "rm", "-rf", deviceGotmp) // Clean up.
output = output[strings.LastIndex(output, "\n")+1:]
if !strings.HasPrefix(output, exitstr) {
log.Fatalf("no exit code: %q", output)
}
code, err := strconv.Atoi(output[len(exitstr):])
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("bad exit code: %v", err)
}
os.Exit(code)
}
// subdir determines the package based on the current working directory,
// and returns the path to the package source relative to $GOROOT (or $GOPATH).
func subdir() (pkgpath string, underGoRoot bool) {
cwd, err := os.Getwd()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
if root := runtime.GOROOT(); strings.HasPrefix(cwd, root) {
subdir, err := filepath.Rel(root, cwd)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
return subdir, true
}
for _, p := range filepath.SplitList(build.Default.GOPATH) {
if !strings.HasPrefix(cwd, p) {
continue
}
subdir, err := filepath.Rel(p, cwd)
if err == nil {
return subdir, false
}
}
log.Fatalf("the current path %q is not in either GOROOT(%q) or GOPATH(%q)",
cwd, runtime.GOROOT(), build.Default.GOPATH)
return "", false
}

250
misc/bash/go Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,250 @@
# install in /etc/bash_completion.d/ or your personal directory
complete -f -X '!*.8' 8l
complete -f -X '!*.6' 6l
complete -f -X '!*.5' 5l
complete -f -X '!*.go' 8g 6g 5g gofmt gccgo
_go_importpath()
{
echo "$(compgen -W "$(go list all) all std" -- "$1")"
}
_go()
{
# TODO: Only allow flags before other arguments. run already does
# this.
local cur=`_get_cword`
local prev="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}"
local cmd="${COMP_WORDS[1]}"
local cmds="build clean doc fix fmt get
install list run test tool version vet"
local addhelp="gopath importpath remote
testflag testfunc"
local other="help"
if [ "$COMP_CWORD" == 1 ]; then
for opt in $cmds; do
if [[ "$opt" == "$cmd" ]]; then
COMPREPLY=("$opt")
return
fi
done
fi
case "$cmd" in
'build')
case "$prev" in
'-o')
_filedir
;;
'-p')
;;
*)
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-a -n -o -p -v -x" -- "$cur"))
else
local found=0
for ((i=0; i < ${#COMP_WORDS[@]}; i++)); do
case "$i" in
0|1|"$COMP_CWORD")
continue
;;
esac
local opt="${COMP_WORDS[i]}"
if [[ "$opt" != -* ]]; then
if [[ "$opt" == *.go && -f "$opt" ]]; then
found=1
break
else
found=2
break
fi
fi
done
case "$found" in
0)
_filedir go
COMPREPLY+=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
;;
1)
_filedir go
;;
2)
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
;;
esac
fi
;;
esac
;;
'clean')
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-i -r -n -x" -- "$cur"))
else
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
fi
;;
'doc')
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
;;
'fix')
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
;;
'fmt')
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
;;
'get')
case "$prev" in
'-p')
;;
*)
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-a -d -fix -n -p -u -v -x" -- "$cur"))
else
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
fi
;;
esac
;;
'install')
case "$prev" in
'-p')
;;
*)
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-a -n -p -v -x" -- "$cur"))
else
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
fi
;;
esac
;;
'list')
case "$prev" in
'-f')
;;
*)
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-e -f -json" -- "$cur"))
else
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
fi
;;
esac
;;
'run')
if [[ "$cur" == -* && "$prev" != *.go ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-a -n -x" -- "$cur"))
else
_filedir
fi
;;
'test') # TODO: Support for testflags.
case "$prev" in
'-file')
_filedir go
;;
'-p')
;;
*)
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "-c -file -i -p -x" -- "$cur"))
else
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
fi
;;
esac
;;
'tool')
if [ "$COMP_CWORD" == 2 ]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$(go tool)" -- "$cur"))
else
case "${COMP_WORDS[2]}" in
[568]a) # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_568a
;;
[568]c) # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_568c
;;
[568]g) # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_568g
;;
[568]l) # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_568l
;;
'api') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_api
;;
'cgo') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_cgo
;;
'cov') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_cov
;;
'dist') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_dist
;;
'ebnflint') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_ebnflint
;;
'fix') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_fix
;;
'gotype') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_gotype
;;
'nm') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_nm
;;
'pack') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_pack
;;
'pprof') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_pprof
;;
'prof') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_prof
;;
'vet') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_vet
;;
'yacc') # TODO: Implement something.
#_go_tool_yacc
;;
esac
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "${COMPREPLY[*]} -h" -- "$cur"))
fi
fi
;;
'version')
;;
'vet')
if [[ "$cur" == -* ]]; then
:
else
COMPREPLY=(`_go_importpath "$cur"`)
fi
;;
'help')
if [ "$COMP_CWORD" == 2 ]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$cmds $addhelp" -- "$cur"))
fi
;;
*)
if [ "$COMP_CWORD" == 1 ]; then
COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "$cmds $other" -- "$cur"))
else
_filedir
fi
;;
esac
}
complete $filenames -F _go go
# vim:ts=2 sw=2 et syn=sh

104
misc/bbedit/Go.plist Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
{
BBEditDocumentType = "CodelessLanguageModule";
BBLMColorsSyntax = YES;
BBLMIsCaseSensitive = YES;
BBLMKeywordList = (
append,
bool,
break,
byte,
cap,
case,
chan,
close,
complex,
complex128,
complex64,
const,
continue,
copy,
default,
defer,
delete,
else,
error,
fallthrough,
false,
float32,
float64,
for,
func,
go,
goto,
if,
iota,
imag,
import,
int,
int16,
int32,
int64,
int8,
interface,
len,
make,
map,
new,
nil,
package,
panic,
print,
println,
range,
real,
recover,
return,
rune,
select,
string,
struct,
switch,
true,
type,
uint,
uint16,
uint32,
uint64,
uint8,
uintptr,
var,
);
BBLMLanguageCode = go;
"BBLMLanguageDisplayName" = "Go";
BBLMScansFunctions = YES;
BBLMSuffixMap = (
{
BBLMLanguageSuffix = ".go";
},
);
"Language Features" = {
"Close Block Comments" = "*/";
"Close Parameter Lists" = ")";
"Close Statement Blocks" = "}";
"Close Strings 1" = "`";
"Close Strings 2" = "\"";
"End-of-line Ends Strings 1" = YES;
"End-of-line Ends Strings 2" = YES;
"Escape Char in Strings 1" = "\\";
"Escape Char in Strings 2" = "\\";
"Identifier and Keyword Characters" = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
"Open Block Comments" = "/*";
"Open Line Comments" = "//";
"Open Parameter Lists" = "(";
"Open Statement Blocks" = "{";
"Open Strings 1" = "`";
"Open Strings 2" = "\"";
"Prefix for Functions" = "func";
"Prefix for Procedures" = "func";
"Terminator for Prototypes 1" = ";";
"Terminator for Prototypes 2" = "";
};
}

View File

@@ -1,5 +1,124 @@
#!/bin/bash
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
echo 'misc/benchcmp has moved:' >&2
echo ' go get -u golang.org/x/tools/cmd/benchcmp' >&2
exit 2
case "$1" in
-*)
echo 'usage: benchcmp old.txt new.txt' >&2
echo >&2
echo 'Each input file should be from:' >&2
echo ' go test -test.run=NONE -test.bench=. > [old,new].txt' >&2
echo >&2
echo 'Benchcmp compares the first and last for each benchmark.' >&2
echo >&2
echo 'If -test.benchmem=true is added to the "go test" command' >&2
echo 'benchcmp will also compare memory allocations.' >&2
exit 2
esac
awk '
BEGIN {
n = 0
}
$1 ~ /Benchmark/ && $4 == "ns/op" {
if(old[$1]) {
if(!saw[$1]++) {
name[n++] = $1
if(length($1) > len)
len = length($1)
}
new[$1] = $3
if($6 == "MB/s")
newmb[$1] = $5
# allocs/op might be at $8 or $10 depending on if
# SetBytes was used or not.
# B/op might be at $6 or $8, it should be immediately
# followed by allocs/op
if($8 == "allocs/op") {
newbytes[$1] = $5
newalloc[$1] = $7
}
if($10 == "allocs/op") {
newbytes[$1] = $7
newalloc[$1] = $9
}
} else {
old[$1] = $3
if($6 == "MB/s")
oldmb[$1] = $5
if($8 == "allocs/op") {
oldbytes[$1] = $5
oldalloc[$1] = $7
}
if($10 == "allocs/op") {
oldbytes[$1] = $7
oldalloc[$1] = $9
}
}
}
END {
if(n == 0) {
print "benchcmp: no repeated benchmarks" >"/dev/stderr"
exit 1
}
printf("%-*s %12s %12s %7s\n", len, "benchmark", "old ns/op", "new ns/op", "delta")
# print ns/op
for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
what = name[i]
printf("%-*s %12d %12d %6s%%\n", len, what, old[what], new[what],
sprintf("%+.2f", 100*new[what]/old[what]-100))
}
# print mb/s
anymb = 0
for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
what = name[i]
if(!(what in newmb))
continue
if(anymb++ == 0)
printf("\n%-*s %12s %12s %7s\n", len, "benchmark", "old MB/s", "new MB/s", "speedup")
printf("%-*s %12s %12s %6sx\n", len, what,
sprintf("%.2f", oldmb[what]),
sprintf("%.2f", newmb[what]),
sprintf("%.2f", newmb[what]/oldmb[what]))
}
# print allocs
anyalloc = 0
for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
what = name[i]
if(!(what in newalloc))
continue
if(anyalloc++ == 0)
printf("\n%-*s %12s %12s %7s\n", len, "benchmark", "old allocs", "new allocs", "delta")
if(oldalloc[what] == 0)
delta="n/a"
else
delta=sprintf("%.2f", 100*newalloc[what]/oldalloc[what]-100)
printf("%-*s %12d %12d %6s%%\n", len, what,
oldalloc[what], newalloc[what], delta)
}
# print alloc bytes
anybytes = 0
for(i=0; i<n; i++) {
what = name[i]
if(!(what in newbytes))
continue
if(anybytes++ == 0)
printf("\n%-*s %12s %12s %7s\n", len, "benchmark", "old bytes", "new bytes", "delta")
if(oldbytes[what] == 0)
delta="n/a"
else
delta=sprintf("%.2f", 100*newbytes[what]/oldbytes[what]-100)
printf("%-*s %12d %12d %6s%%\n", len, what,
oldbytes[what], newbytes[what], delta)
}
}
' "$@"

View File

@@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
/*
#cgo LDFLAGS: -c
void test() {
xxx; // ERROR HERE
xxx; // This is line 7.
}
*/
import "C"

View File

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
import "C"
func main() {
s := ""
_ = s
C.malloc(s) // ERROR HERE
}

View File

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
/*
typedef struct foo foo_t;
typedef struct bar bar_t;
foo_t *foop;
*/
import "C"
func main() {
x := (*C.bar_t)(nil)
C.foop = x // ERROR HERE
}

View File

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
/*
void foo() {}
*/
import "C"
func main() {
C.foo = C.foo // ERROR HERE
}

View File

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
// Issue 8442. Cgo output unhelpful error messages for
// invalid C preambles.
/*
void issue8442foo(UNDEF*); // ERROR HERE
*/
import "C"
func main() {
C.issue8442foo(nil)
}

View File

@@ -2,33 +2,18 @@
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
# license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
check() {
file=$1
line=$(grep -n 'ERROR HERE' $file | sed 's/:.*//')
if [ "$line" = "" ]; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: cannot find ERROR HERE in $file
exit 1
fi
if go build $file >errs 2>&1; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: expected cgo to fail but it succeeded
exit 1
fi
if ! test -s errs; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: expected error output but saw none
exit 1
fi
if ! fgrep $file:$line: errs >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: expected error on line $line but saw:
cat 1>&2 errs
exit 1
fi
}
check err1.go
check err2.go
check err3.go
check issue7757.go
check issue8442.go
if go tool cgo err1.go >errs 2>&1; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: expected cgo to fail but it succeeded
exit 1
fi
if ! test -s errs; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: expected error output but saw none
exit 1
fi
if ! fgrep err1.go:7 errs >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo 1>&2 misc/cgo/errors/test.bash: BUG: expected error on line 7 but saw:
cat 1>&2 errs
exit 1
fi
rm -rf errs _obj
exit 0

View File

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Test that -static works when not using cgo. This test is in
// misc/cgo to take advantage of the testing framework support for
// when -static is expected to work.
package nocgo
func NoCgo() int {
c := make(chan int)
// The test is run with external linking, which means that
// goroutines will be created via the runtime/cgo package.
// Make sure that works.
go func() {
c <- 42
}()
return <-c
}

View File

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package nocgo
import "testing"
func TestNop(t *testing.T) {
i := NoCgo()
if i != 42 {
t.Errorf("got %d, want %d", i, 42)
}
}

View File

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
// Copyright 2014 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package cgotest
import _ "unsafe"
//go:linkname lockedOSThread runtime.lockedOSThread
//extern runtime_lockedOSThread
func lockedOSThread() bool

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package backdoor
func LockedOSThread() bool // in runtime.c

View File

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
// Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Expose some runtime functions for testing.
// Must be in a non-cgo-using package so that
// the go command compiles this file with 6c, not gcc.
// +build gc
typedef char bool;
bool runtime·lockedOSThread(void);
static void
FLUSH(void*)
{
}
void
·LockedOSThread(bool b)
{
b = runtime·lockedOSThread();
FLUSH(&b);
}

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